the kingdom fungi - class...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Kingdom Fungi
Mysterious Molds,Mildews, Yeasts,And Mushrooms
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Fungi are their own Kingdom
Kingdom FungiEukaryoticHeterotrophicCan be either unicellular or multicellularHave cell walls made of chitin (tough carbohydrate)
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Kingdom Fungi is Diverse!
Kingdom Fungi is a diverse kingdom!
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Fungal Structure
Hyphae: thread-like filamentsMycelium: A mat of many hyphaeSpores: reproductive cells of fungi
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Mushroom StructureCapGills: spores are produced and drop from the gillsStipe: stem, formed from mycelium (many hyphae filaments)Ring (annulus)
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Fungi are Heterotrophs
Fungi must consume foodFungi are NOT plants
Plants make their own food from light energy
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Fungi NutritionFungi absorb food from their environment
Large organic molecules (like carbohydrates) are broken down by enzymes
The small, broken down molecules then diffuse in
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Many Fungi are Decomposers
Decomposers break down, or decompose, the bodies of dead organismsNutrients are returned to the soil by decomposers
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Fungi are Saprophytes or Parasites
Parasitic fungi absorb nutrients from a living host
Athlete's foot
Saprophytic fungi absorb nutrients from a dead host
Decomposers
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Reproduction in FungiCan be sexual or asexualAsexual: budding or sporesSexual: spores formed from 2 different fungal gametes
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Yeasts Reproduce by Budding
Budding: part of the cell pinches off to form a new one
Budding yeasts
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Fungi are Important to the Environment
Nutrient RecyclersPartner with other organisms in symbiotic relationships
Both partners benefitLichens: fungi + algaeMycorrhizae: plant + fungi
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Fungi Are Useful to Humans
Many foods Mushrooms, some cheeses, yeasts used in baking, brewing, wine-making
Medical uses the antibiotic penicillin is a fungal product
Yeast used in ethanol production
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Classification-due to reproduction
Zygomycota – spores in spheres on filament
Ex: bread mold
Ascomycota – spores in saclike structure (ascus)
Ex: yeast, morels
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Classification-cont.
Basidiomycota – spores on clublike structures
Ex: mushrooms
Deuteromycota – asexual reproduction only
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Morel
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Gyromitra, false morel
!Not safe to eat!When cooked it
produces a volatile toxin called monomethyl hydrozine that is used in rocket fuel! (not safe to inhale)
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Death Cap!Most poisonous mushroom in North
America!Half a cap is enough to kill a human