The list shows elements of the Columbian Exchange that moved…

Horses Disease Firearms

A. from Africa to Europe.

B. from Europe to Asia.

C. from Europe to the Americas.

D. from the Americas to Europe.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. from Europe to the Americas.

Europeans’ interest in exploring beyond their boundaries was a

direct result of the…

A. Reformation.B. Crusades.C. Mongol invasion of Asia.D. Development of the feudal

system.

THE ANSWER IS …

B. Crusades

Before the arrival of Europeans, Native American

peoples in the Southeast were mostly…

A. farmers and hunters.B. farmers only.C. hunters only.D. hunters and traders.

THE ANSWER IS …

A. farmers and hunters.

The Treaty of Tordesillas resolved a dispute

between Spain and…

A. England.B. Italy.

C. Portugal.D.France.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. Portugal.

A consequence of the Columbian Exchange that

no one foresaw was…A. the development of representative

government in the colonies.B. rivalry among Native Americans for

the fur trade.C. increased competition among

Europeans for territory.D. the devastating transmittal of

disease from Europe to the Americans and vice versa.

THE ANSWER IS …

D. the devastating transmittal of disease from Europe to the Americans and vice versa.

Our cries of grief rise upand our tears rain down,

for Tlatelolco is lost. The Aztecs are fleeing

across the lake;…How can we save our

homes, my people?The Aztecs are deserting

the city:the city is in flames, and allis darkness and destruction.

- from The Broken Spears: The Aztec

Account of the Conquest of Mexico

Who commanded the troops that forced the flight of the Aztec described in this passage?

A. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

B. Hernan Cortes

C. Juan Ponce de Leon

D. Francisco Pizarro

THE ANSWER IS …

B. Hernan Cortes

The Pilgrims’ desire to come to America was a result of…

A. an opportunity to form a joint-stock company.

B. the Reformation in England.

C. the promise of land for indentured servants.

D. the hope of finding gold and returning to England rich.

THE ANSWER IS …

B. the Reformation in England.

The purpose of the Virginia House of Burgesses was to…

A. propose laws for the colony.

B. draft the colony’s constitution.

C. advise the governor and his council.

D. take the place of the governor’s council.

THE ANSWER IS …

A. propose laws for the colony.

Why did the Spanish found the town of St. Augustine?

A. to spread the Christian faith among Native American groups

B. to begin a chain of missions throughout the colonies in the Americans

C. to create a central market for the fur tradeD. to protect territorial claims from the French in

the Southeast

THE ANSWER IS …

D. to protect territorial claims from the French in the Southeast

Which of the following colonies was founded as a business venture by a joint-

stock company?

A. Massachusetts BayB. Rhode IslandC. Pennsylvania

D. Maryland

THE ANSWER IS …

A. Massachusetts Bay

Which item completes the diagram?

A.Fishing and lumber industries

B.Royal African Company

C.Urban societies

D.Wheat boom

THE ANSWER IS …

B. Royal African Company

Mercantilism mainly benefited…

A. colonial merchants.B. proprietors of colonies.C. colonial landowners.D. manufacturers and merchants in the home

country.

THE ANSWER IS …

D. manufacturers and merchants in the home country.

The Great Awakening helped prepare the way for the American Revolution because it…

A. appealed to people’s emotions.B. established new religious congregations.C. began in New England.D. questioned traditional authority and taught

that all were equal before God.

THE ANSWER IS …

D. questioned traditional authority and taught that all were equal before God.

I was a political philosopher and one of the Enlightenment thinkers. I wrote about natural rights and the social contract theory of government. Who am I?

A.Jean Jacques Rousseau

B.John Locke

C.Baron Montesquieu

D.Jonathan Edwards

THE ANSWER IS …

B. John Locke

Which statement describes the Navigation Acts?

A. England’s first serious attempt to regulate colonial trade

B. the colonies’ only attempt to unite and regulate their own trade

C. Parliament’s reaction to French attempts to trade with the colonies

D. regulations governing trade among the colonies and other countries

THE ANSWER IS …

A. England's first serious attempt to regulate colonial trade

According to the map, which battles were won by the Americans?

