the kyoto protocol and copenhagen climate change conference ib geography i
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Kyoto Protocol and Copenhagen Climate Change Conference IB Geography I](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022033012/56649f1c5503460f94c33128/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Kyoto Protocol and Copenhagen Climate Change Conference
IB Geography I
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Essential QuestionsWrite these questions down, and we will answer them
at the end…
• How successful have we been at the global level to combat climate change?
• What stands in the way of having greater commitment at the global scale?
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Take 1 minute to write 1 claim related trend found in this graph…
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Take 1 minute to write 1 claim related to patterns found in this graph…
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Kyoto Protocol. What is it? • The Kyoto Protocol is part of the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC), and is aimed at fighting global warming.
• The UNFCCC is an international environmental treaty with the goal of achieving "stabilization of greenhouse gases concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic (human) interference with the climate system."
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Who?
• The Protocol was initially adopted in December of 1997 in Kyoto, Japan and entered into force in February of 2005.
• As of July 2010, 191 states have signed and ratified the protocol.
• Unfortunately, the US which is one of the world's biggest polluters, signed but decided not to ratify the treaty.
• Canada withdrew from it in 2011.
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Kyoto Protocol Countries
Green: Signed and Ratified Orange: Signed and did not Ratify Red: Signed and Withdrew Purple: Signed but with no binding targets
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The Details
• Under the Protocol, countries commit themselves to a reduction of four greenhouse gases (GHG) (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulphur hexaflouride)
• Countries also agreed to reduce their collective greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2% from the 1990 level.
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Is it working?
• The Kyoto Protocol, while well intentioned, would appear to be doomed to failing its objectives even before the 2008-2012 averaging period commences.
• Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are rising at a frightening rate with no sign of slowing. Global temperatures are continuing to rise.
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Video
• CNN: The History of the Kyoto Protocol • http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/tech/200
9/12/06/coren.kyoto.backgrounder.cnn
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Copenhagen. What is it? • The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference,
commonly known as the Copenhagen Summit, was held in Copenhagen, Denmark between 7 December and 18 December.
• The Copenhagen Accord was drafted by the US, India, China, Brazil and South Africa on December 18, and judged a "meaningful agreement" by the United States government.
• It was "taken note of", but not "adopted", in a debate of all the participating countries the next day, and it was not passed unanimously.
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The Details
• The document recognized that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the present day and that actions should be taken to keep any temperature increases to below 2°C.
• The document is not legally binding and does not contain any legally binding commitments for reducing CO2 emissions.
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Finding Agreements
• Climate change agreements have proved difficult to achieve because MEDC and LEDC cannot find agreement on cuts.
• MEDCs are the biggest polluters so should reduce emissions.
• However, LEDCs say they should be given the right to develop (and pollute) just like MEDCs have in the past.
• MEDCs argue that this unfair and will give LEDCs a competitive advantage and that everyone should make cuts.
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Close Reading Activity
• Close read “What did the Copenhagen climate summit achieve?” from BBC News. (8 min)
• In elbow partners discuss the questions (3 minutes):– What was the most important thing Copenhagen
changed about how we combat climate change? – What is the most important thing Copenhagen did
not change about how we combat climate change?
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Essential Questions Revisited Use evidence from Kyoto and Copenhagen to discuss
these questions with elbow partners. (4 minutes)
• How successful have we been at the global level to combat climate change?
• What stands in the way of having greater commitment at the global scale?