the leadership of two characters in …

e-ISSN 2549-7715 | Volume 4 | Nomor 2 | April 2020 | Hal: 300-314

Terakreditasi Sinta 4

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THELEADERSHIPOFTWOCHARACTERSINTRANSFORMERSMOVIE

BarunaHardiantoro,SinggihDaruKuncara,RirinSetyowati

EnglishDepartment,FacultyofCulturalSciencesMulawarmanUniversity

Email:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Thisresearchstudiedthecharacteroftwoleaders inTransformersmovie. TherearesixmoviesofTransformers,butthewriteronlytookfourmoviessquealastheobjectresearchisbecausethechangedstoryandcharacterinthefifthandthesixthmovies.ThesubjectofthisresearchisOptimusandMegatroncharacter.Therearetwoobjectives in this research, the first is the leadershipof two leaders and thesecondisthecharacteroftwoleaders.ThewriterusedtheleadershiptheoryintothreecategoriesthefirstcategoryisDilts’modelofleadership,thesecondcategoryisDavis’formofleadershiptheoryandthethirdcategoryisStogdill’scharacteristicof leadership. Meanwhile to find the character of two leaders, the writer usedJohnson’sindirectcharacterizationtheorythatconsistsoffivemethodsnamelyisspeech, thoughts, effect to other characters, action and looks. This research iscategorizedasdescriptivequalitativethatconsiststodataintheformofwordsandsentences. The data are dialog of script inmovie. The results of this study, thewriterfoundthedifferentleadershipandcharactertwoleaders.Thewriterfoundtheir characters and leaderships by seeing the interaction between leader andfollower inmovies. Optimus Prime’s leadership categorizes inmacro leadership,leadership positive form and all of leadership characteristic. Optimus charactersdefinedasmoralcharacter.MeanwhileMegatron’sleadershipcategorizesinmetaleadership,leadershipnegativeformandallofleadershipcharacteristic.Megatroncharactersdefinedasimmoralcharacter.Keyword:leadership,leader,qualitativeresearch,Transformersmovie

ABSTRAK

Penelitian inimempelajari tentang dua karakter pemimpin di filem Transformers.Ada enam filem Transformers, tetapi penulis hanya mengambil empat dari filemtersebut karena perubahan cerita dan karakter pada filem kelima dan keenam.Subjek penelitian ini adalah karakterOptimusPrime danMegatron. Terdapat duaobjektifdaripenelitian ini,pertamaadalahkepemimpinandariduapemimpindanyangkeduaadalahkarakterdariduapemimpin.Penulismenggunakantigakategoriteori kepemimpinan, kategori pertama adalah model kepemimpinan dari Dilts,



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kategorikeduaadalahbentukkepemimpinandariDavisdankategoriketigaadalahkarakteristik kepimpinan dari Stogdill. Sementara itu untukmenemukan karakterdua pemimpin, penulis menggunakan teori karakter tidak langsung oleh Johnsonyang terdiri dari lima metode yaitu, perkataan, pemikiran, efek ke karakter lain,tindakandanpenampilan.Penelitianinidikategorikansebagaipenelitiankualitatifdeskriptifyangberacuanpadadatayangberbentukkata–katadankalimat.Datapenelitian iniadalah skrip filem.Penulismenemukankarakterdankepemimpinanmereka dengan melihat interaksi antara pemimpin dan pengikut didalam filem.KepemimpinanOptimusPrimedikategorikansebagaikepemimpinanmacro,bentukkepemimpinan positif dan masuk dalam semua kategori karakteristikkepemimpinan. Karakter Optimus didefinisikan sebagai karakter yang bermoral.SementaraitukepemimpinanMegatrondikategorikansebagaikepemimpinanmeta,bentuk kepemimpinan negative dan masuk dalam semua karakteristikkepemimpinan. Karakter Megatron didefinisikan sebagai karakter yang tidakbermoral.

Kuncikata:kepemimpinan,pemimpin,penelitiankualitatif,filmTransformers

A. INTRODUCTION

Literarywork is awork that relevantwith thewords as rawmaterial tocreate a story in a meaningful pattern. The literary work can be a drama, afiction, essays, biography or journalism and so on. The fiction text usuallyrelated to the imagination of the writer. Meanwhile, the non-fiction textreferred to real facts without involving thewriter imagination. The study ofliteraryworkisrelatedtothewayofliteratepersonseesandanalysestheworkinquestion.Itissameaboutthestudyoffilm.