A.Philadelphia and Trenton

B.Brooklyn Heights and Saratoga

C.Bennington and Princeton

D.Ft. Ticonderoga and Germantown

THE ANSWER IS …

C. Bennington and Princeton

I worked to unite all Bostonians to oppose British tax policies and helped the Massachusetts assembly organize resistance against Britain by coauthoring a “circular letter.” Who am I?

A.Benjamin Franklin

B.Patrick Henry

C.Thomas Jefferson

D.Samuel Adams

THE ANSWER IS …

D. Samuel Adams

The Stamp Act outraged the colonists because…

A. it made sending letters more expensive.B. the stamps were printed in England, not in the

colonies.C. it was the first direct tax on colonists.D. Parliament passed it in retaliation for the

Boston Tea Party.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. it was the first direct tax on colonists.

The group that was MOST hurt by the American Revolution was…

A. Federalists.B. Loyalists.C. women.

D. African Americans.

THE ANSWER IS …

B. Loyalists.

As a result of the Treaty of Paris of 1783, the new United States acquired…

A. the area that would later become Alaska.B. the area that would later become Oregon and

Washington.C. Florida.D. all the land between the new states and the

Mississippi River.

THE ANSWER IS …

D. all the land between the new states and the Mississippi River.

A major weakness of government under the Articles of Confederation was…

A. the lack of a strong central government.B. an overzealous judiciary.C. a legislature that had so many members that it

was difficult to make decisions.D. the lack of a process for amending the

Articles.

THE ANSWER IS …

A. the lack of a strong central government.

The purpose of the so-called Three-Fifths Compromise was to determine…

A. how Senators would be elected to Congress from each side.

B. how power would be divided between an upper house and lower house in Congress.

C. how African Americans would be counted for representation in Congress and for taxation.

D. how power would be shared between the federal government and the states.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. how African Americans would be counted for representation in Congress

and for taxation.

This passage from the Declaration of Independence reflects the principle of…

… That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter of to abolish it, and to institute new Government….

A.republicanism.

B.limited government.

C.federalism.

D.the social contract.

THE ANSWER IS …

D. the social contract.

The delegates of the Constitutional Convention added the separation of powers in the Constitution to respond to concerns…

A. that, similar to the English monarchy, a strong executive branch would wield too much power.

B. over taxation without representation.

C. that the individual states would have to give up too much power.

D. that the Constitution did not guarantee individuals the same rights they had had as British citizens.

THE ANSWER IS …

A. that, similar to the English monarchy, a strong executive branch would wield too much power.

The right to march peacefully in a protest is an example of a right guaranteed by the…

A. First Amendment.

B. Fourth Amendment.

C. Sixth Amendment.

D. Tenth Amendment.

THE ANSWER IS …

A. First Amendment.

The Preamble to the Constitution reflects the principle of…

We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution of the United States of America.

A. limited government.

B. federalism.

C. popular sovereignty.

D. separation of powers.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. popular sovereignty.

Which of the following is am example of a check on the power of Congress?

A. The Supreme Court can declare executive orders unconstitutional.

B. The president can pardon those convicted of violating federal laws.

C. Congress can declare war.

D. The president can veto legislation.

THE ANSWER IS …

D. The president can veto legislation.

What issue that the colonists had with Great Britain is addressed by the Third

Amendment?

A. Colonists could be punished without being tried in a court of law.

B. Colonists were forced to house British soldiers at their own expense.

C. Colonists could be held in jail for long periods of time without being charged with a crime.

D. Colonists could be taxed without their consent.

THE ANSWER IS …

B. Colonists were forced to house British soldiers at their own

expense.

Ratification of the Constitution occurred as a result of…

A. the election of George Washington as president.

B. the promise to add a Bill of Rights.

C. the defeat of Antifederalists in election sin Virginia and New York.

D. the addition of a system of checks and balances to the Constitution.

THE ANSWER IS …

B. the promise to add a Bill of Rights.

The purpose of the so-called elastic clause in the Constitution was…

A. to enable the federal government and the states to regulate the same areas.

B. to nullify the enumerated powers in the Constitution.

C. to enable future generations to make federal laws for situation that the Framers could not have foreseen.

D. to make it possible to add to the reserved powers of the states in the future.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. to enable future generations to make federal laws for situation that the Framers could not have foreseen.

