the mole
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The Mole. Chap. 11. No, not that mole!. Counting Particles. Counting Particles. There are common units to count things. Counting Particles. There are common units to count things. Pair. Counting Particles. There are common units to count things. Pair = 2 Dozen. Counting Particles. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The MoleThe MoleChap. 11Chap. 11Chap. 11Chap. 11
No, not that No, not that mole!mole!
No, not that No, not that mole!mole!
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting Particles
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things1.1. PairPair
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things1.1. Pair Pair = 2= 2
2.2. Dozen Dozen
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things1.1. Pair = 2Pair = 2
2.2. Dozen = 12Dozen = 12
3.3. ReamReam
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things1.1. Pair = 2Pair = 2
2.2. Dozen = 12Dozen = 12
3.3. Ream = 500 sheetsReam = 500 sheets
4.4. GrossGross
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things1.1. Pair = 2Pair = 2
2.2. Dozen = 12Dozen = 12
3.3. Ream = 500Ream = 500
4.4. Gross = 144Gross = 144
5.5. ‘‘Scop’ (not really)Scop’ (not really)
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things1.1. Pair = 2Pair = 2
2.2. Dozen = 12Dozen = 12
3.3. Ream = 500Ream = 500
4.4. Gross = 144Gross = 144
5.5. ‘‘Scop’ (not really) = 64Scop’ (not really) = 64
6.6. MoleMole
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesA.A. There are common There are common
units to count thingsunits to count things1.1. Pair = 2Pair = 2
2.2. Dozen = 12Dozen = 12
3.3. Ream = 500Ream = 500
4.4. Gross = 144Gross = 144
5.5. ‘‘Scop’ (not really) = 64Scop’ (not really) = 64
6.6. Mole = Avogadro’s #Mole = Avogadro’s #
Avogadro’s numberAvogadro’s number
A value equal to 6.0221367 x 1023.A value equal to 6.0221367 x 1023.
We’ll round it to: 6.02 x 1023
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesB.B. Converting with molesConverting with moles
1.1. Finding the number of Finding the number of particles from moles.particles from moles.
Self Check – Ex. 1Self Check – Ex. 1
How many atoms are in How many atoms are in 2 moles of helium?2 moles of helium?
Self Check – Ex. 2Self Check – Ex. 2
How many molecules How many molecules are in 7.5 moles of are in 7.5 moles of carbon dioxide?carbon dioxide?
I.I. Counting ParticlesCounting ParticlesB.B. Converting with molesConverting with moles
1.1. Finding the number of Finding the number of particles from moles.particles from moles.
2.2. Finding the number of Finding the number of moles from particles.moles from particles.
Self Check – Ex. 3Self Check – Ex. 3
A sample of lead A sample of lead contains 1.5 contains 1.5 xx 10 102424 atoms. How many moles atoms. How many moles of lead atoms are there?of lead atoms are there?
Self Check – Ex. 4Self Check – Ex. 4
A sample of zinc chloride A sample of zinc chloride contains 2.150 contains 2.150 xx 10 101818 formula units. How many formula units. How many moles of zinc chloride are moles of zinc chloride are there?there?
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleA.A. Different atoms have Different atoms have
different masses.different masses.
1 atom of carbon would 1 atom of carbon would
weigh ____ times more weigh ____ times more
than 1 atom of helium.than 1 atom of helium.
3
1 atom of carbon would 1 atom of carbon would
weigh ____ times more weigh ____ times more
than 1 atom of helium.than 1 atom of helium.
3
dozen atomsdozen atoms
dozen atomsdozen atoms
1 atom of carbon would 1 atom of carbon would
weigh ____ times more weigh ____ times more
than 1 atom of helium.than 1 atom of helium.
3
mole ofmole of
mole ofmole of
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleA.A. Different atoms have Different atoms have
different masses.different masses.
B.B. The mass on the P.T. The mass on the P.T. represents. . .represents. . .