Film or movie is similar to fiction text like novels or short stories. It isincluded the same genres such as: romantic, historical, detective, thriller,adventure,horrorandsciencefiction.Alongwiththeliteraryelementssuchasplot, setting, characterization, structure, and theme, there aremany differentfilmtechniquesthatusedtotellthestoryornarrative.Filmusedthetechniquesinelementofsound,music,lighting,cameraangles,andediting(Bork).

Transformersmovie isdirectedbyMichelBayandcamewithsix squealsmovie but the writer only took four squeals for research. The reason isbecause the changed character in the rest squeals. The original story ofTransformerscamefromHasbro.ThismoviehastwomaincharactersnamelyisOptimusPrimeasprotagonistandMegatronas theantagonist.These twocharactershave the same role as the leader.Thismovie story is focusedonconflictbetweentwogroupsalienthat leadedbythesetwoleaders.Inorder



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to fulfill thepurposeofeachother, these leadersaretriedtowinanddefeateachother.Intheplotofstorywhichshowsmanyscenesthatrelatedtothesecharacters,isusedtoanswertheresearchquestions.

Leaderandleadershipareconnectingeachother.Itistheleader’swayto

leadhis follower.As the subjectof this research, the two leadershave theirown leadership to lead their follower. Meanwhile within their leadership,there is nature of leaderwhichportrayed in it. Every leader has hisway ofleadership because every leader tends to has different perspective. Thisresearchisdividedtheresearchquestionintotwocategories,thefirstiswhatkindof leadershipthat thetwomaincharactersusedandthesecond ishowthecharacterofthesetwoleadersintheirleadership.

Leadershipand literaryworkareconnectingeachother.The leadership is

referred to leader’swayand leader isreferred to thepersonor thecharacterrolelikeinliterarywork.Meanwhileinliterarywork,charactercanbedefinedasanyperson,animal,orfigurerepresentedinaliterarywork.Soleadershipisapartofthecharacterinliterarywork.Sincetheliteraryworkisafictiontextthat related as any kind of imaginative re-creation of life. The leadershiptheories in this research classify into several categories namelymodel, formandcharacteristicof leadership.ThisresearchusedDilts’modelof leadershiptheory, Davis’ form of leadership theory and Stogdill’s characteristic ofleadershiptheory.Meanwhiletodefinedtwoleaders’character,thewriterusedliteraturetheorysuchascharacterization.

B. RELATEDLITERATURE1. Literaryworks

Literary works are often classified as fiction because they involved animagination of writer in it. As an element of imagination, a film can also becategorized as fiction in literary works. In film, there are plays or act like adrama and there is a story in textually like a novel. In otherwords, film is amodern literarywork. The fiction idea comes fromwriter imaginationwhichhas events that never actually happen in real life, someof the fictionwritersaimtoseekfordemonstratingmeaningfulinsightintothehumanconditioninimplicitly(Hallett1).

Characters in fiction can be conveniently classified asmajor,minor, staticand dynamic. A major character is an important figure at the center of thestory’sactionortheme.Themajorcharacterissometimescalledaprotagonist,which conflictwithanantagonist andmayspark the stories conflict.Theonewho supports the major character is secondary or minor characters whosefunctionispartlytoilluminatethemajorcharacters.Minorcharactersareoftenstaticorunchanging:theyremainthesamefromthebeginningofaworktotheend. Dynamic characters, on the other hand, exhibit some kind of change ofattitude,purpose,behavior,asthestoryprogresses.



