the microscope sixth grade science class dtresten.hildebrandt.2001/2 modified by tcrannie 02/03...
TRANSCRIPT
The Microscope
Sixth Grade Science Class
DTresten.Hildebrandt.2001/2Modified by TCrannie 02/03
Modified by SDillon 12/03/2007
This is the
microscope that is similar to the one we will use in our
science lab. It’s the one used in science labs all over the world.
Photo by D. Tresten, 2002
Background Information
Two types of lenses:
• Convex Lens
• Concave Lens
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Light and Color - Human Vision: Interactive Java Tutorial
Molecular Expressions: Light and Color - The Bi-Convex Lens: Interactive Java Tutorial
Molecular Expressions: Light and Color - Bi-Concave Lenses: Interactive Java Tutorial
The Human Eye
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/anatomy/introduction.html
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Light and Color - Human Vision: Interactive Java Tutorial
Microscopes Work on the Principal of Magnification
• Looking through crystals and raindrops taught people about magnification.
• Microscopes contain convex lenses, which magnify objects.
Molecular Expressions: Light and Color –
The Bi-Convex Lens: Interactive Java Tutorial
Objects in Which Convex Lenses are Used:
Click to see5 images
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
History of the Microscope
A-Z Microscope Welcomes You!
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Contents
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General
History
Famous
People
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Anatomy of the Microscope - Introduction
Hooke
Leeuvenhoek
Anton Von Leeuvenhoek
• Lived during 17th century• First man to make and
use microscope• His microscope magnified
270x and looked like this:
A-Z Microscope Welcomes You!
Glass-sphere microscopeScroll down this site to see a detailed drawing of the scope: Back to
History
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/anatomy/introduction.html
A-Z Microscope Welcomes You!
Robert Hooke
Hooke wanted to know what something living looked like when it was strongly magnified. Since he knew that he would need to cut a really thin layer to view through his microscope, he chose to view a piece of easily-sliced cork tree…
A-Z Microscope Welcomes You!
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Cork oak (Quercus suber) with sections of cork removedEric G. Carle—Shostal/EB Inc.
ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA
http://www.britannica.com/eb/art?id=10558&type=ANext Page
Cork Cells
NIGMS -- Inside the Cell/ Drawing of cork tissue
When Hooke
viewed the thin layer of
cork through
his micro-scope, this is
what he saw:
Credit: National Library of Medicine, NIH
Next Page
The small structures that “made up” cork reminded Hooke of the prison cells of his century…
NIGMS -- Inside the Cell/ Drawing of cork tissue
Cork Cells
Prison Cells
Credit: National Library of Medicine, NIH
Next Page
…so he named the small structures “cells.”
Prison Cells
Plant Cells
Plant Cell (viewed through a
modern microscope)
Richard Kirby, Oxford Scientific Films
Plant -- Media -- Encarta ® Online
Table of
Contents
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
Why Use a Microscope?To see this…
Click on Image Gallery
to see why:CELLS alive!
Next Page
CELLS alive!
And this…
Click on Image Gallery
to see why:CELLS alive!
Dangerous water-born parasite. Most dangerous for persons withCompromised immune systems.
Next Page
CELLS alive!
And this…
Click on Image Gallery
to see why:CELLS alive!
Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) crystals.
Next Page
CELLS alive!
And this…
Click on Image Gallery
to see why:CELLS alive!
Daphnia (water flea) found in pond water.
Next Page
CELLS alive!
And this…
CELLS alive!
•Dust mite, found in beds, carpets, and sofas.•Eat dead skin cells and crumbs from crackers or cookies.•May cause itching if too many of them.Next
PageCELLS alive!
Back To Table of Contents
And this…
Guess It!
http://www.mos.org/sln/SEM/gallery.html
Jump to Cells PPT
Back to Contents
Images Seen Through Microscopes
CELLS alive!
