THE LOSS OF THE COLONIES

INTRODUCTION-COLONIZATION BEGAN IN 1492

-TERRITORIES WERE DIVIDED IN VICEROYALTIES -CHARLES III MADE CHANGES

-GROWING INDEPENDENTIST FEELING-SPANISH SITUATION

KEY WORDS:

-VICEROYALTY: VIRREINATO-VICEROY: VIRREY-CREOLE: CRIOLLO

-ROYALIST: REALISTA-PENINSULAR

VICEROYALTY OF NUEVA ESPANA

VICEROYALTY OF RÍO DE LA PLATA

ARGENTINA

BOLIVIASOUTH OF BRAZILNORTH OF CHILE

URUGUAY

PARAGUAY

ALTO PERÚ

VICEROYALTY OF PERU

-LEGAL WHITENESS

-LIBERATING ARMIES:EJÉRCITOS LIBERTADORES*SAN MARTÍN*BOLÍVAR

-BATTLE OF AYACUCHO

GENERAL CAPITAINCY OF CHILE

-NATIVES MINORITY

-REPUBLIC I NO SOCIAL BASE

-BATTLE OF MAIPÚ

GENERAL CAPITAINCY OF VENEZUELA AND VICEROYALTY OF NUEVA GRANADA

-ECUADOR-COLOMBIA-PANAMA-VENEZUELA

MAJORITY BLACK PEOPLE

REPUBLIC I NO SOCIAL BASEREPUBLIC II LITTLE SOCIAL BASE REPUBLIC III ENGLISH POLITICAL SYSTEM

Art and Culture in SpanishMonarchy

Neoclassic style (middle XVIII – early XIX)

Charles IV

Ferdinand VII

Romantic style (from 1834 to late XIX)

ArchitectureJuan de Villanueva

Antonio López AguadoPainting

Francisco de Goya y LucientesLiterature

José de EsproncedaMariano José de Larra

Juan Eugenio HartzenbuschDuke of RivasJosé Zorrilla

Architecture

Juan de Villanueva

Museo del Prado (1785-1808)

Royal Botanic Garden of Madrid (1781)

Astronomical Observatory of El Retiro (1790)

Plaza Mayor of Madrid (1790)

Villanueva Building. Museo del Prado. Madrid

Pavillion by Juan de Villanueva. Royal Botanic Gardens of Madrid

Astronomical Observatory of El Retiro by Juan de Villanueva. Madrid

Plaza Mayor of Madrid by Juan de VillanuevaFinished by Antonio López Aguado and Custodio Moreno

Architecture (II)Antonio López Aguado

Museo del Prado (1818-1831)

Plaza Mayor of Madrid (1874)

Puerta de Toledo (1813-1827)

Royal Theatre (1818)

Palace of Villahermosa (Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum) (1805)

Queen’s Baths (Solan de Cabras Spa in Cuenca) (1817)

Royal Theatre by Antonio López Aguadoand Custodio Moreno. Madrid

Puerta de Toledo by Antonio López Aguado

Palace of Villanueva by Antonio López AguadoThyssen-Bonemisza Museum. Madrid

Queen’s baths by Antonio López AguadoSolán de Cabras Spa. Cuenca

Painting

• Francisco de Goya y Lucientes

Court painterPortraits

Historical chronicler at the timeThe disasters of war

Charles IV of Spain and His Familyby Francisco de Goya

The third of May 1808 by Francisco de Goya

The Disasters of War by Goya

LiteratureJosé de Espronceda

Canto a Teresa

Sancho Saldaña o El castellano de Cuéllar

Poesías (Poems):• El estudiante de Salamanca (The Student of

Salamanca)• Diablo Mundo (Devil World)

Literature (II)Mariano José de Larra

Vuelva usted mañana (Come back tomorrow)

Corridas de toros (Bullfights)

Casarse pronto y mal (Get married soon and badly)

El castellano grosero (The rude Castilian)

Literature (III)Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch

The lovers of Teruel

Duke of RivasDon Álvaro o la fuerza del sino (Don Álvaro or

the power of fate)

José ZorrillaDon Juan Tenorio

Arts and Culture in the Colonies(XIXth)

Architecture: Manuel Tolsá

Painting: Christopher Lozano, Christopher de Aguilar

Literature: Pablo de Olavide

THE LOSS OF CUBA, THE PHILIPPINES AND PUERTO RICO

.....THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR

- WAR ON 2 FRONTS PACIFIC / CARIBBEAN

- THE IMPORTANCE OF CUBA

- SITUATION IN CUBA

- 1868: TEN YEARS’ WAR CARLOS MANUEL DE CESPEDES

TREATY OF ZANJON

- 1879:THE LITTLE WARCALIXTO GARCIA

- 1895 GUERILLA WARJOSE MARTI

CANOVAS DEL CASTILLO

GENERAL VALERIANO WEYLER

- THE INTERVENTION OF THE UNITED STATES

WILLIAM McKINLEY

- AUTONOMY OF CUBA1st JANUARY 1898

- THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR BEGINS APRIL 25TH 1898

RAMON BLANCO GENERAL MAXIMO GOMEZ

THE PHILIPPINES

- IN 1521 THE FIRST SPANISH ARRIVED TO THE PHILIPPINES

- THE COLONIZATION

- JOSE RIZAL

- THE FIRST CLASH

- GEORGE DEWEY AND PATRICIO MONTOJO

- SPANISH LOSS

- FIRST AMERICAN DEFEAT

- FERMIN JAUDENES

- THE SPANISH SURRENDER

BATTLE OF MANILA BAY

PUERTO RICO

- MAY 1898

- HENRY H. WHITNEY

- THE US BATTLESHIP USS YALE

USS YALE

- CERRO GERVASIO DEL ASOMANTE

- THE BATTLES OF GUANICA AND YAUCO

- BATTLE OF FAJARDO

- THE WAR LASTED 4 MONTHS

- HOSTILITIES END 12th AUGUST 1898

- TREATY OF PARIS10th DECEMBER 1898

Culture of Spain and the

Colonies at the end of the

Nineteenth Century.

Spain

Demographic

Situation

Literature

Generation 98

Modernism

Novecentism

Painting

Joaquín Zuloaga

(1870 - 1945)

Ignacio Sorolla

(1863-1923)

Sciences

Santiago Ramón y Cajal(1852 -1934)

The Doctrine of the Nerve Cells

First Colony: Cuba

Demographic

situation

Culture

Popular Hymn

José María Heredias

¡Cuba, Cuba, que vida me diste,dulce tierra de luz y hermosura!¡Cuánto sueño de gloria y venturatengo unido a tu sueño feliz!¡Y te vuelvo a mirar...! Cuán severo,hoy me oprime el rigor de mi suertela opresión me amenaza con muerteen los campos do al mundo nací.

Puerto Rico

Demographic

situation

Culture and Literature

¡Despierta, borinqueño,

que han dado la señal! Lola Rodriguez de Tío

¡Despierta de ese sueño, (1843-1924)

que es hora de luchar!

A ese llamar patriótico,

¿no arde tu corazón?

Francisco Gonzado Marín

(1863-1900)

The Philippines

Demographic

situation

Culture and LiteratureAdelina Gurrea (1896-1971)

Cuentos de Juana

Jesús Balmori (1887-1948)

Pájaros de Fuego

Popular songs of Independence