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Characterization means which writers present and reveal characters bydirectdescription,byshowingthecharacterinaction,orbythepresentationofothercharactersthathelptodefineeachother(Hallett1).Therearetwotypesof characterization, direct and indirect. Direct characterization tells theaudience what the personality of the characters directly ratherthan use animplicitideaaboutpersonalitycharacters(Hallett 1).Indirectcharacterizationshows personality features of character or indirectly shows personality fromcharacters.Therearefivedifferentmethodsof indirectcharacterization,oftenremembered by the acronym STEAL (speech, thought, effect on othercharacter,actionandlooks)

Genremeansatypeofart,literature,ormusicthatcharacterizedbyspecificform,content,andstyle.Forexample, literaturehasfourmaingenres:poetry,drama, fiction, and non-fiction. In this case, film is similar to fiction text likenovelandshortstories.Infilmandfictiontextareincludethesamegenressuchas:romantic,historical,detective,thriller,adventure,horrorandsciencefiction.However, film also included sub-group of genre such as: action, comedy,tragedy,westernandwar(Bork2)

The irony isnotsomuchanelementof fictionasahiddenquality in it. Itmayappearinfictioninthreeways:inawork’slanguage,initsincidents,orinitspointofview.Ironyalwaysinvolvesacontrastordiscrepancybetweenonething and another. The contrast may be between what is said and what ismeant (verbal irony),what is expected tohappenandwhat actuallyhappens(situationalirony)orbetweenwhatacharacterbelievesorsaysandwhatthereaderunderstandstobetrue(dramaticirony)(Hallett1).

Theplot is theactionelement in fiction, is thearrangementofevents thatmake up a story. Many fictional plots turn on conflict, or struggle betweenopposingforces,thatisusuallyresolvedbytheendofthestory.Plothasthreemain parts: rising action, climax, and falling action leading to a resolution ordenouement.

Settingisadescriptionofwhereandwhenthestorytakesplace.Themajorelements of setting are the time, the place, and the social environment thatframes the characters. Setting is a fundamental aspect of fiction, along withplot,character,theme,andstyle.Thesettingprovidesthebackdroptothestoryandhelpscreateamood(Hallett2).

A symbol is a person, object, image, word, or vent that evoke a range ofadditional meanings beyond and usually more abstract that is literalsignificance. Symbols are devices for evoking meanings that are widelyrecognizedbyasocietyorculture(Hallett2).

Aconflict in literature isdefinedasanystrugglebetweenopposing forces.Usually, themaincharacterstrugglesagainstsomeotherforce.Therearetwotypes of conflict, the first is an internal conflict and the second is externalconflict.Theinternalconflictisthestrugglethatoccursinsideacharacterandtheusually isprotagonistormaincharacter.Theexternalconflict isaconflictthatoccursintheoutsideofprotagonistcharacter.



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2. Leadership

Leadershipisawayforpeopletoleadandinfluenceotherstoreachagoalor purpose. According to Dilts, leadership is essentially related to a person'sskills, abilities, and degree of influence (5). Another opinion with the samepointwithDilts,Eisenhowerisfamouslyquotedassaying“leadershipistheartofgettingsomeoneelsetodosomethingyouwanttobedonebecausehewantsto do it.” other same point opinion by Stogdill “Leadership is the process ofinfluencegroupactivitiestowardgoalsettingandgoalachievement”.

a. LeadershipModelLeadershipModelhelpedtheresearchertounderstandwhichmodelthat

matcheswiththetwocharacters.Ithelpedtheresearcherfindstheanswertothe first researchquestion that relevant to the characteristicof leadershipbytwo characters. There are three categories namelymeta, macro andmicroleadership.Metaleadershipisaleadershipthatmakesleaderandfollowerhaveone vision and share the enthusiastic or joy to reach that vision. Macroleadershipisaleadershipactivitythatcaninfluenceindividualsbylinkingthemto the entity – be it thewhole organization or just a division, department orgroup.Theleaderinfluencestheindividualbysupplyingthesubordinateswithanswerstosuchquestionsaswhatthisorganizationisallabout.WheredoIfitin?HowamIvaluedandjudged?Whatisexpectedofme?WhyshouldIcommitmyself? In the process, the leader creates a committed member of theorganization(3).Microleadershipisfocusesonthechoiceofleadershipstyletocreate an efficient working atmosphere and obtain willing cooperation ingettingthejobdonebyadjustingone’sstyleonthetwindimensionsoftaskandrelationshipbehavior.

b. LeadershipFormThere are two categorizes in leadership form namely, positive and

negative leadership.Inthispositiveleadership, leadersgiveafunctionforhisfollowerasanelementofasuccessfulgoal.Aleadernotonlygiveanorder,buthe gives explain, needs and freedom to his followers to do their job. In thisnegative leadership, leaders use his power to make his follower afraid andfollowhislead.Theorderfromtheleaderisabsolutemusttheydo.