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleA.A. Different atoms have Different atoms have
different masses.different masses.
B.B. The mass on the P.T. The mass on the P.T. represents. . .represents. . .1.1. The mass of 1 atom (in amu)The mass of 1 atom (in amu)
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleA.A. Different atoms have Different atoms have
different masses.different masses.
B.B. The mass on the P.T. The mass on the P.T. represents. . .represents. . .1.1. The mass of 1 atom (in amu)The mass of 1 atom (in amu)
2.2. The mass of 1 mole of atoms The mass of 1 mole of atoms (in grams)(in grams)
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleA.A. Different atoms have Different atoms have
different masses.different masses.
B.B. The mass on the P.T. The mass on the P.T. represents. . .represents. . .
C.C. This value is called the This value is called the molar mass.molar mass.
The mass of 1 mole of particles
If you weigh out 40 If you weigh out 40
grams of argon you have grams of argon you have
essentially counted essentially counted
______________ atoms.______________ atoms.
If you weigh out 40 If you weigh out 40
grams of argon you have grams of argon you have
essentially counted essentially counted
______________ atoms.______________ atoms.6.02 x 1023
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleD.D. Calculating with Calculating with
molar massmolar mass1.1. Using molar mass you can Using molar mass you can
convert from convert from to to . .
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleD.D. Calculating with Calculating with
molar massmolar mass1.1. Using molar mass you can Using molar mass you can
convert from convert from gramsgrams to to moles.moles.
Self Check – Ex. 5Self Check – Ex. 5
If a sample of aluminum If a sample of aluminum has a mass 81.0 g how has a mass 81.0 g how many moles are present?many moles are present?
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleD.D. Calculating with Calculating with
molar massmolar mass1.1. Using molar mass you can Using molar mass you can
convert from convert from gramsgrams to to moles.moles.
2.2. You can also convert from You can also convert from __________ to to ..
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleD.D. Calculating with Calculating with
molar massmolar mass1.1. Using molar mass you can Using molar mass you can
convert from convert from gramsgrams to to moles.moles.
2.2. You can also convert from You can also convert from molesmoles to to grams.grams.
Self Check – Ex. 6Self Check – Ex. 6
What is the mass of 0.25 What is the mass of 0.25 moles of chromium?moles of chromium?
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleD.D. Calculating with Calculating with
molar massmolar mass
E.E. Calculating the molar Calculating the molar mass of compoundmass of compound
One mole of CHOne mole of CH44 contains: contains:
ExampleExample
1 mole 1 mole of of carboncarbon
moles moles of of hydrogenhydrogen
One mole of CHOne mole of CH44 contains: contains:
ExampleExample
1 mole 1 mole of of carboncarbon
4 moles 4 moles of of hydrogenhydrogen
One mole of CHOne mole of CH44 contains: contains:
ExampleExample
1 mole 1 mole of of carboncarbon
4 moles 4 moles of of hydrogenhydrogen
weighs weighs 12 g12 g
weighs weighs ____________
One mole of CHOne mole of CH44 contains: contains:
ExampleExample
1 mole 1 mole of of carboncarbon
4 moles 4 moles of of hydrogenhydrogen
weighs weighs 12 g12 g
weighs weighs 4 4 xx (1) g (1) g
One mole of CHOne mole of CH44 contains: contains:
ExampleExample
1 mole 1 mole of of carboncarbon
4 moles 4 moles of of hydrogenhydrogen
weighs weighs 12 g12 g
weighs weighs 4 4 xx (1) g (1) g = 16 g/mol= 16 g/mol
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleD.D. Calculating with Calculating with
molar massmolar mass
E.E. Calculating the molar Calculating the molar mass of compoundmass of compound1.1. Add the masses of each of the Add the masses of each of the
atoms in the compound.atoms in the compound.
II.II. Massing a MoleMassing a MoleD.D. Calculating with Calculating with
molar massmolar mass
E.E. Calculating the molar Calculating the molar mass of compoundmass of compound1.1. Add the masses of each of the Add the masses of each of the
atoms in the compound.atoms in the compound.
