the louisiana purchase
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The Louisiana Purchase. The Continental Divide. Great Britain. Russia. United States. Spain . France. The Nation Looks West. By 1800 about 1,000,000 farmers lived between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River Cheapest way to get supplies to Atlantic Coast was Mississippi River - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Louisiana Purchase
The Continental Divide
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The Nation Looks West
• By 1800 about 1,000,000 farmers lived between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River– Cheapest way to get
supplies to Atlantic Coast was Mississippi River
– Stored supplies in New Orleans while waiting for ships
• Who controlled the Mississippi?
• Spain and US on good terms
• Pinkney Treaty gave us use of the Mississippi River and New Orleans (“right of deposit”)
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Seriously, Senor?• Meanwhile…Spain signs a secret treaty
agreeing to sell Louisiana Territory to France – Right of deposit denied to US– Napoleon poised to conquer Europe– Looking to expand French empire into North
American– Jefferson becomes fearful…• Spain was weak• France was not weak
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Jefferson’s Response
• Sends James Monroe and Robert Livingston to Paris to negotiate the purchase of New Orleans and the immediately surrounding areas.
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• I see you have no chance:– Haiti (French colony) stages a
successful revolution and overthrows French colonial rule
– Haiti is no longer a springboard into N. Amer.
– France needs money to fight war in Europe (Britaion)
– Result: Napoleon looks to “dump” Louisiana
I See London, I See France…
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Such a Deal!
• Jefferson wants to buy west Florida and New Orleans for $10,000,000
• France sells Louisiana to the U.S.A. for $15,000,000– Less than 4 cents/acre– 2011: $233 million, 43 cents/acre– The U.S.A. doubles in size– Spans Mississippi River – Rocky Mountains
• Big Question: IS THIS CONSTITUTIONAL?– Remember, T. Jeff was highly opposed to these
sorts of actions – undermined states rights and led to “big government” and not strictly aligned with the constitution!
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How did Jefferson justify the purchase of Louisiana Territory?
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The Lewis and Clark Expedition1804-1806
• Congress provided money ($2,500) for a team of explorers to study the new lands– 2 captains – Meriwether Lewis
& William Clark– 38 enlisted men– Handful of civilians (French
fur traders– Sacagawea serves as
interpreter of the Shoshone language
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Objectives of the Expedition
1.Map a route to the Pacific2.Develop friendly relationships with Indians3.Study resources, climate, animals, etc.
• In 1804 Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led one of the most historic American Expeditions
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Map a route to the Pacific
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Supplies for the Expedition• Mathematical Instruments:
– surveyor’s compass – hand compass – telescope
• Camp Supplies:– hatchets – two dozen tablespoons – mosquito curtains – 10 1/2 pounds of fishing hooks and fishing
lines – 12 pounds of soap – 193 pounds of "portable soup"
• Presents for Indians:– 12 dozen pocket mirrors – 4,600 sewing needles – tomahawks that doubled as pipes – vermilion face paint – 33 pounds of tiny beads of assorted colors
• Clothing:– 45 flannel shirts
• Arms and Ammunition:– 15 prototype Model 1803 muzzle-loading .54
caliber rifles – 500 rifle flints – 176 pounds of gunpowder packed in 52 lead
canisters – 1 long-barreled rifle that fired its bullet with
compressed air, rather than by flint, spark and powder
• Medicine and Medical Supplies:– 50 dozen Dr. Rush’s patented "Rush’s pills" – 1,300 doses of physic – 3,500 doses of diaphoretic (sweat inducer)
• Traveling Library:– Barton’s Elements of Botany – Antoine Simon Le Page du Pratz’s History of
Louisiana – Richard Kirwan’s Elements of Mineralogy – A map of the Great Bend of the Missouri River