the katzen arts center - penn state college of engineering

THE KATZEN ARTS CENTER

WASHINGTON, DC

Jessica Potkovick Construction Management Option Professor Michael Horman The Katzen Arts Center

Table of Contents

Executive Summary………………………………………………………………………………2 Site Layout Planning Narrative………………………………………………………………….3

Site Layout Plans…………………………………………………………………………...5 Temporary Facilities…………………………………………………………………………….10 Detailed Systems Estimate……………………………………………………………………..22 General Conditions Estimate…………………………………………………………………..25 Research and Analysis Methods………………………………………………………………..28

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Jessica Potkovick Construction Management Option Professor Michael Horman The Katzen Arts Center Washington, DC Alternate System and Methods Analysis Executive Summary: Prior to construction, Holder Construction took the time to study the logistics of each phase of the project. This is apparent in that the site is being utilized to its fullest extent. This includes using the new loading dock area and parking deck entrance as part of the temporary road, using the newly constructed building as storage space, and erecting/dismantling the cranes so they are on site for the shortest period of time possible. Following the project planning, the temporary facilities must be set up to allow the job to run smoothly. This includes the temporary utilities, site trailers, waste management facilities and plan, temporary roads, temporary signage, site enclosure fence, etc. A detailed estimate of the substructure and structure shows that it accounts for 11.5 million dollars out of the total project cost (40.6 million). It also shows that the structure costs $35/SF. The estimate is broken down by activity or material. Refer to Appendix A for a detailed floor break down and Appendix B for the estimate backup information. The general conditions estimate is broken down into two parts: General Conditions and Construction Requirements. Holder defines General Conditions as the items you need on every project in order to complete it; where as Construction Requirements are project specific requirements.


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Site Layout Planning

Construction Site Plan: The construction site plan identifies the location of all temporary facilities that are required on site in order for construction to occur. This includes site trailers, parking, access roads, and fences to name a few. A chain link fence surrounds the building at the construction limits and is locked nightly to prevent people from getting on site outside of working hours. There are three entrances/exits on site that are used for construction traffic. The first is located off Massachusetts Avenue where the future entrance to the parking deck will be. The second is further west on Massachusetts Avenue and the third is off of Nebraska Avenue near Nebraska Hall. Construction traffic utilizes these entrances and a temporary road that was set up around the perimeter of the building footprint; within the limits of construction. The temporary road is extended towards the west side of the site to mimic what will be the buildings loading dock following construction. All Holder Construction staff and both the mechanical and electrical subcontractors park across the street from the construction site on Massachusetts Avenue in an existing parking lot that belongs to the main campus. The mechanical and electrical subcontractors and Holder Construction also have their trailers in this area. The remaining subcontractors park on the other side of Ward Circle in a parking lot that is owned by American University. Construction of the Katzen Arts Center does not hinder normal traffic patterns. All regular traffic patterns exist with the exception of an additional stop due to a new traffic signal at the entrance to the parking deck on Massachusetts Avenue. Pedestrian traffic is closed off along the construction side of Massachusetts Avenue.

Excavation Site Plan:

Excavation began in component C and then went to B, A, and D, respectively. Three excavators and a number of dump trucks were used to remove the 122,000 cubic yards of fill off of the site. Two ramps were constructed within the footprint in order to allow the machinery in/out of the excavation area at ease. The first ramp was located in component B and the second in component D/A as indicated on the site plan. The temporary road, as described above, was used as a loading area for the dump trucks. Once the dump trucks were loaded, they immediately exited the site using the nearest of the three exits. Little fill was required on, so all fill was taken from component D and transferred to the required location. By directly transferring the soil to the backfill location Holder Construction eliminated the need for fill storage on site.


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Site Layout Planning (cont.)

Structural Site Plan:

Construction began on the structure in the same pattern as excavation; C, B, A, and D respectively. Three cranes were set up along the south side of the building and were positioned such that one of the three could reach within the building footprint, but so none could swing over the nearby residential property. The two cranes to the west have a swing of 143’ and the third 200’. The cranes were used for picking buckets of concrete off of trucks, hoisting the bucket within the site, and for placing the cast-in place concrete. Concrete trucks entered/exited the site at the nearest of the three gates, depending on where construction was occurring. A portion of the site, near the new location for the loading dock was accumulated for layout of rebar, embeds, etc.

Exterior Enclosure Site Plan:

Exterior enclosure materials were delivered to the site only shortly before enclosure began. The CMU, limestone veneer and precast were place around the perimeter of the building area that was being worked on at the particular time. Two hoists were used for building exterior locations that could not be reached from the ground. In addition, the cranes remained during the enclosure phase for pieces of precast veneer that were too heavy for a man and hoist. Construction of the exterior enclosure followed the same path as both excavation and structure.