Click on Image Gallery to view cells through
compound scope
The Molecular Expressions Photo Gallery
http://www.mos.org/sln/SEM/
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Electron Microscopy Interactive Java Tutorials - Virtual Scanning Electron Microscopy
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
Let’s learn the names of the parts of the microscope, so
that we can later learn how to use each part…
Click here to begin
See the Names of the Parts
Eyepiece (or Ocular) (10x)Body tube
Base (Legs)
Coarse Adjustment Knob
ArmFine Adjustment Knob
Revolving NosepieceLow Power Objective
(10x)
Disc DiaphragmIn-base
illuminator Light Source (Mirror,
not lamp)
1
2
4
5
6
9
10
8
7
Stage Opening
4
12Inclination Joint
13High Power Objective (50x)
http://www3.telus.net/micron/microscope/lab
scope.jpg
3
Stage
Click to see names
11
Stage clips
Watch How Light Travels Through a Microscope
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Anatomy of the Microscope - Transmitted Light Microscopy Optical Pathways: Interactive Java Tutorial
Back To Table of Contents
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
Back to
Contents
Learn the Functions
Magnify 10x
Support lenses
Support microscope
Focus quickly but coarsely
Hold body tube/Carry
Slowly and finely move objectives toward/away from specimen to focus finely
To turn objectives into place over specimen
Magnify 10x
Allow more/less light
Send light up through specimen
Allow light to reach specimen
Bend eyepiece toward your eye
Magnify 50X
A-Z Microscope Welcomes You!
Repeat this Slide
Hold slide
To play: Name my functions in order, out loud. Click on each part to see if you were correct.
Back to Contents
Name My Functions
Game
Magnify 10x
Support lenses
Support microscope
Focus quickly but coarsely
Hold body tube/CarrySlowly and finely
move objectives toward/away from specimen to focus finely
To turn objectives into place over specimen
Magnify 10x
Allow more/less light
Send light up through specimen
Allow light to reach specimen
Bend eyepiece toward your eye
Magnify 50X
Hold slide
Zeiss
Microscope(Ours)
Name its parts
Back To Table of Contents
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
Care of the Microscope,Page 1 of 3
Click in each blank after you say the answer aloud:
Always carry a microscope with _______ hands, one on the ______ and the other on the ________.
twoarmbase
Back to Table of Contents
Click here to view answers
Go to Page 2: Care of Microscope
Care of the MicroscopePage 2 of 3
Clean lenses with ______ _________ only.
lenspaper
NEVER touch _________ with finger tips.
lensesClick here to view answers
Go to Page 3: Care of Microscope
Back to Table of Contents
Always keep the scope _____
from the _______ of the
_________.
Care of the MicroscopePage 3 of 3
away
edge
table
Back to Table of Contents
Go to Page 1: Care of Microscope
Click here to view answers
How to Use the Microscope
How to Wake It Up
How to Focus
How to Put it to Bed
How to Make a Wet Mount
Back To Table of Contents
To Use the Scope, Wake It Up:Use of the Microscope
Page 1
2. Place LOW powered (10x) objective over stage opening.
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More About Use
3. Plug in scope.
4. Place wet-mounted slide on stage (only if objective is far away).
5. Turn on lamp.
1. Check: Is objective AWAY from stage?
Click to see5 steps
How to Use the Microscope
How to Wake It Up
How to Focus
How to Put it to Bed
How to Make a Wet Mount
Back To Table of Contents
What does “focus” mean?
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Electron Microscopy Interactive Java Tutorials - Virtual Scanning Electron Microscopy
In this site, raise and lower the “focus” knob to see how blurry and sharp the image of the specimen will appear.
Back to Contents
How to Focus
How to Focus on a Specimen:
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Electron Microscopy Interactive Java Tutorials - Virtual Scanning Electron Microscopy
Back to Contents
Click below to practice focusing:
Step 1: Focusing
Set Disc Diaphragm to 1,“Least Light” Setting
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See Close-Up of Disc Diaphragm
SeeNext Step
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Close-up of disc diaphragm(as seen from underneaththe stage)
SeeNext Step
Set Scope to Low Power (100x)
In other words, set the 10x objective in place over the stage opening.