c. LeadershipCharacteristicThereare fourcategorizes in leadershipcharacteristicnamely, leadership

asformofpersuasion,aspersonality,asactorbehaviorandaspowerofrelation. Leadership as form of persuasion means to do act to persuade,influenceorconvincepeopletofollowthesameway.HoweverItdifferentcasewith persuasion in leadership, it required "communication skill andcharismatic"fromthecertainleader(Bao12).Leadershipaspersonalitymeansthe"abilityto influence”. Itreferstopersonalability, therefore leadership isa



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wayofleadertoleadpeopleand“leadershipismadenotborn”(Dilts2).Everyleader has their own way of leadership and it different from each other.Leadershipasactorbehaviormeanshowleaderdoestowardtheirfollowerinhis leadership.Leadershipaspowerof relationmeans leadership isaprocessthatmadeaconnectionorrelation.Intheleadershipprocess, interactionistobuildaconnectiontogaintrust.

C. RESEARCHMETHOD

This research method is categorized as literary research that concernedwith “defining, classifying, analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating works ofliterature” (Abrams 49). This research is descriptive qualitativeresearch.According to Jones and Bartlett, qualitative method is a researchmethodthatinvestigatestheexperience,socialprocesses,andsubcultureoftheresearch object. Furthermore, the result of the data would be presented informsofwordsandsentencesinsteadofnumericaldata(38).

The main data source is the movies script of Transformers 1 – 4 thatdirectedbyMichaelBayandTransformersPrimefromHasbro.Thedatawriterisnarrationandactioninfilms.Thewriterchoosesthesedatasourcebecauseitis strongly related to the research main question which explains about twoleader characters and their leadership. The data is in form of words frommovie’sscript.

ThewriterobservedthefilmTransformerstogatherrelateddataasmanyaspossible.Therearea fewstepsthat thewriterdoes; the firststepsthewriterwatchedthefilmwhilereadingthescript.Thesecondsteps,thewritertookanotetowritetheimportantaction,wordsfrommovie’sscript.

The beginning of data collection is data reduction; the writer selected,focusedandclassifiedthenecessarydata.Thewritertakesthelistdatarelevantand discards unnecessary data. The next in data display, the writer isorganized, compressed and assembled all the information that permitsconclusiondrawing.Thedatawhichhasbeencollectedisorganizedaccordancetotheirfunction.Thesestepsarehelpsthewritertofindaconclusiveanswerfromtheresearchquestion.ThisresearchusedtheTriangulation.Itismethodofvalidatingresearchby

used variation of statement to strengthen other statement and make it atrustedresearch.AccordingtoYasmin,Triangulationisaprocessofverificationthatincreasesvaliditybyincorporatingseveralviewpointsandmethods

D. FINDINGANDDISCUSSION1. OptimusPrimeLeadershipandCharacter



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a. LeadershipModelMacro leadership is fitted to be themodel of Optimus Prime’s leadership

because he made his followers affected with the persuasive answers. It isshowninthedialogbelow:

IronHide :Whyarewefightingtosavethehumans?Theyare

primitiveandviolencespecies.”(01:34:20)Optimus :Werewesodifferent?They’reayoungspecies.

Theyhavemuchtolearn.ButI'veseengoodnessinthem.”(01:34:30)

Thesettingofthisscenetellstheaudienceabouttheeventthathappensor

develops in the characters. The event when Optimus’ follower catches byhuman.Thissettingreferstothesocialenvironmentbecausethissceneleadstosocialsettingthatmakesthecharacterdevelopbytheevent.Thedirector creates this event tomake the audienceknowhow themain

character acts toward this event. The element of fiction, irony is alwaysinvolves a contrast or discrepancy between one thing and another. Thecontrast or discrepancy refers to Optimus’ followers that states about thehuman.Theirwordsarethatactuallythecontrastofwhat issaidandwhatismeant.Thiseventrelatedwithverbal ironythatreferstothelastsentenceinthisscene.Itreferstowhatactualhappens.Optimus Prime’s leadership showed the power of persuasion to his

comradeandraisingtheirteamworkatmosphere.Heansweredthequestionofhis comrades when they felt unsure about something for instances; theirreasontofight.Thereasonwhytheyfelt likethatisbecauseoftheir leader’sattitudetowardthehuman.WhenOptimusansweredthequestion,itreferstothe definition of macro leadership that is stated “The leader influences theindividualbysupplyingthesubordinateswiththeiranswers”.

