the man i saw when tim took me to see that new show down in leeds was here a moment ago. what is the...
TRANSCRIPT
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The man I saw when Tim took me to see that new show down in Leeds was here a moment ago.
What is the main verb in the sentence?How many other verbs can you see?How many other verbs might you hear?
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The man I saw when Tim took me to see that new show down in Leeds was here a moment ago.
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The man (I saw when Tim took me to see that new show down in Leeds) was here a moment ago.
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The man I saw when Tim took me to see that new show down in Leeds was here a moment ago. sawwenttookmeetseeseetheknew
showedown (!)leadswashearto go
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EAP Grammar at A2
Terry Phillips
grammar and genre
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Grammar
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Grammarword form word order
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Grammarmorphology syntax
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Genre
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Genre
G E
E A P
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Grammarmorphology syntax
Genre
G E
E A P
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Grammarmorphology syntax
Genre
G E √
E A P √
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Grammarmorphology syntax
Genre
G E √ √√√
E A P √ √√√√√
graph
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GE vs EAP
contrary to
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
norwich
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Complexity in EAP
Contrary to the theory of Freud the well-known psychoanalyst who believed that the offspring of aggressive parents become passive adults a significant number of insecurely-attached boys and girls brought up by a violent mother or father show signs of violence as adults, passing on their aggression to their own children.
english is mainly a syntactic language
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bill killed john
English is mainly a syntactic language
word order (syntax)
word form (morphology)
is more meaningful
than...
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English is not (really) morphological…
Bill killed John
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English is not (really) morphological…
Bill killed John
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English is not (really) morphological…
Billus killedat Johnum
1st word = noun, + the agent2nd word = verb3rd word = noun, + the recipient
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English is not (really) morphological
Billus killedat JohnumBillus Johnum killedatJohnum killedat BillusJohnum Billus killedat Killedat Billus Johnum Killedat Johnum Billus
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English is not (really) morphological…
Johnum inter silvas killedat quarere verum Billus
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English is not (really) morphological…
The thing that happened to John which was so appalling was being killed by the only friend he had ever known, Bill.
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English is not (really) morphological…
The thing that happened to John which was so appalling was being killed by the only friend he had ever known, Bill.
police
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English is syntactic…
Police
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English is syntactic…
Police police
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English is syntactic…
Police police police.
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English is syntactic…
Police police police.
1st word = noun, + the agent.2nd word = verb.3rd word = noun, + the recipient.becauseEnglish = S V O
morpho languages
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Morphological languages…
word (sound /shape)
denotation part of speech role in sentence
billus
person noun subjectsyn diagram
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Syntactic languages…
word (sound /shape)
+role in sentence
part of speech meaning
basic morph
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
Verbs 3rd person sing. present -s, -es: Karen writes / washes
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
Verbs 3rd person sing. present -s, -es: Karen writes / washes
past tense -ed: painted
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
Verbs 3rd person sing. present -s, -es: Karen writes / washes
past tense -ed: painted
perfect aspect -ed: painted (past participle)
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
Verbs 3rd person sing. present -s, -es: Karen writes / washes
past tense -ed: painted
perfect aspect -ed: painted (past participle)
progressive aspect -ing: writing (present participle)
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
Verbs 3rd person sing. present -s, -es: Karen writes / washes
past tense -ed: painted
perfect aspect -ed: painted (past participle)
progressive aspect -ing: writing (present participle)
Adjectives comparative -er: taller
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English has some morphology...Word class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
Verbs 3rd person sing. present -s, -es: Karen writes / washes
past tense -ed: painted
perfect aspect -ed: painted (past participle)
progressive aspect -ing: writing (present participle)
Adjectives comparative -er: taller
superlative -est: tallest
verb morph
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English has some morphology...
dois doingdidwas doinghas donehas been doinghad donehad gone doingcan do… etc.
is doneis being donewas donewas being donehas been donehas been being donehad gone donehad gone being donecan be done… etc.
complexity in GE
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Complexity in GE
I wouldn’t have gone fired if I hadn’t been stealing.
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I am you are
Complexity in GE
I wouldn’t have gone fired if I hadn’t been stealing.
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I am
thereYou areHe / she / it isWe areYou (plu) areThey are
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I was
thereYou wereHe / she / it wasWe wereYou (plu) wereThey were
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am going
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwent
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas going
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gone
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gonehad gone
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gonehad gonewill go
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gonehad gonewill gowill be going
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gonehad gonewill gowill be goingwould go
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gonehad gonewill gowill be goingam going to gocould go
stats
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EAP vs General English…
80% - 85% of academic and technical English is in … … present, including passives
5% - 10% is in …… past, including passives
5% is in …every other tense / verb form.
