The Mayflower and Plymouth

Religious Freedom

• Church of England leaders dressed like royalty

• Separatists didn’t want a fancy church with alters, candles and pipe organs

• Wanted good men, not rich men, to lead their church

• Believed the church could not be changed• Covenant – an agreement to form their

own church

Charter

• Grant from the king to help settle and manage the English colony in America

Those Aboard the Mayflower

• Ship carried Separatists and Strangers• All of the passengers on the Speedwell had to

load onto the Mayflower after the speedwell developed several leaks.

• Hired Miles Standish – a professional soldier and John Alden – a cooper (barrel maker)

• 102 passengers including 34 children• 2 dogs• 30 crew members• Size of a basketball court

Voyage

• 67 days

• Wet and miserable

• During a storm a beam cracked and caused leaking

• Two people died on the voyage

• One child was born

Oceanus Hopkins

• Only child born aboard the Mayflower

• Mother was one of only four women to survive the first winter

• Oceanus only lived to be about 3 years old

Seasickness

• Passengers were seasick

• Sailors called them “glib glabbity puke stockings”

• One particularly nasty soldier told them he couldn’t wait for them to die so he could watch their bodies be thrown overboard. He died and his body was thrown overboard.

Mayflower Compact

• Helped establish democracy in North America

The Mayflower Haven

• The Mayflower was supposed to return home after dropping off Pilgrims.

• Captain Christopher Jones decided to stay for the 1st winter.

• Pilgrims may not have had shelter were it not for him.

• Returned to England was never again used to carry passengers

Plymouth

• 2nd permanent settlement

• 102 settlers had intended to settle further south

• John Carver was the 1st Governor

Miles Standish

• Led 16 pilgrims ashore to look around

First Winter

• Had no fruit or vegetables

• Disease spread

• Only 7 pilgrims were healthy enough to care for the sick

• 1 building burned and many supplies were lost

Death

• Half of the group died of illness, starvation, and cold

• Many survivors were under 16

Helping Hands

• Squanto, Massasoit, and others taught the Europeans how to fish and fertilize

• Thanksgiving was a 3 day celebration – Venison– Roast– Duck– Goose– Eel– clams

Pilgrim Timeline

1606 1609 1620 1621 1627 1691

Pilgrims cross theAtlantic

and establishPlymouth

First Thanks-giving

Fortune brings more

settlers

Plymouth becomes

part of

Royal Colony of Mass.

Pilgrims begin

meetingin

Scrooby

Pilgrims move to Leiden inHolland

Populationgrows to

150