b. LeadershipFormOptimusPrime’sformofleadershipisfittedwithpositiveform.Thisform

defined leadership as a leader who gave a function for his follower as anelementofasuccessfulgoal.Aleaderdidnotonlygiveanorder,buthegaveanexplanation,needs,andfreedomstohisfollowertodotheirjob.Itisshowninthescenebelow:Bumblebee :Permissiontospeak,sir?(02:12:49)Optimus:Permissiongranted,oldfriend.(02:12:52)

Bumblebee :Iwishtostaywiththeboy.(02:12:57)Sam :Ifthathischoice(02:13:00)



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Optimus :*OptimusallowedBumblebeewishtostaywithSam ThisscenewastakenfromthefinalsceneofTransformersfirstmovie.This

plotisfallingactionattheendofmovie.Bumblebee,oneofOptimus’followerswas asking a request to Optimus. He wanted to stay with the boy (SamWitwicky) in the earth. The verbal irony refers toOptimus’ choicewhen hegranted his followerwish. He sayswhat actual hemeans in hiswords. Thechoice of Optimus to grant Bumblebee wishes referred to the definition ofpositive leadershipwhich state that “leader gives needs and freedom to hisfollower”. He gave his follower the freedom to make a choice, rather thanforcedthemtodotheirjob.

c. LeadershipCharacteristicI. Leadershipaspersuasion

Optimus Prime characters as a leader showed this quality in a scene thatmatchedwiththischaracteristic.Thescenewhereheisconvincedhisfollowertounderstandhiscommand.Itwasshownthroughinthedialogbelow: Jazz :Optimus,arewejustgonnastandhereanddonothing?

(01:28:49) Optimus :There’snowaytofreeBumblebeewithoutharming

thehumans.”(01:28:55) Jazz :Butit'snotright.He...(01:28:59) Optimus :Letthemleave.(01:29:02)This isa conversationbetweenOptimusandhis follower (Jazz), this isan

indication fromthecharacteristicof leadership formofpersuasion. Jazzwhowasaskingaboutthereasonofhiscommandbefore,askedagaintoOptimus.ItlookedlikeheisstillcannotacceptthereasonthatOptimusgavetohimbefore.JazzaskedagainwiththesamequestionaboutBumblebeewhohasbeentakenbythehumans.HethoughtthatBumblebeewillbecomehumanexperimentifhe was not saved. Optimus tried to give a reason to make his followerunderstand.He said, “Bumblebeewill die invain ifwedon’t accomplish ourmission, it is what Bumblebee wants to sacrifice himself”. The reason thatOptimusgavethisansweristoconvincethemtonotbreakingtheteam.

II. LeadershipasPersonalityLeadership is the ability to influence others. The words “ability to

influence”inheremeanspersonalability.Itcanbelearnedandcopiedfromsomeone..ThescenebelowisaconversationbetweenOptimusandSentinelin Transformers (Dark of the Moon). This conversation referred to thedefinitionofleadershipaspersonality.



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Optimus :Youwereourleader,Sentinel.Itisyourrighttoleadusagain(00:57:04)

Sentinel : In a world I do not know, I am no longer yourteacher,Optimusyouaremine.(00:57:10)

Thisscene toldusabout theconnectionbetweenOptimusandhismentor

(Sentinel). As a student of Sentinel, Optimus tried to give leader position toSentinel, because he respected him as his mentor but Sentinel refusedOptimus’offer.Optimus’leadershipismixedtogetherwiththewayhisteachertaught to him, for instances “freedom is for anybody” that he mentions inTransformersDarkofthemoonand“fightsfortheweak”(02:16:13).