SeeNext Step
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Place specimen (which is on a slide) directly over the stage opening and secure it with
stage clips…
Looking from the side, use the coarse adjustment knob to raise the stageas close as possible to the objectives…
Back to Contents
SeeNext Step
Looking through the eyepiece for the first time (with both eyes open), use the coarse and/or fine adjustment knob/s untilthe specimenis in sharp,clearfocus. Back to
Contents
SeeNext Step
Use of the MicroscopePage 3
If there is too little light, rotate the disc diaphragm to another opening.
Back to Contents
More About Use
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Electron Microscopy Interactive Java Tutorials - Virtual Scanning Electron Microscopy
Click below to practice focusing:
How to Focus on a Specimen, Cont’d:
SeeNext Step
Note: If the object is a blur or just a shadow, it is NOT in focus. Keep turning the coarse/fine adjustment knobs.
Back to Contents
SeeNext Step
How to Focus on a Specimen, Cont’d:
Back to Contents
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Electron Microscopy Interactive Java Tutorials - Virtual Scanning Electron Microscopy
Click below to practice focusing:
How to Use the Microscope
How to Wake It Up
How to Focus
How to Put it to Bed
How to Make a Wet Mount
Back To Table of Contents
Always put our microscopes “to bed” after labs:
Use of the MicroscopePage 4
1. Turn off the lamp
2. Unplug scope
3. Place 10x (LOW powered) objective over stage opening
4. Move stage away from objectives
5. Take out slide
6. Clean stage, slide and cover slip
Back to Contents
More About Use
Click to view 6 steps for putting micro-
scope to bed
How to Use the Microscope
How to Wake It Up
How to Focus
How to Put it to Bed
How to Make a Wet Mount
Back To Table of Contents
How to Prepare a Slide (How to Make a Wet Mount)
Microscope Lab - Wet Mounts
Staining Cells
Back to Contents
More About Use
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
Types of Microscopes
Electron Microscopehttp://www.mos.org/sln/SEM/
Compound Light
Microscope
Back to
Contents
See real images!
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Museum of Microscopy - Siemens Elmiskop IA Transmission Electron Microscope
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Anatomy of the Microscope - Introduction
Zeiss Microscope
(Ours)
This is the
microscope that we will use in our science
lab. It’s the Zeiss model
used in science labs all over the
world.
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/anatomy/introduction.html
Back To Table of Contents
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
Other Topics
Cool Links about Microscopy
Glass-sphere microscope
http://www.uq.edu.au/nanoworld/images_1.html
Back to
Contents
Ethical Use of the MicroscopeSetting Up a Microscope Lab
How to Safely Collect Pond Water Samples
Microscopic Life in Water
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care
Permissions: Photographs
Encyclopedia Britannica(Photograph of Cork tree):You may print or download Materials on the Site for your personal, non-commercial use, provided you keep intact all copyright and other proprietary notices.
Back To
Table of
Contents
Content on the CELLS alive! website is the property of Quill Graphics and is subject to international copyright laws. The site is provided as a free classroom educational resource to thousands of students and teachers each day and we encourage the use of the site and images in the classroom setting. However, any use outside the school classroom is restricted.
STUDENTS AND TEACHERS ARE GRANTED PERMISSION TO:
•use images from this site in class reports, projects, homework, and lectures, including printing in handouts and classroom projection using presentation software like PowerPoint® •post three images on a SCHOOL WEBSITE if you provide both a credit and a link to CELLS alive!
CELLS alive!
Photographs taken by D. Tresten, 2002, may be reused by teachers and students in an educational setting.
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/anatomy/introduction.html
Permissions: Clip Art
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Table of
Contents
Clip Art – From Microsoft Design Gallery
Permissions: Images
Back To
Table of
Contents
A-Z Microscope Welcomes You!
Pending – E-mail sent 5/8/02
© 1997-2002 A-Z Microscope Corporation. All rights reserved.Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission of A-Z
Microscope Company is strictly prohibited.
If given permission, I promised to include live link over image
Permission: Images from Molecular Expressions
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Anatomy of the Microscope - Microscope Objectives
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Museum of Microscopy
Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Virtual Microscopy: Interactive Java Tutorials
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PERMISSION FOR PHOTOS FROM THISSITE PENDING – sent E-mail 5/8/02
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/anatomy/introduction.html
Table of Contents
•Use
•Images
•Parts
•Types
•History
•Care