the mathematical models integration framework · main focus on co 2 but the method is applicable...
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Pollutants and energy
assessment of ITS-ICT measures
The mathematical models integration framework
S. Toffolo CNH - IVECO
POLIS Conference Madrid Air Quality Workshop 26th November 2014
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ICT-emissions objective
Overall methodology
to evaluate the impacts
of ICT solutions and ITS systems
on energy and emissions
main focus on CO2 but the method is applicable also to other pollutants
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EXTERNAL RELATION & COMMUNICATION – Centro Studi sui Sistemi di Trasporto
� Navigation and Travel Information
� Traffic Management and Control
� Demand & Access Management
� Driver behaviour change and eco driving
� ADAS
� Others
ITS measures to be assessed categories
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The issue:
assess the overall benefits
• all the potential measures have to be taken into account :
ITS (ICT) measures can reduce CO2
also if they have been developed for other objectives
• “transport” system measures can reduce CO2
• “local” actions can get an overall effect
.
usual to ASSESS the
benefits of ITS for
the SINGLE vehicle
or the LOCAL area it can be easy : with ad-hoc
survey
but.. HOW to know what is
the AREAWIDE EFFECT?
or get idea of future
innovation technology? sometimes the benefit for one is a
disadvantages for others….
how to ASSESS it?
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Disper
sion
Disper
sion
Solution: simulation models
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Dispersion model
can be an additional
future element
Mission
Traffic
Vehicle dynamics
Emis-sions
Additional tools for
integration
Interfaces
Parameter submodule
Fleet module
Assessment in the context:
taking account of
occurrences of
different situations
Theoretical potential scenario
matrices
Fleet6
Fleet5
Fleet4
Fleet3
Fleet2
Fleet1
Free Flow
Congestion
Medium Flow
Urban Extra
Urban
Scen TF/U/Fx
Scen TM/U/Fx
Scen TC/U/Fx
Scen TF/E/Fx
Scen TM/E/Fx
Scen TC/E/Fx
Highway
Scen TC/H/Fx
Scen TC/H/Fx
Scen TC/H/Fx
Scen Tx/U/Fx
Scen Tx/U/Fx
Scen Tx/E/Fx
Scen Tx/E/Fx
Scen Tx/H/Fx
Scen Tx/H/Fx
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Methodological process
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The main mathematical models
Traffic model
Vehicle controlmodel
Traffic model
Emission model Emission model
macro
macro
micro
micro
CO 2 Emissions
global case
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Methodology tested with
commercial tools
Traffic model
Vehicle control
model
Traffic model
Emission model Emission model
macro
macro
micro
micro
CO 2 Emissions
global case
AIMSUN VISUM
AIMSUN VISSIM
COPERTMESSINA
CRUISE
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Models and integration
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The integration framework
and its parts
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� Micro - Macro
� Traffic to Emission
� Macro
� Micro
� Model Enhancements
Integration: Macro to Micro• Consistency
� Graph
� Zones and OD demand
• from Macro to Micro
� extract Graph
� extract OD mobility demand
Area of Micro-Simulation
(micro-Graph)
Origin Link
Destination Link
D
Y
A BC
D
E
F
G
HI
LM
NO
P
Q
R
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Integration: Micro to Macro
• Fundamental diagram
consistency
estimate Macro cost function parameters via micro-simulation data
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Macro: Traffic to Emission• Post-process for traffic results using
fleet composition
� distribute total flow in Macro-veh classes by road type
� best estimation of flow in vehicle-classes & speed (/LOS cong. Level) for road type
� prepare data for emission model
• Pre-process for emission model
� macro emission model suppose to work with aggregated data:
• it is useful automatisms for estimating CO2
from many traffic data
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Micro: Traffic to Emission
• Post-process for traffic results using
fleet composition
� distribute traffic data including speed cycles in vehicle classes (segments)
• Pre-process for emission model
� the instantaneous model is generally used for one vehicle
� interface should automatize data splitting to single vehicles detailsor aggregate the traffic results when macro is needed
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Example of model
enhancements• Advanced Driver Assistance System
vehicle integration
� integration of vehicle control model with traffic simulation model
� Python program and SDK
• Enhancements of Gipps model
� coherence for macro integration� Fundamental diagram consistance
� simulation of eco-drive
� Python program and SDK
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The integration platformThe developed procedures
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VISSIM
The main steps
The procedures are grouped
� Micro
� Traffic
� Emissions
� Results
� Macro
� Traffic
� Emission
� Results
Easy graphical interface
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Easy-to-use Integration tool
Micro
scenarios
Macro
scenarios
Micro simulator
Traffic - EmissionMacro simulator
Traffic - Emission
DataBase Library:
with CO2 benefits for
ICT solutions
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Result example - ICT measure
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
free traffic congested traffic
CO2 g/km
ICT measure
ICT OFF
ICT ON
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Backup
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Integration of the ADAS Simulator into the ICT-Emissions Modeling Framework
Prg. interface (API)
Microscopic
traffic simulator
Vehicle data
Sensor model
vego vdes vrel tar d
vego,next
vego vdes vrel tar d vego,next
ACC/
Driver modelPowertrain
model
Simulated bus system
a
τ
τ
SUMO
� Driver simulator has to work with the micro-traffic simulators used in ICT-Emissions
� Powertrain model has to be consistent with the micro-emission models in ICT-Emissions
� Versatile architecture with exchangable components
� Extensions in the bus system for larger vehicle fleets
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Results: CO2 reductionsAimsun (urban scenario with
roundabouts)
SUMO (urban ring road scenario)
Low
traffic
level
High
traffic
level
CO2
red.
CO2
red.
ACC penetration level
ACC penetration level
CO2
red.
CO2
red.
ACC penetration level
ACC penetration level
Results obtained from simulations with the powertrain model from D.4.2.2
10,1% 8,9%
6,3% 7,4%
*from D.4.1.2
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Details on ITS measures
Road Types:
• Urban
• Rural
• Highway
Affected parameters:
• Road
• Traffic Volume
• Traffic Composition
• Average Speed
• Driving Dynamics
Models:
• Micro traffic model (AIMSUN, VISSIM, …)
• Vehicle dynamic model (BM-model-Messina, …)
• Macro traffic model (AIMSUN, VISUM, MT.MODEL …)
• Micro emission model (AVL CRUISE, PERFECT,..)
• Macro emission model (COPERT, , …)
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The core of the project:
model integration
macro traffic simulation
model
AIMSUN
VISUM
MT.MODEL
micro traffic simulation
model
AIMSUN
VISSIM
vehicle control &
driver model
Messina
macro emission
model
COPERT-LAT
Instanta-neuos
emission model
Cruise AVL
+LAT models
Additional tools for integration
Interfaces
Parameter submodule
Fleet module
Etc.
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Methodology base concepts
The bricks of the
’’quantitative’’
assessment
simulation models• Traffic model
• Vehicle control model
• Emission model
model level for specific context• Micro• Meso• Macro
simulation models
Traffic model
Vehicle control model
Emission model
model level for specific context
Micro
Macro
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