(Source: Longman Grammar of Written and Spoken English)
statistics 2
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EAP vs General English
90% of EAP is in simple aspect
7% of EAP is in perfect aspect
3% of EAP is in progressive aspect
0.5% of EAP is in perfect progressive aspect(Source: Longman Grammar of Written and Spoken English)
effects on syllabus
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gonehad gonewill gowill be goingam going to gocan go
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
there
am goingwentwas goinghave gonehad gonewill gowill be goingam going to gocan go
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb other
I
go
therewent
will go
can go
passives
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb object
Researchers do experimentsdid
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Complexity in Englishsubject verb object
Researchers
Experiments
do experiments
researchers
did
are done bywere done by
back to overall morphology
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Complexity in EnglishWord class Inflectional category Affix used to express category
Nouns number -s, -es: book/books, bush/bushes
possessive -'s, -': the cat's tail, Charles' toe
Verbs 3rd person sing. present -s, -es: Karen writes / washes
past tense -ed: painted
perfect aspect -ed: painted (past participle)
progressive aspect -ing: writing (present participle)
Adjectives comparative -er: taller
superlative -est: tallest
according to
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Complexity even in GE
According to Professor Petra Boynton a psychologist at University College London who interviewed over 1000 adults women also tend to move quickly from one subject to another in conversation whereas men usually stick to one subject for longer periods of time.
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Complexity even in GE
According to Professor Petra Boynton a psychologist at University College London, who interviewed over 1000 adults women also tend to move quickly from one subject to another in conversation whereas men usually stick to one subject for longer periods of time.
for teenagers
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Complexity even in GE
For teenagers who have to go 25 kilometres to Norwich the nearest city to buy trainers or CDs living in a slow city is not very attractive.
SVO
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Complexity even in GE
For teenagers who have to go 25 kilometres to Norwich the nearest city to buy trainers or CDs living in a slow city is not very attractive.
slow cities
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Complexity even in GE
The aim of Slow Cities is to make our towns places where people enjoy living and working and where they value and protect the things that make the town different.
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Complexity even in GE
Slow Cities have two aims.
1. People should enjoy living and working in Slow Cities.
2. People should value and protect things in Slow Cities.
the brain knows syntax
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The brain knows syntax...
S ubjectV erbO bject C
omplement A
dverbial
noun or pronounverbnoun or pronounnoun, adjective, prepositionadverb, preposition
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The brain knows syntax…1. We left …2. She is a …3. I am …4. He seems …5. We have been …6. I gave …7. They made him …8. I told her …9. We saw them …10. Accept ...
ge syllabus
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The brain knows syntax…1. We left.2. She is a doctor.3. I am cold.4. He seems angry.5. We have been to the bank.6. I gave her the book.7. They made him president.8. I told her to leave.9. We saw them later.10. Accept responsibility.
1. S V2. S V C3. S V C4. S V A5. S V A6. S V O O7. S V O C8. S V O V9. S V O A10. V O
more complex SV
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The brain knows syntax...1. He arrived and she left.2. I saw him and I told him.3. The man I met left.4. I saw the man I met.5. The woman
who met the man told himthe story she had heard the day before.
1. S V + S V2. S V O + S V O3. S (S V) V4. S V O (S V O)5. S
(SVO) V O O(SVO)
back to warmer
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The brain knows syntax...
The man
I saw
when Tim took me to see that new show down in Leeds was here a moment ago.
S(S V O A)
VCA
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The brain knows syntax...
The man
I saw
when Tim took me to see that new show down in Leeds was here a moment ago.
S(S V O A)
VCA
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The brain knows syntax...
The man
was here a moment ago.
S
VCA
exercises
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text - tea
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word order
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Turkey
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The target?
Turkey is a large country in southeast Europe and southwest Asia, bordered by several countries, including Bulgaria, Georgia, Syria and Iraq. The capital, which is located in the centre of the country, is called Ankara. The city, which the government moved to in the 1920s, has a population of three million.
sentences
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp
Turkey is a country.
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp
Turkey is a country.
Turkey is bordered by countries.
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp
Turkey is a country.
Turkey is bordered by countries.
The capital Is called Ankara.
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp
Turkey is a country.
Turkey is bordered by countries.
The capital is called Ankara.
The capital has a population.