III. LeadershipasActorBehaviorThis characteristic can only be seen in the follower's eyes. This scene

showedOptimusindirectlyacknowledgedbyhisfollowerandthoughthimasaworthy leader.This is the scenewhenhe cameback fromhishidingandcallingtherestofAutobots,inthescenetheTransformersAgeofExtinction:

Optimus :CallingallAutobots.CallingallAutobots.(00:51:16)Hound :Oh,yeah!Hell,yeah!He'sback!He'salive!Optimusishere!(00:52:37)Drift :Atlast.Thereishopeafterall.(00:52:55)Crosshairs :Yeah.Mr.LeaderoftheFreeGalaxyisback.Iknew

you'dmakeit.Ineverdoubted.(00:53:18)

ThisscenetoldusabouthowexcitedOptimus’ followersafterknownhisleaderwerestillalive.TheyallknewhowgreatOptimusPrimeasa leader.ThatiswhytheyfeltexcitedtomeetOptimusagain.

IV. LeadershipasPowerofRelation

Thepowerofrelationmadeleaderjobeasierforleadertoinfluenceothers.Sharma says “Normally the greater the interaction, the greater the liking”(see in pages 18). So in order tomake a good connectionwith others, theleadershipprocessesbyinteractingwithsomeonefirst.Inthisstory,OptimusPrimemadethefirstcontactwithahumanforhismission.Optimus :“MynameisOptimusPrimetheleaderofAutobot”thefirst

timeOptimusmeetswithSamandintroducedhimself(01:04:01)HemadeacontactwithSamWitwickyandhetoldhimabouthismission

and his identity. In order tomake relationwith human, Optimus told SamabouthisreasoncomingtoearthandhetoldthatAutobotswerenotathreatforhuman.

d. Optimus’CharacterinHisLeadership



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Optimus Prime is a moral character. The definition of moral characterrefers topersonalhistoryofhonesty, fairness, and respect for the rightsofothers and for state and federal law (Cohen 8). Another said that moralcharacteristheexistenceofintegrity,courage,fortitude,honesty,andloyalty(John).Thesedefinitionshavethesamepointthatreferstomoralcharacters.Sothedefinitionofmoralcharactersistheexistenceofhonesty,fairness,andrespectfortherights,integrity,courage,fortitude,andloyalty.MoralcharacterinOptimus’dialogscriptdescribedthroughofhishonest

andrespect for therightsofothers.Thehonestyshown inhiswords“werewesodifferent”(01:34:30),Optimuswantedto lethisfollowersknowaboutthenatureofhisraceandthehumanracearesame,hehonestlytoldthetruthandthefactofwhattheyare.Anotheraspectofmoralcharacteristherespectfortherightsofotherswhichisshowninthiswords“theyareyoungspecies,much to learnandstillhavegoodness in them” ” (01:34:33),Byseeing thisaspectofhuman,OptimusPrimeknewthathumanalsohastheirrighttoliveandchange.Nomatterhowbadtheywerebefore,Optimusstillbelievethathumancanbegood.2. MegatronLeadershipandCharactera. LeadershipModel

MetaleadershipisfittedtobeamodelofMegatron’sleadership.AccordingtoDilts, thismodel explainedabout a leaderwho shared the enthusiastic orjoy with his follower by linking individual vision into leader vision. TheLeader,whosharedhisvisionsuchasaplantohisfollower,hasportrayedinMegatron’sactioninthescenebelow:

Startscream :SowhenSentinelleftCybertron,Itwastodefect?(01:15:06)Megatron :HewasmeanttomeetwithmehereonEarth.The

only way to revive him, we needed Prime and hisMatrix.(01:15:10)

Starscream : Excellent strategy so impressive my master!Suchabrilliantscheme(01:15:22)

Afterhearingtheirleader’sbrilliantplan,StarscreamandotherMegatron’s

followers praised him and replied with joy. By sharing leader vision, it canunitethefollowervisiontowardthesamewayastheirleader.Inhisfollowerwords, it showedhowhis followers felt enthusiasticor joyafterhearing theplan. This reaction from his follower is really described well in Megatron’smetaleadership.b. LeadershipForm

Megatron leadership form is negative leadership. This form is leadershipaboutaleaderthatusedhispowertomakehisfollowerafraidandfollowhisorder.Theorder froma leader isanabsolute thing theymustdo.This scene



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below showed how he used his power to intimidate his follower inTransformers2RevengeoftheFallen:

Starscream :LordMegatron,Iwassorelievedtohearofyourresurrection.(00:41:36)

Megatron :Youleftmetodieonthatpatheticinsectplanet.(00:41:41)

ThisisthescenewhenMegatronisresurrectedbyhisfollowerafterlostthefightwithOptimus.MegatroncamehometothebaseofDecepticons.Thenhemet his secondary commando (Starscream) who welcomed him. The upsetfeeling that Megatron had toward Starscream came because Starscream lefthim behind and died on the earth. Megatron is violating his followerStarscream.Hediditonpurposeforkeepingonhisfollowerloyaltytohim.

c. LeadershipCharacteristicI. LeadershipasPersuasion

In Megatron’s characters, persuasion is not important if not reallynecessary. He used violencemore to gain something, but therewas a scenewhereMegatron used the persuasion. This is the scenewhen he negotiatedwithSentinelPrimeaboutcertainconditiontoworktogether.ThescenebelowisinTransformers3TheDarkofTheMoon:

Megatron :ThisisthevictoryIpromisedyousomanyyearsago,wherewerebuildCybertrontogether!(01:42:18)

Sentinel :Ihavedeignedtoworkwithyouthatourplanetmaysurvive!(01:42:28)

Megatron’swordsmentionabouthispromisewithSentinellongtimeago,hemade a promise for cooperatedwith Sentinel or hepersuaded Sentinel.Even thoughMegatron oftenused violence to gain something, sometimeshealso used the power of persuasion to get what he wants. The reason hepersuadedSentinelbecauseheknewthatnootheroptiontowinthesolutionandSentinelistheonlyonewhoknewwhatMegatronwanted.

II. LeadershipasPersonalityLeadership as personality refers to the personal ability of the leader.

Megatron’s leadership used violence toward his follower but it is probablybecausehelearneditfromsomeone.Theleadershipthathelearnedinfluencesthewayandhowheleadshisfollower.ThisscenebelowtellsaboutMegatron’smentor,hementionsthethingsthathetaughttoMegatron

Megatron :Mymaster,Ifailedyouonearth(00:42:10)TheFallen :YouhavemuchtolearnMydisciple(00:42:20)

(TheFallenrepliesandmentionthatMegatronishisdisciple.Hetellshimtolearnfromhismistake).



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ThisdialogreferredtotheFallenthatmentionMegatronishis“disciple”.So, in other words, he taught something to Megatron. In the story ofMegatron’s past, there is a character that he inspired and learned to be likehim,thatiswhythereasonhebecomebadcharacter.SowhatMegatrondidasaleaderorhischaracterisreflectedfromwhathelearned.

III. LeadershipasActorBehaviorLeadership is a leader’sway to lead a group of people to reach certain

purpose. It can be seen as an act or behavior from the leader toward hisfollower. This characteristic only can be seen in the follower's eyes. InMegatron’scases,hischaracteristicdescribedasastrongandcapableleader.Theabilityhehadmadehisfollowersdecidedtoapprovehimastheirleader.First,Megatronthestrongestcharacteramongthem,“heisthechampionof

gladiatorinCybertron”(Ratched,TransformerPrimeSeriesep:26).Second,heis not only strong, but Megatron is also clever characters. It made thepossibilityofwinningwashigherwithMegatronAll in all,whenwe see leader’s capability inMegatron, others believed to

follow the strongest side to win or to their own safety and also thought tofollowhisleadbecausetheintellectthathehadtowinthiswar.

IV. LeadershipasPowerofRelationInordertomakethejobofleadereasier,thisleadershipneedsinteraction

first and it depends onwhat kind of the interaction. So it canmake a goodconnectiontogainatrust.InMegatron’cases,whathedidmaynotbeagoodinteractiontogaintrust.Hedidtheinteractiontowardsomehumanbygainingtheconnectionafterthreateningthem.Hesuggestedasafetyrewardtothemandwouldnotkillthemiftheydidnotrefuse.

In the scene when Megatron ordered his minions to threaten someonecalled Jerry Wang to do something (Megatron’s minion threateningsomeone, 00:43:04, Threaten Transformers, Dark of the Moon Movie,MichealBay). Hemade a dealwith thisman, to guarantee his life if hedidwhateverheorderedto. In theend, thismanbetrayedMegatron’ordersandplannedtotakebackhisfreedombyexposingMegatron’splantoSam.

