the kidney and nephron chapter 20
DESCRIPTION
The Kidney and Nephron Chapter 20. Location. Kidney Structure. Kidney Function. Regulate volume, composition, and pH of body fluids Remove metabolic wastes from blood and excrete (mainly N and S compounds from protein metabolism) Control rate of rbc formation -erythropoietin - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Kidney and NephronChapter 20
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Location
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Kidney Function Regulate volume, composition, and pH of
body fluids Remove metabolic wastes from blood and
excrete (mainly N and S compounds from protein metabolism)
Control rate of rbc formation -erythropoietin
Regulate blood pressure - renin Absorbs Ca2+ and activates vitamin D
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Dialysis
Peritoneal Dialysis
Hemodialysis
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Blood Supply
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Renal Artery & Vein = contain 15-30% of total cardiac output
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Nephron
aka -Loop of Henle
aka –Bowman’s Capsule
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Glomerulus
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Glomerulus
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Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
Renin secretion – regulates [Na+ ] and therefore, blood volume
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Collecting Duct = simple cuboidal epithelium
Tubules D=distal P=proximal
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Urine Formation
180 L of fluids are filtered every
24 hours!
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Urine Formation Overview
Blood pressure causes filtration by size of molecule
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Blood Filtration
WaterElectrolytesGlucoseUrea
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Urine Composition
Urea By- product of aa catabolism Reflects amt. of protein in
diet Contributes to water
reabsorption
Uric Acid By- product of nucleic acid
catabolism (A & G) Filtered out in glomerulus Cause of Gout
Creatinine• Waste product of muscle action
90% is Water• Volume varies with fluid intake and
environment
Trace amounts of:• Amino acids, electrolyes, glucose
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Gout
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Gout
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Urinary Excretion in Nephron
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ADH – antidiuretic hormone
Regulates water volume - Makes DCT permeable to water for reabsorption
Secreted when dehydrated = more concentrated urine
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Caffeine
AlcoholDecreases ADH, which decreases water reabsorption
Decreases Na+ absorption, which decreases amount of water you will hold.
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Kidney Stones