the judicial branch lower federal courts. 2 basic types –c–constitutional federal courts...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Judicial Branch
Lower Federal Courts
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• 2 Basic Types– Constitutional Federal Courts– Legislative Federal Courts
• Constitutional Courts– Federal District Courts– Federal Courts of Appeals– United States Court of International
Trade
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• Created in 1789• 94 districts exist today• Trial courts for both criminal & civil federal
cases• Workhorse of federal judiciary• Jurisdiction
– Issues of federal statutory or constitutional law– Some cases involving citizens of different
states
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• 2 Types of Juries in Criminal Cases– Grand Jury (16-23 people)
• Hears charges• Decides if there will be a trial (indictment)
or if the charges are dropped
– Petit Jury or Trial Jury (6-12 people)• Weigh evidence• Criminal (guilt or not guilty)• Civil (plaintiff or defendant)
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• U.S. Attorney– Prosecute criminals & represent the U.S.
in civil suits
• U.S. Magistrate– Issue warrants & decide if a case should
go to the grand jury
• Bankruptcy Judge– Bankruptcy cases
• U.S. Marshals– Makes arrests, securing jurors, & keep
order
• Deputy clerks, bailiffs, & stenographer help the clerk
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• Created in 1891• Ease the workload of the Supreme
Court• 13 of them• 12 (1 in each district) & a special one
with national jurisdiction• Heard by a panel of 3 judges or
sometimes all of them
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•3 options–Stick with the original decision
–Reverse the original decision
–Send it back to have the case tried again
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•Used to be called the U.S. Customs Court
• Jurisdiction: cases dealing with tariffs
•Based in New York City but it’s a national court
•Also hear cases in port cities (New Orleans & San Francisco)
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