Finishes Site Plan: During the finish phase of the project the three cranes were deconstructed. As finishes arrived on site, a storage room was dedicated to a type of material (doors, hardware, etc.) in Parking Level one and the areas were locked to prevent damage/theft. The building finishes were completed from component C, B, A, and D, respectively.

Site Layout Evaluation: I believe the site layout is successful as result of prior planning. Due to the constricted site there was not room for site trailers, materials, parking, etc. By locating the site trailers directly across the street from the project Holder Construction is still able to monitor the site and they are able to make the most of the site for material storage and construction vehicle traffic. In addition, installing the temporary road at the location of the new loading dock and new parking deck entrance allows the road to be used for the duration of the project without having to be moved until paving needs to occur. Completing the building in phases allows tradesman to do their work in one area and progressively work their way west. The move is gradual and at no time do the subcontractors have to pick up and move across the site. This saves time because they do not have to move their materials and equipment. Last, using the parking deck for material storage prevented the site from being overcrowded with storage sheds and allows the materials to be near their place of installation.


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Temporary Facilities

Temporary Utilities

An appropriate local utility company is to install the temporary service or connect to the existing service. If a utility company can only provide one part of the service, the remainder of the service must be of matching; compatible materials and equipment. Sewers and Drainage:

• Temporary connections should be provided to get rid of outflow that can be discharged lawfully when sewers are available on site.

• Drainage ditches, dry wells, stabilization ponds, or a similar facility should be provided when sewers are not available on site or cannot be used.

• Containers should be provided to discharge of outflow when neither sewers nor drainage facilities can be used. This should be accomplished in a lawful manner.

All construction materials, chemicals, oils, and other contaminants that may clog sewers or pollute waterways should be filtered out prior to discharge. All temporary sewers and drainage facilities should be maintained in a clean, sanitary condition. Temporary filter beds, settlement tanks, separators, and similar devices that will purify the outflow should be provided at levels acceptable to those having jurisdiction. Water Service and Distribution: Water and distribution piping should be installed in sizes and pressures adequate for construction until permanent water service is in use. Temporary water piping should be sterilized prior to use. Rubber hoses should be provided to serve the Project site. As soon as water is required at each level, extend service to form a temporary water and fire protection standpipe. Provide distribution piping. Space outlets so water can be reached with a 100 foot hose. Provide one hose at each outlet. Provide pumps to supply a minimum of 30 psi static pressure at highest point. Equip pumps with surge and storage tanks and automatic controls to supply water uniformly at reasonable pressures.


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Temporary Facilities (cont.)

Sanitary facilities, including toilets, wash facilities, and drinking water facilities: Provide temporary toilets, wash facilities, and drinking water fixtures. Comply with regulations and health codes for type, number, location, operation, and maintenance of fixtures and facilities. Locate toilets and drinking water fixtures so personnel need not walk more than two stories vertically or 200 feet horizontally to facilities. Toilet tissue, paper towels, paper cups, and similar disposable materials should be provided for each facility. Provide covered waste containers for disposal of used materials. Toilets should be self-contained units and should be shielded to ensure privacy. In addition, separate facilities should be provided for female and male personnel.

Wash facilities should be supplied with potable water at convenient locations for personnel who handle materials that require wash up. Provide bottled water and drinking water units. Where power is accessible, provide electric water coolers to maintain dispensed water temperature at 45 to 55 deg F. Heating and Cooling Facilities: Provide temporary heating and cooling required by construction activities for curing or drying of complete installation or for protecting installed construction from adverse effects of low temperature or high humidity. Select equipment from that specified that will not have a harmful effect on completed installation or elements being installed. Maintain a minimum temperature of 50 deg F in permanently enclosed portions of building for normal construction activities, and 65 deg F for finishing activities and areas where finished Work has been installed. Ventilation: Provide temporary ventilation required by construction activities for curing or drying of completed installation or for protecting installed construction from adverse effects of high humidity. Select equipment from that specified that will not have a harmful effect on completed installation or elements being installed. Coordinate ventilation requirements to produce ambient condition required and minimize energy consumption.


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Electric Power Service: Provide weatherproof, grounded electric power service and distribution system of sufficient size, capacity, and power characteristics during construction period. Include meters, transformers, overload protected disconnecting means, automatic ground fault interrupters, and main distribution switchgear. Install electric power service underground, unless overhead service must be used. Electric Distribution:

• Provide receptacle outlets adequate for connection of power tools and equipment. • Provide waterproof connectors to connect separate lengths of electrical power cords if single

lengths will not reach areas where construction activities are in progress. Do not exceed safe length voltage ratio.

• Provide metal conduit, tubing or metallic cable for wiring exposed to possible damage. • Provide rigid steel conduits for wiring exposed on grades, floors, decks, or other traffic

areas. • Provide metal conduit enclosures or boxes for wiring devices. Provide 4 gang outlets,

spaced so 100 foot extension cord can reach each are for power hand tools and task lighting. • Provide separate 125 V ac, 20 A circuit for each outlet.

