the “melting pot” vs. the “salad bowl”. people who “want to live in more diverse...
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The “Melting Pot” vs.
the “Salad Bowl”
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People who “want to live in more diverse communities”
More ConservativeRepublicans: 32%
Republicans: 35%Independents: 57%Democrats: 58%More Liberal Dems: 65%
College Grads: 62%HS Grads: 46%
Data: Pew Research Center (2009)
White: 50%Black: 59%Hispanic: 46%
Attend Wkly Serv: 44%Seldom Attnd. Serv: 55%
Under 65: 53%Over 65: 41%
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People who want to live with “many immigrants”
More Conserv. Repub: 14%Republicans: 16%Independents: 24%Democrats: 32%More Liberal Dems: 44%
City: 33%Suburb: 26%Rural: 12%
Data: Pew Research Center (2009)
White: 20%Black: 29%Hispanic: 40%
Midwest: 15%South: 23%East: 27%West: 33%
18-29: 36%Over 65: 12%
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People who prefer to live in a community “made up mainly of people of their same racial ancestry”
Republicans: 32%Democrats: 15%
18-29: 15%30-49: 17%50-64: 22%65+ : 33%
Data: Pew Research Center (2009)
White: 23%
Black: 9%
Hispanic: 21%
Midwest: 26%
South: 20%
East: 17%
West: 17%
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MULTICULTURALISM:
Cultural groups maintain much of their distinctness
A society in which there is one culture composed of overlapping sub-cultures
Cultural differences are not discouraged
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PROBLEMS WITH MULTICULTURALISM
By “embracing” differences we can “encourage” overemphasizing them-- this invariably leads to a fracturing of the social fabric
It slows the assimilation process and leads new migrants and cultural groups into isolation
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BENEFITS OF MULTICULTURALISM
Leads to more dynamic societal transformation
Empowers people/groups who have historically been marginalized
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WHY IS CONTINUED “MULTICULTURALIS
M” INEVITABLE?
FIVE REASONS
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1. THE U.S. IS THE WORLD’S MOST “MULTICULTURAL”
NATION
United States is a “Creole land”
We are currently the most diverse country in the worldancestry & culture
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SOC 119 – Fall 20091. I identify myself as:
• White-European – 68.2%• Black-African American – 11%• Asian-Indian Asia – 8.1%• Native American-American Indian –
0.3 %• Hispanic – 6.6%• Middle Eastern – 1.0%• Ethno racially Mixed – 4.8%
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2. GLOBALISM IS UPON US
We will always have to interact with “foreign” peoples & cultures
We cannot “afford” to be xenophobic
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Here’s what happens every 24/7, 365 around the globe
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3. NON-EUROPEAN IMMIGRATION IS RISING
2050: White - 52.8%2050: P of C - 47.2%
* Based on 2005 U.S. Census projections
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SOC 119 – Fall 20099. How familiar are you with a
language (besides English) that is native to one or some of your
ancestors?
• I am fluent – 13.5%• I am somewhat familiar – 20.0%• I cannot speak but understand – 8.0%• I cannot speak or understand, but others
in my home speak a language besides English – 5.0%
• I speak only English – 53.5%
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 12. If I entered a small grocery store and
the clerk spoke none of the languages that I speak, I would:
• Feel very uncomfortable – 9.7%• Feel somewhat uncomfortable, but I would find it
interesting. – 23.1%• Feel comfortable but I probably would not try to
communicate with the person, aside from paying for my groceries. – 48.4%
• Feel intrigued and probably try to communicate in some way with the person (e.g., ask them how to say “hello” in their language). – 18.8%
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4. ASSIMILATION WILL NEVER FULLY OCCUR:
Assimilation: the process by which a person adopts the culture of another group and abandons his/her own
* In the U.S., this is called "Anglo conformity“ (i.e., people adopt what is seen as “white culture”)
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 20. What percentage of the people who attend
your “place of worship” (e.g., church, synagogue, mosque) are of your race?
• Over 90% - 48.0%• Between 80-90% - 17.0%• Between 30-70% - 5.7%• Less than 30% - 5.5%• I don’t attend a place of worship – 23.8%
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 11. Have you ever “shared
saliva” with someone of different race?
• Yes – 35.8%• No – 47.5%• Yes…and I’ve shared considerably
more than just saliva. – 16.7%
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 6. How often have you gotten high or drunk
with someone of a different race? (The emphasis is on “with” here and not someone who happened to be standing next to you at
some party and offered you a beer.)
• I never get high or drunk – 12.7%• I never have…yet – 6.0%• Once or twice in my life – 26.9%• I regularly get high/drunk with people of
different races – 38.8%• Too often to count – 15.6%
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 4. How often have you shared a meal in the home of someone of a different race.
• Never – 9.3%• 1-3 times – 33.4%• 4-8 times – 14.9%• On numerous occasions – 42.4%
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These are roughly the same rates as 90-130 years ago when European
immigration peaked.
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OBSTACLES TO ASSIMILATION:
Dominant groups often demand assimilation and integration in theory only
Migrating groups struggle to let go of their ties to their homelands
– Psychological– Sociological
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 7. If I fell in love with someone of ANY
OTHER different race than my own, my parents or guardians would be cool with
it.
• Strongly Agree – 25.6%• Agree – 31.6%• Neutral – 22.0%• Disagree – 13.7%• Strongly Disagree – 7.1%
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 19. I would like to live in a neighborhood that was comprised of the following racial mixture:
Nearly 100% white – 13.8%Nearly 100% people of color – 1.1%75% white & 25% people of color – 40.7%50% white & 50% people of color – 37.6%25% white and 75% people of color – 6.8%
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5. AMALGAMATION WILL ALWAYS BE IN PROCESS
Amalgamation occurs when two or more groups combine to form a totally new group. In the U.S. this is the "melting pot" idea.
vs. Integration
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 2. If I had the opportunity of eating food that was familiar to me or eating food of another
cultural that I’ve never tried before, I would eat the unfamiliar food.
• Strongly Agree – 15.3%• Agree – 31.7%• Neutral – 22.0%• Disagree – 25.0%• Strongly Disagree – 6.0%
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SOC 119 – Fall 2009 3. I am open to marriage (or lifetime
commitment) with someone from another racial ancestry group.
• Strongly Agree – 35.9%• Agree – 36.8%• Neutral – 16.5%• Disagree – 8.6%• Strongly Disagree – 2.2%
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OBSTACLE TO AMALGAMATION :
Amalgamation eventually gets derailed
* Groups in power they generally end up demanding assimilation