President Jefferson thought the BEST solution to the impressment of U.S. sailors

by the British was…

A. passage of a naturalization act.

B. passage of an embargo act.

C. a declaration of war.

D. to negotiate a treaty with Great Britain.

THE ANSWER IS …

B. passage of an embargo act.

Napoleon’s offer to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States was the direct

result of…

A. his need for money to wage war in Europe.

B. his desire to keep both Great Britain and Spain from gaining the area.

C. his opinion that the territory had few valuable resources.

D. his losing interest in adding American lands to his empire.

THE ANSWER IS …

A. his need for money to wage war in Europe.

The policies listed here are MOST closely associated with…

• Protective tariffs • A nation built on

manufacturing• Loose interpretation

of the Constitution

A.Thomas Jefferson.

B. Aaron Burr.

C. Alexander Hamilton.

D. George Washington.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. Alexander Hamilton.

According to Alexander Hamilton, the main purpose of repaying the nation’s debt was to…

A. control federal spending.

B. erase the national deficit.

C. build confidence in the nation’s finances.

D. exert financial pressure on his political opponents.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. build confidence in the nation’s finances.

In his Farwell Address, George Washington cautioned Americans against…

A. foreign trade.

B. war with Europe.

C. sectionalism at home.

D. too rapid growth of the nation’s boundaries and economy.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. sectionalism at home.

The main purpose of the Monroe Doctrine was to…

A. asset U.S. independence from Great Britain.

B. challenge British policy in the Western Hemisphere.

C. keep Spain and Russia from expanding their holdings in the Western Hemisphere.

D. help Spain’s colonies in South America gain their independence.

THE ANSWER IS …

C. keep Spain and Russia from expanding their holdings in the Western Hemisphere.

I was vice president of the United States during the nullification crisis and a strong supporter of nullification. I also believed in states’ rights and

wrote The South Carolina Exposition and Protest. Who am I?

A. Henry Clay

B. Robert Hayne

C. Daniel Webster

D. John C. Calhoun

THE ANSWER IS …

D. John C. Calhoun

Which of the following statements describes the result of the Battle of

Horseshoe Bend?

A. The Creek nation was forced to surrender land covering nearly half of what is today Alabama.

B. The British retreated to defend New Orleans.

C. The Spanish were driven from what is today Alabama.

D. Spain sold Florida to the United States.

THE ANSWER IS …

A. The Creek nation was forced to surrender land covering nearly half of what is today Alabama.

In Andrew Jackson’s opinion, the spoils system was democratic because it…

A. managed the government efficiently.

B. allowed ordinarily people to participate in government.

C. provided work for the unemployed.

D. allowed many different opinions to be heard at one time.

THE ANSWER IS …

B. allowed ordinary people to participate in government.

Which was a favorite theme of the transcendentalists?

A. the nation’s history

B. the struggle between good and evil

C. the frontier

D. nature

THE ANSWER IS…

D. nature

The first American settlers in Oregon were…

A. Mormons.

B. German immigrants.

C. missionaries.

D. emigrants from Mexico.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. missionaries.

William Lloyd Garrison divided the abolition movement with his demand that…

A. slavery be ended immediately.

B. African Americans be returned to Africa.

C. slavery be ended gradually to avoid disruption of the U.S. economy.

D. slaveholders be compensated for their losses as a condition for abolition.

THE ANSWER IS…

A. slavery be ended immediately.

Andrew Jackson’s purpose in removing Native Americans from the Southeast to

west of the Mississippi was to…

A. provide the with better farm and grazing lands.

B. move them to lands he thought white settlers would never want.

C. clear them from land wanted for the transcontinental railroad.

D. force them to adopt white American culture.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. move them to lands he thought white settlers would never want.

Many Northerners opposed the annexation of Texas because they…

A. did not agree with the idea of Manifest Destiny.

B. feared that the balance in Congress between slave states and free states would be upset.

C. did not want war with Mexico.

D. wanted to settle the dispute with Canada over the Oregon Territory first.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. feared that the balance in Congress between slave states and free states would be upset.