Lighting:

• Provide temporary lighting with local switching that proved adequate illumination for construction operation and traffic conditions.

• Install and operate temporary lighting that fulfills security and protection requirements without operating entire system.

• Provide one 100 W incandescent lamp per 500 sq. ft., uniformly distribute, for general lighting, or equivalent illumination.

• Provide one 100 W incandescent5 lamp every 50 feet in traffic areas. • Provide one 100 W incandescent lamp per story in stairways and ladder runs, located to

illuminate each landing and flight. • Install exterior yard site lighting that will provide adequate illumination for construction

operation, traffic conditions, and signage visibility when the Work is being performed.


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Telephone Service: Provide temporary telephone service throughout construction period for common use facilities used by all personnel engaged in construction activities. Install separate telephone line for each field office and first aid station. Provide additional telephone lines for the following: Provide a dedicated telephone line for each facsimile machine and computer with modem in each field office. At each telephone, post a list of important telephone numbers: police and fire departments, ambulance service, contractor’s home office, architect’s office, engineers’ offices, owner’s office, principal subcontractors’ field and home offices. Provide an answering machine, voice mail service or messaging service on superintendent’s telephone. Furnish superintendent with electronic paging device or portable two way radio for used when away from field office.


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Temporary Facilities

All temporary facilities should be easily accessible on site. Offices, shops, and sheds located within the construction area or within 30 feet of the building lines should be incombustible construction. All temporary facilities should be maintained until their removal prior to Substantial Completion. Personnel on site following Substantial Completion will be permitted to use the permanent facilities, under conditions acceptable to the Owner. Temporary Roads and Paved Areas: Temporary roads and paved areas should be located within the construction limits and should be constructed to adequately to support loads and to withstand exposure to traffic during the construction period. Temporary roads and paved areas should be constructed as follows:

• Reasonably level, graded, well drained subgrade of satisfactory soil material. • Material should be compacted to not less than 95 percent of maximum dry density in the top

6 inches. • Gravel paving course of subbase material not less than 3 inches thick. • Subbase should be roller compacted to a smooth, dense surface. • Provide dust control treatment that is nonpolluting and nontracking. Reapply duct control

treatment as necessary. Traffic Controls: Traffic controls should comply with authorities having jurisdiction. Temporary traffic controls should be provided at all temporary roads and public road junctions. This should include warning signs for public traffic and “STOP” signs for entrance onto public roads. Temporary Signs: Signs should be installed to inform the public and persons trying to enter the Project. Temporary signs should:

• Provide directional information to construction personnel and visitors. • Be constructed of exterior type Grade BB high density concrete form overlay plywood in

sizes and thicknesses indicated. • Supported on posts or framing of preservative treated wood or steel. • Painted with exterior grade alkyd gloss enamel over exterior primer.


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Waste Disposal Facilities: Waste collection containers should be of sufficient size to handle waste from construction activities. All hazardous, dangerous, and unsanitary water materials should be separated from other waste. Authorities having jurisdiction may require separate, clearly labeled containers for each type of waste material to be deposited. In addition, a waste management plan must be developed for Work performed on the Project. The waste management plan should:

• Indicate the types of waste materials the Project will produce and estimate the quantities of each type.

• Provide detailed information for on site waste storage and separation of recyclable materials. • Provide information on the destination of each type of waste material and means to be used

to dispose of all waste materials. Janitorial Services: Provide janitorial services on a daily basis for temporary offices, first aid stations, toilets, wash facilities, lunchrooms, and similar areas.


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Common Use Field Office: Provide an insulated, weather tight, air conditioned field office for use as a common facility by all personnel engaged in construction activities; of sufficient size to accommodate required office personnel and meeting of 10 persons at Project site. Keep office clean and orderly. Furnish and equip offices as follows:

• Desk and four chairs • Four drawer file cabinet • Plan table • Plan rack • Bookcase

Provide a room of not less than 240 sq. ft. for Project meetings. Furnish room with:

• Conference table • Twelve folding chairs • Four foot square tack board

Field office services should be as follows: • An electric heater with thermostat capable of maintaining a uniform indoor temperature of

68 deg F. • An air conditioning unit capable of maintaining an indoor temperature of 72 deg F. • Fluorescent light fixtures capable of maintaining average illumination of 20 fc at desk height. • Provide 110 to 120 V duplex outlets spaced at not more than 12 foot intervals, 1 per wall in

each room. Storage and Fabrication Sheds: Supply open shelter or fully enclosed sheds within the building or on site to accommodate materials and equipment, including temporary utility services. Lifts and Hoists: Provide means of hoisting both materials and equipment. Truck cranes and similar devices used for hoisting materials are considered “tools and equipment” and not temporary facilities.