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp Other information
Turkey is a country in Europe / large / southeast / and / Asia / southwest
Turkey is bordered by countries
The capital is called Ankara
The capital has a population
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp Other information
Turkey is a country in Europe / large / southeast / and / Asia / southwest
Turkey is bordered by countries several
The capital is called Ankara
The capital has a population
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp Other information
Turkey is a country in Europe / large / southeast / and / Asia / southwest
Turkey is bordered by countries several
The capital is called Ankara of the country
The capital has a population
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Building a sentence…Subject Verb Object / Comp Other information
Turkey is a country in Europe / large / southeast / and / Asia / southwest
Turkey is bordered by countries several
The capital is called Ankara of the country
The capital has a population 3 million / of / nearly
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Building the paragraph…
Turkey is a large country in southeast Europe and southwest Asia. Turkey is bordered by several countries.The capital is called Ankara. Ankara has a population of nearly three million.
clause joining
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Building the paragraph…
Turkey is a large country in southeast Europe and southwest Asia. It is bordered by several countries. The capital is called Ankara. The city has a population of nearly three million.
clause joining
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Building the paragraph...
Adding an active clause:Turkey is bordered by several countries.The countries include Bulgaria, Georgia…
Turkey is bordered by several countries,including Bulgaria, Georgia…
clause joining 2
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Building the paragraph...
Adding a passive clause:Turkey is a large country …It is bordered by several countries…
Turkey is a large country bordered by several countries…
clause embedding
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Building the paragraph...
Clause embedding – same subject:The capital is called Ankara. The capital is located in the centre of the country.
The capital, which is located in the centre of the country, is called Ankara.
clause eb
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Building the paragraph...
Clause embedding – subject = object:Ankara has a population of three million.The government moved to Ankara in the 1920s.
Ankara, which the government moved to (it) in the 1920s, has a population of three million
building a para
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Building the paragraph…
Turkey is a large country in southeast Europe and southwest Asia, bordered by several countries, including Bulgaria, Georgia, Syria and Iraq. The capital, which is located in the centre of the country, is called Ankara. The city, which the government moved to in the 1920s, has a population of three million.
transferring
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Transferring the skill
Now write a paragraph about your own country in the same way.• research the information• put into logical groups• write simple sentences• add information to simple sentences• add lexical cohesion• join and embed clauses
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svo in reading - reduction
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
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Using SVO/CA in reading
The company owns a Victorian house on the outskirts of Manchester. It has six full time employees including the owner, Sarah James. The company has only two departments called Production and Sales. It employs a retired accountant for invoices and payslips. The company sells interactive games on the internet.
traditional presentation and practice
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Traditional presentation and practice
GEtablesgap fill sentence anagramstransformationjoining sentences
EAPadd S V O/C A + colour codingsingle word classsame SV O/C A structureinclude passivesno ellipsis
slow cities again
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The aim of Slow Cities is to make our towns places where people enjoy living and people enjoy working and where they value the things that make the town different and protect the things that make the town different.
problem of co-oidnation
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Co-ordinationYou have lectures every morning
People use their instinct
You could take a taxi
Decision-making is not a moment in time
You must not evaluate ideas
The lecturer does not know
Senior managers should not criticise
and
and
or
but
or
or
but
you keep arriving late.
hope they have done the right thing.
go in your father’s car.
a process.
criticise them at this stage.
care about your problems.
support their supervisors.
new presentation and practice
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‘New’ presentation and practice
article noun
the engineer
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‘New’ presentation and practice
article noun noun
the computer engineer
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‘New’ presentation and practice
article noun noun apposition
the computer engineer Alan Turing
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‘New’ presentation and practice
article noun noun apposition prepositional phrase
the computer engineer Alan Turing of Cambridge University
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‘New’ presentation and practice
article adjective noun noun apposition prepositional phrase
the famous computer engineer Alan Turing of Cambridge University
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‘New’ presentation and practice
article adjective noun noun apposition prepositional phrase
the famous computer engineer Alan Turing of Cambridge University
expensive software programs for the retail industry
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‘New’ presentation and practicequantifier article noun prepositional phrase
many of the students in the survey
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‘New’ presentation and practicequantifier article noun prepositional phrase
many of the students in the survey
a few of the results from the experiment
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‘New’ presentation and practicequantifier article noun prepositional phrase
many of the students in the survey
a few of the results from the experiment
fifty percent of the people in the class
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‘New’ presentation and practicequantifier article noun prepositional phrase
many of the students in the survey
a few of the results from the experiment
fifty percent of the people at the conference
a little over half of the countries of the world