the japanese red army. japanese red army: origins, objectives, ideology by: sahba saravi
TRANSCRIPT
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THE JAPANESE RED ARMY
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JAPANESE RED ARMY: ORIGINS, OBJECTIVES, IDEOLOGY
By: Sahba Saravi
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OVERVIEW
• University students aggravated with post WWII conditions• Offshoot of the Japanese Communist Party,
evolved from three different groups• Anarchic left-wing militant group• Goal of global communist revolution
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• Sekigun- Ha (Red Army)• 1969 Created when Shiomi
broke away from JCP• Declared world revolution
would occur Sep. 1 1970• Rengo Sekigun (United Red Army)• 1970 Merged with Keihin
Ampo Kyoto• Nihon Sekigun
(Japanese Red Army)• Largest fragment left
from Katuisawa events
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IDEOLOGY• Marxist-Leninist ideology• Leading member Fusako
Shigenobu grew up poor and became a communist in university
• Craving for modernization w/ connection to tradition • Distasted restrictions
imposed on Japan post WWII• Imposed Samurai Moral
Code
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OBJECTIVES
• Revolutionize the nation and eventually the world based on Marxist ideology• Eliminate poverty & embrace equality• Tackle government corruption• Terminate U.S military presence in Japan &
Vietnam• Communism allowed these goals to take place in
society
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LEADERSHIP IN THE JRA
By: Max Workman
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Primarily led by:
•Fusako Shigenobu •Takeshi Okudaira.
LEADERS
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• Joined Red Army Faction as a student, left because of political issues
• She was a co-founder of the Lebanon branch which was the Japanese Red Army.
• One of the few females given power in Japanese groups.
FUSAKO SHIGENOBU
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• Founded the JRA with Shigenobu in 1972.
• Was killed on May 30, 1972, in the Lod Airport Massacre which left 26 people dead and 80 others wounded.
• Reported to be dating/engaged/married to Shigenobu but other sources say that this relationship was a lie.
TAKESHI OKUDAIRA
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By: Jessica Colbourn
SUPPORT AND RECRUITMENT
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SupportIncluded:hijacking planes and blowing up refineries. •“Precision planning”
MONETARY SUPPORT
Funded themselves through bank and post office robberies.
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Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
(PFLP)
•Supported the JRA’s goal of revolution•Provided the JRA with guerilla training•Helped launch numerous terrorist attacks along side the JRA.
• Ex: Lod Airport Massacre 1972
EXTERNAL SUPPORT
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• Recruitment of college students and young workers.
• Selectively looking for individuals from private and exclusive universities.
• Use of propaganda and recruitment films
RECRUITMENT
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STRATEGY, TARGETS AND METHODS
By: Brooke Tavel
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STRATEGY
Believed in the practice of mass casualties, along with public
displays of power and threat to the community.
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LOD MASSACRE
• Most notable and deadly attack carried out by the JRA:
• May 30, 1972 – 3 members attacked the airport with gun and grenades.•26 killed, at least 80 injured.
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ATTACKS
Types of carried out and planned attacks:
•Plane hijackings• North Korea
•Hostages• AIA Building takeover, 1975
•Bombings• Naples, April 1988
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CONCLUSION
The organization was disbanded.
Though, the JRA conducted several “successful” attacks, the organization was not successful in it’s
overall goal of overthrowing the Japanese government with the attempt at a Revolution.