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Temporary Stairs: Temporary stairs should be used until permanent stairs are constructed and when ladders are not adequate for use. Once permanent stairs are constructed they should be protected with plywood or a similar material such that the finishes will be intact at the time of acceptance.


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Security and Protection Facilities Installation

Environmental Protection: Provide protection, operate temporary facilities, and conduct construction in ways and by methods that comply with environmental regulations and that minimize possible air, waterway, and subsoil contamination or pollution or other undesirable effects. Avoid using tools and equipment that produce harmful noise and restrict use of noisemaking tools and equipment to hours that will minimize complaints from persons or firms near Project site. Stormwater Control: Provide earthen embankments and similar barriers in and around excavations and subgrade construction, sufficient to prevent flooding by runoff of stormwater from heavy rains. Tree and Plant Protection: Install temporary fencing located as indicated or outside the drip line of trees to protect vegetation from construction damage. Protect tree root systems from damage, flooding, and erosion. Apply 3- inch average thickness of organic mulch. Do not place mulch within 6 inches of tree trunks Pest Control: Before deep foundation work has been completed, retain a local exterminator or pest control company to recommend practices to minimize attraction and harboring of rodents, roaches, and other pests. Engage this pest control service to perform extermination and control procedures at regular intervals so Project will be free of pests and their residues at Substantial Completion. Site Enclosure Fence: When excavation begins, install portable chain link enclosure fence with lockable entrance gates. Locate where indicated, or enclose entire Project site or portion determined sufficient to accommodate construction operations. Install in a manner that will prevent people, dogs, and other animals for easily entering site except by entrance gates. Provide gates in sizes and at locations necessary to accommodate delivery vehicles and other construction operations. Maintain security by limiting number of keys and restricting distribution to authorized personnel. Provide Owner with one set of keys.


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Security Enclosure and Lockup: Install substantial temporary enclosure around partially completed areas of construction. Provide lockable entrances to prevent unauthorized entrance, vandalism, theft, and similar violations of security.

Barricades, Warning Signs, and Lights: Comply with standards and code requirements for erecting structurally adequate barricades. Paint with appropriate colors, graphics, and warning signs to inform personnel and public of possible hazard. Where appropriate and needed, provide lighting, including flashing red or amber lights. Temporary Enclosures: Provide temporary enclosures for protection of construction, in progress and completed, from exposure, foul weather, other construction operations, and similar activities. Provide temporary weather tight enclosure for building exterior. Where heating or cooling is needed and permanent enclosure is not complete, provide insulated temporary enclosures. Coordinate enclosures with ventilating and material drying or curing requirements to avoid dangerous conditions and effects.

• Vertical openings: Close opening of 25 sq. ft. or less with plywood or similar materials. • Horizontal Opening: Close openings in floor or roof decks and horizontal surfaces with

load bearing, wood framed construction. Temporary Partitions: Erect and maintain dustproof partitions and temporary enclosures to limit dust and dirt migration and to separate areas from fumes and noise. Construction dustproof partitions of not less than nominal 4 inch studs, 5/8 inch gypsum wallboard with joints taped on occupied side, and ½ inch fire retardant plywood on construction side. Seal joints and perimeter. Equip partitions with dustproof doors and security locks.


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Temporary Fire Protection: Until fire protection needs are supplied by permanent facilities, install and maintain temporary fire protection facilities of types needed to protect against reasonably predictable and controllable fire losses. Provide fire extinguishers, installed on walls on mounting brackets, visible and accessible from space being served, with sign mounted above.

• Field Offices: Class A stored pressure water type extinguishers • Other Locations: Class ABC dry chemical extinguishers or a combination of extinguishers

of NFPA recommended classes for exposures.

Locate fire extinguishers where convenient and effective for their intended purpose; provide not less than one extinguisher on each floor at or near each usable stairwell.

Other

Concrete (Cold Weather Placement): When air temperature has fallen to or is expected to fall below 40 degrees F, uniformly heat water and aggregates before mixing to obtain a concrete mixture temperature of not less than 50 degrees F and not more than 80 degrees F at point of placement.

• Do not use frozen materials or materials containing ice or snow. • Do not place concrete on frozen subgrade or on subgrade containing frozen materials. • Do not use calcium chloride, salt, or other materials containing antifreeze agents or chemical

accelerators, unless otherwise specified and approved in mix designs. Concrete (Hot Weather Placement): Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain concrete temperature below 90 degrees F at time of placement. Chilled mixing water or chopped ice may be used too control temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is calculated to total used to control temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing water. Using liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor’s option. Cover steel reinforcement with water soaked burlap so steel temperature will not exceed ambient air temperature immediately before embedding in concrete. Fog spray forms, steel reinforcement and subgrade just before placing concrete. Keep subgrade moisture uniform without standing water, soft spots, or dry areas.