As a result of the war with Mexico, the United States…

A. Gained the area that became the state of California and most of the states of the West and Southwest.

B. Annexed Texas.

C. Established the Nueces River as the southern boundary of Texas.

D. Passed the Homestead Act to encourage settlement in the new territories.

THE ANSWER IS…

A. Gained the area that became the state of California and most of the states of the West and Southwest.

Mexican control of what is today California officially ended when…

A. U.S. naval forces occupied San Francisco and San Diego.

B. Mexico ceded territory to the United States in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

C. American settlers rebelled and declared California to be the “Bear Flag Republic.”

D. the U.S. army marched into California and declared it a U.S. state.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. Mexico ceded territory to the United States in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

I thought that I could save the Union by abandoning the Missouri Compromise and allowing slavery in all western territories. I

championed popular sovereignty and proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Who am I?

A.Stephen A. DouglasB.James BuchananC.Roger B TaneyD.Henry Clay

THE ANSWER IS…

A. Stephen A. Douglas

The turning point in the nation’s struggle over slavery was…

A. The Supreme Court ruling in the Dred Scott case.

B. Passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

C. The election of Abraham Lincoln as president.

D. John Brown’s raid on the federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. The election of Abraham Lincoln as president.

At the beginning of the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln declared that the goal of the North

was to…

A. Abolish slavery.

B. Extend slavery based on popular sovereignty.

C. Punish anyone who took up arms against the Union.

D. Preserve the Union.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Preserve the Union.

Many people in the hill country of northern Alabama opposed secession because…

A. Fewer of them were slaveholders dependent on cotton farming and slave labor.

B. Many of them were former Northerners.

C. Of the influence of abolitionists.

D. They wanted to avoid certain war.

THE ANSWER IS…

A. Fewer of them were slaveholders dependent on cotton farming and slave labor.

As a result of the fall of Vicksburg, the Confederacy was…

A. In command of the Mississippi River.

B. Recognized by the British government.

C. Cut in two.

D. Unable to launch another attack on the North.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. Cut in two.

Before the Civil War ended, Republicans and antislavery Democrats began working

together to pass the…

A. Congressional Reconstruction Plan.

B. Wade-Davis Bill.

C. Thirteenth Amendment.

D. Civil Rights Act.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. Thirteenth Amendment.

The purpose of the black codes was to…

A. Get around the Fourteenth Amendment.

B. Support Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan.

C. Codify all laws relating to African American activities.

D. Keep freed African Americans in a position similar to slavery.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Keep freed African Americans in a position similar to slavery.

Passage of the Fifteenth Amendment was a result of the…

A. Large African American turnout in the election of 1868 that assured a large Republican majority in both houses of Congress.

B. Pressure President Grant put on Congress to speed Reconstruction.

C. Presence of large numbers of African Americans in the U.S. House of Representatives.

D. Democratic attempts appeal to African Americans voters.

THE ANSWER IS…

A. Large African American turnout in the election of 1868 that assured a large Republican majority in both houses of Congress.

Reconstruction ended as a result of…

A. The Democrats’ regaining control of all the Southern state legislatures.

B. The removal of all federal troops from the South by President Hayes.

C. The Panic of 1873, which made it too expensive to keep federal troops in the South.

D. Congressional disinterest in continuing Reconstruction policies.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. The removal of all federal troops from the South by President Hayes.

The purpose of the alliance between Northern financiers and Southern leaders

after the Civil War was to…

A. Industrialize the South.B. Finance old-style plantation

agriculture.C. Tie African Americans to the land as

sharecroppers.D. Control Southern legislatures.

THE ANSWER IS…

A. Industrialize the South.

The closing of the frontier in 1890 meant that…

A. All inhabitable land between the Mississippi River and the Rockies had been settled.

B. Native Americans were living only on reservations.C. The only way young people and immigrants could

make a living was by going to work in factories.D. Settlers had taken possession of so much land

across the nation that there was no longer a clear boundary between settled and unsettled lands.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Settlers had taken possession of so much land across the nation that there was no longer a clear boundary between settled and unsettled lands.

Bonanza farms, threshing machines, and mechanical reapers are characteristics of…

A. Commercial farming in the Midwest.

B. Agriculture in the New South.

C. Dry farming methods.

D. Farming methods used in the Great Plains.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Farming methods used in the Great Plains.