In another scene of interaction that Megatron did but with differentmethod insteadof using threatThe interaction in this sceneused aprofit ofrewardfromworkingtogether(Dylanproclaimshimselfasaloyalfollower,01:15:06,proclaim (Transfomers, The Dark of the MoonMovie, MichealBay).Inotherwords,Megatronsuggestedarewardforworktohim.IntheendDylandidnotbetrayMegatronuntiltheendofhislifebecausehefollowedhisdesire to live in thenewworld.He isdifferentwithWang,hechoosesa sidebecauseofhisownwill.

Allinall,thedifferentkindofinteractionmadedifferentoutcomejustlikewhatMegatrondidinthissection.Hedidtwodifferentmethodsofinteraction



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andhegotadifferentresultd. Megatron’sCharacterinHisLeadership

Asaleader,thewayofhisleadershipisnotassoftasOptimusPrime.Heusedviolence towardhisown follower, inorder tomake themrightonwayandcontrolthemwithfear.Violencecanbedefinedasbehaviorthatinvolvesphysicalforce,intendedtohurt,damage,orkillsomeoneorsomething(OxfordDictionary). Violence is described in the movie’s scene, when he beats hisfollower because theirmistake.Hedid violence act toward his follower. Likethe scene inTransformers 2 (Revenge of the fallen)whenMegatron beat hisfollowerStarscreamforhismistake.Thesceneisservedbelow:

Starscream : Lost the boy, Master. The Autobots must beshieldingthesignals.(01:03:33)

Megatron :Ican'tevenrelyonyou.(01:03:37) Starscream :Sorry.(01:03:39) Megatron :No!(01:03:40) This is the scene when Starscream failed to bring Sam for Megatron.Megatron was angry toward Starscream and then he used violence towardStarscreamforpunishment.ThereasonbehindMegatron’sactiontowardhisfollower, so theycanunderstand the truemeaningofhisorder is to successthemission. Astheantagonistcharacterswithbadpersonality,Megatronisacapable

and clever leader. As far of Transformers story, Megatron came with manyscenes of plan to succeed his revolution, for example in Transformers 1Megatronplanned tomake ahuge armywith cubeon earth,Transformers 2Megatronplanned to cooperatewith the fallen to take thematrixandactivetheancientweapon todestroy thesun,Transformers3Megatronplanned tocooperatewithSentineltowinthewarandrestoreCybertron.

Megatron explained as ruthless and intellect character, he was able togathermanyfollowersbecauseofhisintellectandearnedtheirrespect.ThereisanotherscenethatprovedMegatronasanintellectualcharacter.Thestoryofhimwhenhewasstillagoodcharacter,MegatronjoinedintothepoliticsinCybertrontoproposehisvisiontothecouncil(TransformersPrime,Episode42,00:17:12)

E. CONCLUSION The researcher concludes thatOptimusPrime,used themodelofmacroleadership,theformofpositiveleadershipandtheleadershipcharacteristicofpersuasion,personality,actorbehaviorandrelationHeusedhisleadershiptoinfluencehis followerby gain anunderstanding and it is thebestpriority ofhimtousedthiskindofleadership,ratherthanusinghispowertocreatinga



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feartoforcehisfollower.Heusedleader’spowerbynotforcinghisfollowertoobey or lead them with fear. Optimus showed his character through hisleadershipasamoralcharacter.Itwasportrayedbyhowheinfluencedwithcommunication for understand each other and the way he cares with hisfollower.

Meanwhile in Megatron’s leadership, he used the model of metaleadership, the formof negative leadershipand the leadershipcharacteristicofpersuasion,personality,actorbehaviorandrelation.Megatron’sleadershipisrarelyusingcommunicationbygainanunderstandingandleadhisfollowerwith fear and his power. Megatron proves himself as worthy leader byshowed his dominance power. Megatron’s character, the leadership that heshowed isas immoral character. Itwas portrayed by how he used fear andviolence to control his follower. He is careless about his follower feelingtowardhisaction.Heseeshisfollowerastoolstoreachhispurpose.

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