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Admixtures:

• Use water reducing admixture or high range water reducing admixture (super plasticizer) in concrete, as required, for placement and workability.

• Use water reducing and retarding admixture when required by high temperatures, low humidity, or other adverse placement conditions.

• Use water reducing admixture in pumped concrete, concrete required to be watertight, and concrete with a water cementitious materials ratio below 0.50.


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Detailed Systems Estimate

Total Cost

Quantity Unit Labor Material Equipment Unit Total

SITE CONSTRUCTION

Excavation, Dozer 122000.00 BCY $0.43 $0.00 $3.49 $3.92 $478,240.00 Caissons - 36" Diameter, 0.262 CY/LF 58.00 VLF $27.50 $26.50 $57.00 $111.00 $6,438.00 Caissons - 42" Diameter. 0.364 CY/LF 672.00 VLF $38.50 $36.75 $65.00 $140.25 $94,248.00 Caissons - 48" Diameter, 0.465 CY/LF 87.00 VLF $49.50 $47.00 $73.50 $170.00 $14,790.00

Caissons - 54" Diameter, 0.596 CY/LF 29.00 VLF $63.75 $60.25 $94.25 $218.25 $6,329.25

CONCRETE

Footings - Formwork 11739.50 SFCA $2.79 $0.92 $0.00 $3.71 $43,553.55 Grade and Strap Beams-Formwork 2104.72 SFCA $3.02 $1.56 $0.00 $4.58 $9,639.62 Slab on Grade - Formwork 5202.00 LF $1.73 $0.27 $0.00 $2.00 $10,404.00 Slab - Formwork 342898.60 SFCA $5.05 $0.81 $0.00 $5.86 $2,009,385.80 Columns - Formwork 84552.35 SFCA $4.79 $1.35 $0.00 $6.14 $519,151.43 Beams - Formwork 68544.09 SFCA $4.38 $1.58 $0.00 $5.96 $408,522.78 Walls - Formwork (Below Grade) 95880.00 SFCA $4.38 $1.50 $0.00 $5.88 $563,774.40 Walls - Formwork (Above Grade) 142556.00 SFCA $4.64 $1.20 $0.00 $5.84 $832,527.04 Footings - Reinforcement (#4-#7) 12.01 Ton $580.00 $760.00 $0.00 $1,340.00 $16,093.40 Footings - Reinforcement (#8-#18) 9.72 Ton $335.00 $720.00 $0.00 $1,055.00 $10,254.60 GB - Reinforcement (#4-#7) 0.72 Ton $580.00 $760.00 $0.00 $1,340.00 $964.80 GB and SB - Reinforcement (#8-#18) 4.53 Ton $335.00 $720.00 $0.00 $1,055.00 $4,779.15 SOG - WWF 862.00 CSF $19.60 $25.50 $0.00 $45.10 $38,876.20 Slab - Top Reinforcement (#4-#7) 312.85 Ton $580.00 $760.00 $0.00 $1,340.00 $419,219.00 Slab - Top Reinforcement (#8-#18) 3.70 Ton $335.00 $720.00 $0.00 $1,055.00 $3,903.50 Slab - Bottom Reinforcement 708.07 Ton $580.00 $760.00 $0.00 $1,340.00 $948,813.80 Beams - Reinforcement (#4-#7) 11.28 Ton $760.00 $800.00 $0.00 $1,560.00 $17,596.80 Beams - Reinforcement (#8-#18) 122.49 Ton $450.00 $800.00 $0.00 $1,250.00 $153,112.50 Columns - Reinforcement (#8-#18) 155.84 Ton $530.00 $800.00 $0.00 $1,330.00 $207,267.20 Walls - Reinforcement 157.62 Ton $405.00 $760.00 $0.00 $1,165.00 $183,627.30 Concrete-3000psi (Footings, GB, and SB) 852.78 CY $0.00 $81.00 $0.00 $81.00 $69,075.18 Concrete-3500psi (SOG) 1284.95 CY $0.00 $82.00 $0.00 $82.00 $105,365.90 Concrete - Lightweight (SOG) 45.98 CY $0.00 $122.00 $0.00 $122.00 $5,609.56 Concrete - 5000psi (Slab) 8965.91 CY $0.00 $90.00 $0.00 $90.00 $806,931.90 Concrete - 5000psi (Columns) 1526.20 CY $0.00 $90.00 $0.00 $90.00 $137,358.00 Concrete - 6000psi (Beams) 2132.56 CY $0.00 $103.00 $0.00 $103.00 $219,653.68 Concrete - 4000 psi (Walls) 4902.33 CY $0.00 $84.00 $0.00 $84.00 $411,795.72 Concrete Placement (Footings, GB, and SB) 852.78 CY $21.00 $0.00 $9.60 $30.60 $26,095.07 Concrete Placement (SOG and Slab ) 10296.84 CY $18.90 $0.00 $8.75 $27.65 $284,707.63 Concrete Placement (Column) 1526.20 CY $0.00 $29.50 $13.70 $43.20 $65,931.84 Concrete Placement (Beam) 2132.56 CY $32.00 $0.00 $14.75 $46.75 $99,697.18 Concrete Placement (12" Walls) 2682.89 CY $22.00 $0.00 $10.10 $32.10 $86,120.77 Concrete Placement (15" Walls) 2219.44 CY $23.00 $0.00 $10.65 $33.65 $74,684.16