As a result of the Dawes Act, Plains Indians were…

A. Sent to live on reservations.

B. Granted U.S. citizenship.

C. Given land allotments to farm.

D. Provided with food and clothing in return for peaceful coexistence with settlers.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. Given land allotments to farm.

The land grant system enabled…

A. Farmers to buy land at low cost from the federal government.

B. State government to sell land to farmers on credit.

C. Railroads to raise money for construction by selling vacant land given to them by the federal government.

D. Real estate companies to act as intermediaries in the sale of public lands to private individuals.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. Railroads to raise money for construction by selling vacant land

given to them by the federal government.

A company that owns all the businesses that are needed to manufacture and sell

its products is…

A. A trust.

B. A monopoly.

C. A holding company.

D. Vertically integrated.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Vertically integrated.

The Knights of Labor preferred a method of resolving conflicts between employers and

unions involving an impartial third party. This method is called…

A. boycott.

B. closed shop.

C. arbitration.

D. lockout.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. arbitration.

As a result of a surge in nativist feelings among Americans, Congress in 1872

passed a…

A. Law stating that strikes were “conspiracies in restraint of trade.”

B. Law restricting immigration.

C. Law banning union organization in industries with large numbers of immigrants.

D. Law tightening the nationalization process.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. Law restricting immigration.

Individualism and overcoming all obstacles were the themes of all the novels of…

A. William Dean Howells.

B. Henry James.

C. Horatio Alger.

D. Edith Wharton.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. Horatio Alger.

Farmers joined farm organizations such as the Grange and the Farmers’ Alliance

mainly to…

A. Seek help with their economic problems.

B. Participate in social gatherings.

C. Take advantage of educational programs.

D. Pool their resources to buy farming equipment.

THE ANSWER IS…

A. Seek help with their economic problems.

As a result of the Supreme Court ruling in Wabash v. Illinois, states could…

A. Pass safety regulations for railroads.B. Set shipping rates for railroads.C. No longer regulate commerce across state

lines.D. Regulate the selling practices of farmers’

cooperatives.

THE ANSWER IS…

C. No longer regulate commerce across state lines.

The People’s Party, also know as the Populists, was strongest among…

A. Industrial workers in the Northeast.

B. Southern and western farmers.

C. Northeastern and Midwestern city dwellers.

D. Immigrants in all sections of the country.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. Southern and western farmers.

In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that…

A. Private organizations could not be held accountable for discriminatory practices.

B. States could be sued for alleged discriminatory laws.

C. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was unconstitutional.

D. Separate but equal facilities for African Americans were legal.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Separate but equal facilities for African Americans were legal.

U.S. interest in trade with China resulted in the…

A. Roosevelt Corollary.

B. Open Door Policy.

C. “big stick” approach to foreign policy.

D. Leasehold strategy.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. Open Door Policy.

Women were granted the right to vote by the…

A. Fourteenth Amendment.

B. Fifteenth Amendment.

C. Seventeenth Amendment.

D. Nineteenth Amendment.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Nineteenth Amendment.

The United States declared war on Germany as a result of…

A. The Zimmerman note.

B. Great Britain’s heavy losses in the war.

C. Germany’s refusal to agree to the Sussex Pledge.

D. Germany’s resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare in 1917.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Germany’s resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare in 1917.

The Red Scare grew out of American’s fear and suspicion of…

A. African Americans.

B. Germans.

C. Russian immigrants.

D. Communists.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Communists.

A major theme of the Harlem Renaissance was…

A. The role of women.

B. Racial pride.

C. The Great Migration.

D. The rural South.

THE ANSWER IS…

B. Racial pride.

The purpose of the Dawes Plan was to…

A. Raise tariffs on all European goods.

B. Raise tariffs on European agricultural products only.

C. Enable Germany to repay its war debts.

D. Enable Germany to pay its reparations and forgive Britain and France their war debts.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. Enable Germany to pay its reparations and forgive Britain and France their war debts.

A turning point in the fight to defeat Hitler in Europe was…

A. The Battle of Midway.

B. The Battle of Britain.

C. The blitzkrieg.

D. The Battle of Stalingrad.

THE ANSWER IS…

D. The Battle of Stalingrad.