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SOG and Slab Finishing 424637.35 SF $0.48 $0.00 $0.00 $0.48 $203,825.93 Concrete Curing 5013.04 CSF $4.50 $5.25 $0.00 $9.75 $48,877.14

Chamfer Strips 57476.00 LF $0.51 $0.22 $0.00 $0.73 $41,957.48 THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION

Bentonite Dampproofing (Granular) 47940.00 SF $0.50 $0.93 $0.00 $1.43 $68,554.20

SUBTOTAL $9,757,753.43 GENERAL CONDITIONS (5%) $487,887.67 SUBTOTAL $10,245,641.10OVERHEAD (7%) $717,194.88 SUBTOTAL $10,962,835.98PROFIT (7%) $767,398.52 SUBTOTAL $11,730,234.50LOCATION FACTOR (96.57) $11,327,887.46 CONTIGENCY (2%) $226,557.75 Total Project Cost $11,554,445.20 Square Foot Cost $35.01


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Detailed Systems Estimate (cont.)

Assumptions:

• Slab reinforcing for Levels 1, 2, 3, Roof, Penthouse, and Penthouse Roof was estimated based on average $/SF from Levels P2 and P1.

• Formwork is one or two use. • All concrete is placed with a crane and bucket. • Exclude waterstops. • Exclude reinforcement ties, bolsters, and stirrups. • Assume that a maximum of 5000 SF of concrete can be poured in one day. • Assume W2.1 x W2.1 WWF is W2.0 x W2.0. • Additional elevated slab bottom bars have been included with top reinforcing. • Assume slabs P1, 1, 2, 3, Roof, Penthouse, and Penthouse Roof are of average thickness as

noted in the takeoff. • Assume #7 @ 12” for bottom reinforcing in the Penthouse slab. • Assume all slab bottom reinforcing bar spacing is 12”. • All column reinforcement was taken off; B and C column reinforcement has been estimated

using 8 #9. • Assume average floor heights are as follows:

o Level P3 (10’) o Level P2 (10’) o Level P1 (14’) o Level 1 (14’) o Level 2 (14’) o Level 3 (12’) o Penthouse (14’)

• Caissons are open style, machine drilled to 50’ deep, in wet ground. • Assume chamfer strips are polyvinyl, ½” wide leg. • Assume all below ground wall are 15” thick and all above ground and interior walls are 12”

thick. • Exclude structural steel (22 pieces). • Wall reinforcement was estimated based on ton/sf for Levels 1, 2, 3, and Penthouse. • Cubic yards of cut were given in Contract Documents.


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General Conditions Estimate

General Conditions Cost Unit Duration Total

Communications Equipment $150.00 Month 24 $3,600.00 Daily Photos $40.00 Day 96 $3,840.00 Equipment Floater Insurance 1% %Value $400,000.00 Extra Plans $70.00 Each 50 $3,500.00 Facsimile Machine and Copier $143.00 Month 24 $3,432.00 Fee 2 %Value $800,000.00 Field Office #1 $163.00 Month 24 $3,912.00 Field Office #2 $163.00 Month 24 $3,912.00 Field Office In/Out $500.00 LS $500.00 Field Office Setup $163.00 Per Office $326.00 Field Office Toilet Maintenance $100.00 Month 24 $2,400.00 First Aid $300.00 LS $300.00 General Safety $600.00 Week 96 $57,600.00 HCC Commissioning 0.63% %Project $250,000.00 HCC MEP Services 0.05% % Project $20,000.00 Home Inspection $150.00 Day 48 $7,200.00 Ice Cups & Water $50.00 Month 24 $1,200.00 In-house Project Accountant $890.00 Week 96 $85,440.00 Living Allowance $25.00 Day 600 $15,000.00 Living Expense $500.00 Month 24 $12,000.00 Meals/Entertainment $25.00 Day 600 $15,000.00 Medical Insurance 2% % Project $800,000.00 Micro Processor (PC) $100.00 Month 24 $2,400.00 Monthly Photos $690.00 Set 24 $16,560.00 Moving Expenses $1,000.00 EA 4 $4,000.00 Network Connections Fee $50.00 LS 1 $50.00 Off Site Data Storage $50.00 Month 24 $1,200.00 Office Supplies $85.00 Month 24 $2,040.00 Postage/Expressage $200.00 Month 24 $4,800.00 Project Laborer $1,050.00 Week/Each 192 $201,600.00 Project Manager Car $160.00 Week/Each 96 $15,360.00 Salary Accrual Code $200.00 Fee 1 $200.00 Shops & Sheds $74.50 Month 24 $1,788.00 Signage $16.40 SF 30 $492.00 Software $500.00 LS 1 $500.00 Substance Abuse Testing $70.00 EA 30 $2,100.00


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Superintendent Truck $190.00 Week/Each 96 $18,240.00 Sustainable Support $500.00 Week 96 $48,000.00 Telephone $204.00 Month 24 $4,896.00 Telephone Set-up $50.00 Per Visit 1 $50.00 Temp. Administrative $18.00 Hour 160 $2,880.00 Temporary Water $80.00 Month 24 $1,920.00 Trailer Security $100.00 Month 24 $2,400.00 Trailer Security- Install $150.00 LS 1 $150.00 Travel Expenses $60.00 Day 15 $900.00 LSDBE Communications Equipment $150.00 Month 24 $3,600.00 LSDBE Copier $143.00 Month 24 $3,432.00 LSDBE Extra Plans $70.00 Each 10 $700.00 LSDBE Field Office Toilet Maintenance $100.00 Month 24 $2,400.00 LSDBE Ice Cups Water $50.00 Month 24 $1,200.00 LSDBE M & E $25.00 Day 300 $7,500.00 LSDBE Office Supplies $85.00 Month 24 $2,040.00 LSDBE Postage/Expressage $200.00 Month 24 $4,800.00 LSDBE Preconstruction Reimbursement $200.00 Week 12 $2,400.00 LSDBE Signage $16.40 SF 20 $328.00 LSDBE Trailer Security $100.00 Month 24 $2,400.00 LSDBE Trailer Security Installation $150.00 LS 1 $150.00 $2,852,638.00

Construction Requirements Cost Unit Duration Total

Apprenticeship Program $500.00 Week 96 $48,000.00 Builders Risk Insurance 0.44% %Project $176,000.00 Clean Roads/Truck Washout $3.00 SF 2000 $6,000.00 Continuous Cleanup $23.04 MSF 31680 $729,907.20 Courier $50.00 Week 96 $4,800.00 D.I.C. Insurance 1.50% % Project $600,000.00 Dumpster $665.00 Week 96 $63,840.00 Dust Control $150.00 Day 48 $7,200.00 Elevator Protection $200.00 LS 1 $200.00 Equipment Floater Insurance 1% %Value $400,000.00 Extra Plans $70.00 Each 30 $2,100.00 Final Cleanup $47.45 MSF $15,658.50 Flagman $1,050.00 Week 48 $50,400.00


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General Safety $600.00 Week 96 $57,600.00

General Small Tools 1.25% Contractor's

Work $500,000.00 Ice, Cups, & Water $50.00 Month 24 $1,200.00 Laydown/Storage $500.00 Day 15 $7,500.00 Layout - Wall Check $1,050.00 Day 5 $5,250.00 Layout Engineering $1,450.00 Day 15 $21,750.00 Living Expense $500.00 Month 24 $12,000.00 LSDBE Dumpster $665.00 Week 96 $63,840.00 Meals/Entertainment $25.00 Day 600 $15,000.00 Misc. Hoisting $60.00 Day 30 $1,800.00 Misc. Permits/Fees 1.25 %Project $500,000.00 Off Site Data Storage $50.00 Month 24 $1,200.00 Project Signs - Owner $16.40 SF 30 $492.00 Quality Control $33,100.00 LS 1 $33,100.00 Road Barricades $38.50 LF 60 $2,310.00 Safety Equipment $200.00 Week 96 $19,200.00 Safety Foreman $1,375.00 Week 96 $132,000.00 Safety Program $100.00 Week 96 $9,600.00 Safety/OSHA Signs $30.00 Each 4 $120.00 Scaffolding $7.00 EA/Month 240 $1,680.00 Shops & Sheds $74.50 Month 24 $1,788.00 Stair Safety Rails $1,000.00 LS 1 $1,000.00 Subguard 2% % Project $800,000.00 Substance Abuse Testing $70.00 Each 30 $2,100.00 Temporary Fencing Lease $3.55 LF 1660 $5,893.00 Temporary Power $110.00 CSF Floor 3300 $363,000.00 Temporary Roads Maintenance $5.00 SF 16600 $83,000.00 Temporary Toilets $159.00 Month/Each 96 $15,264.00 Temporary Water $80.00 Month 24 $1,920.00 Trade Contractor Plans $70.00 Each 10 $700.00 Winter Conditions $0.95 SF 60000 $57,000.00 $4,821,412.70


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Research and Analysis Methods

Background: LEED stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and is a national standard for developing sustainable buildings that was designed by the United States Green Building Council (USGBC). LEED was created to “define “green building” and establish a common standard of measurement, recognize environmental leadership in the building industry, stimulate green competition, and raise consumer awareness of green building benefits.” In an effort to transform the building industry LEED creates a way to assess performance and meet sustainability goals in a number of areas. These areas include sustainable sites, water efficiency, materials and resources, indoor environmental quality, and energy and atmosphere. Four levels of LEED certification are available; Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum. The levels are based on the number of credits achieved out of a total of 69 available credits. Credits that are implemented on a project require documentation that is established by the USGBC. Once the project is complete this documentation is sent to the USGBC for review and a decision is made regarding the certification level.

Benefits of LEED: Building “green” offers life-cycle cost saving and user health benefits such as increasing indoor air quality and natural daylighting, amongst other things. However, owners who use the LEED standards of measuring green do benefit in other ways that depend on the perceptions of the market place. The benefits received from perceptions in the market place include third party validation for achievement, possibility of qualifying for a growing array of state and local government incentives, contributing to a growing knowledge base, a LEED Certification plaque to mount on building, an official certificate, and marketing exposure through USGBC web site, case studies, and media announcements.

Problem Statement: While the number of incentives for using the LEED standard is growing, it is not enough to get all of the projects who are registered with the USGBC to complete the certification process. Of the projects that register, approximately ten percent become certified. The main reason the certification process is not completed has to do with the added cost and time associated with becoming certified. Costs incurred include that of using the USGBC as a resource and an added 1-3% of additional building costs as opposed to that which would be spent if not building ‘green’. In addition, there are further costs associated with designer fees, such as LEED program research and client education, product research, project team management, special specification writing, design documentation of credits, etc.


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Research and Analysis Methods (cont.)

The construction manager or general contractor is also affected by the LEED process as extra staff and time must be dedicated to monitoring the rating system and preparing/collecting the correct documentation. Out of the ten percent of applicants who do receive certification, there is still a fraction who is not reaching their desired certification level or number of credits due to lack of and incorrect documentation. Green design has been incorporated into The Katzen Arts Center, although the building is not going for a LEED rating.

Goal: Research and determine the reasons behind the green friendly, but not LEED rated, design of The Katzen Arts Center. Identify what LEED points, if any, the project meets as designed and address possible points that could have been incorporated into the design prior to construction. In addition, a simplified, user friendly method for completing LEED credit documentation that will encourage and assist industry members to go for a LEED certification on projects will be developed. The focus will be on identifying the credits where documentation becomes a hindrance in achieving points and in reaching the desired level of LEED certification. To summarize, the research will focus on making the LEED certification more desirable to industry members who are currently not involved with green design, assist those that are with achieving all credits implemented on their projects, and streamline the certification process for the USGBC.

Objectives: 1. Contact the design team and construction manager regarding green influence in the design.

Determine the reasoning behind why a LEED certification was not desirable to the Owner. 2. Determine what LEED points the project meets as designed and second which points could

have been easily added during the design phase of the project. 3. Contact the USGBC for: -Statistics on LEED projects applicants versus actual project certifications -Credits most often applied for -Credits most often rejected due to poor/insufficient documentation -Reasoning behind why credits were objected -Number of rejected credits that were resubmitted and approved/dismissed -Reasoning behind second objection 4. Survey building industry members using the attached document to determine how they go about LEED credit documentation and their difficulties and hang-ups with the required documentation. 5. Research what is being developed by other groups to simplify the documentation process.


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Research and Analysis Methods (cont.)

6. Use USGBC and industry feedback and research discoveries to compile results and create a simplified documentation method. 7. Test new documentation method within the building industry to determine if it is effective. Send an additional survey for comments/suggestions. (Survey to be constructed at a later date.) 8. Revise documentation method based on second industry survey.


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Jessica A. Potkovick

The Pennsylvania State University Architectural Engineering

Option: Construction Management

Firm Name: _______________________________________________________________ Survey Completed By: ________________________________________________________ Email: __________________________ Phone Number: ____________________________ The goal of this survey is to obtain an understanding of the LEED credit documentation process. The following questions will aid me in determining the documentation that hinders people from achieving the desired level of certification or credits. What level of involvement have you had on a LEED rated project(s)? Response: Who was responsible for credit documentation and managing the rating system? Response: What methods were used to keep track of the required documentation? Response: What were the advantages/disadvantages of this method? Response: What credits (if any) were rejected by the USGBC? If credits were rejected, did it have to do with documentation? How so? Response: If you answered yes to above: Were you able to achieve the credit(s) after resubmitting the documentation? Response:

Thank you for your time. Please make any comments or suggestions below.