2.2. Remember to multiply each Remember to multiply each atom’s mass by the number atom’s mass by the number atoms in the compound.atoms in the compound.
Self Check – Ex. 7Self Check – Ex. 7
What is the molar mass What is the molar mass of lithium nitrate, of lithium nitrate, LiNOLiNO33??
Self Check – Ex. 8Self Check – Ex. 8
What is the molar mass What is the molar mass of calcium acetate, of calcium acetate, Ca(CCa(C22HH33OO22))22??
III.III. Molar Volume of GasMolar Volume of Gas
The volume of 1 mole of gas particles when measured at STP
III.III. Molar Volume of GasMolar Volume of GasA.A. This is determined at This is determined at
specific conditions.specific conditions.
STP – standard temperature (0ºC) and standard pressure (1 atm)
III.III. Molar Volume of GasMolar Volume of GasA.A. This is determined at This is determined at
specific conditions.specific conditions.
B.B. It’s the same for all It’s the same for all gases.gases.
1 mole of gas at STP = 22.4 L
III.III. Molar Volume of GasMolar Volume of GasA.A. This is determined at This is determined at
specific conditions.specific conditions.
B.B. It’s the same for all It’s the same for all gases.gases.
C.C. ConversionsConversions
Self Check – Ex. 9Self Check – Ex. 9
What is the volume of 3 What is the volume of 3 moles of carbon dioxide moles of carbon dioxide gas at STP?gas at STP?
Self Check – Ex. 10Self Check – Ex. 10
How many moles of air How many moles of air are in a 64 L that is at 1 are in a 64 L that is at 1 atm and 0atm and 0ºC.ºC.
IV.IV. Multiple step conversionsMultiple step conversions
Just remember the mole is the central unit
MOLEMOLE
MassMass(grams)(grams)
VolumeVolume(liters)(liters)
particlesparticles(atoms, (atoms,
molecules, molecules, formula units)formula units)
Self Check – Ex. 11Self Check – Ex. 11
What is the mass of What is the mass of 11.2 L of carbon 11.2 L of carbon dioxide gas?dioxide gas?
Self Check – Ex. 12Self Check – Ex. 12
How many molecules of How many molecules of ammonia, NHammonia, NH33 are in a are in a
68-g sample?68-g sample?
IV.IV. Mole ratios in chemical Mole ratios in chemical formulasformulas
IV.IV. Mole ratios in chemical Mole ratios in chemical formulasformulas
A.A. The subscripts can give The subscripts can give a ratio of atoms in a a ratio of atoms in a compound.compound.
11 mole of N mole of N
1 mole of 1 mole of ammonia, NHammonia, NH33
mole of Nmole of N
11 mole of N mole of N
1 mole of 1 mole of ammonia, NHammonia, NH33
33 mole of N mole of N
1 mole of N1 mole of N
1 mole of 1 mole of ammonia, NHammonia, NH33
1 mole NH1 mole NH33 : 1 mole N : 1 mole N
3 mole of N3 mole of N
1 mole NH1 mole NH33 : 3 mole H : 3 mole H
1 mole of N1 mole of N
1 mole of 1 mole of ammonia, NHammonia, NH33
1 mole NH1 mole NH33 : 1 mole N : 1 mole N
3 mole of N3 mole of N
1 mole NH1 mole NH33 : 3 mole H : 3 mole H
1 mole NH1 mole NH33
1 mole N1 mole N1 mole NH1 mole NH33
1 mole N1 mole N
IV.IV. Mole ratios in chemical Mole ratios in chemical formulasformulas
A.A. The subscripts can give The subscripts can give a ratio of atoms in a a ratio of atoms in a compound.compound.
B.B. ConversionsConversions
Self Check – Ex. 13Self Check – Ex. 13
How many moles of How many moles of hydroxide ions are in hydroxide ions are in 1.2 moles of magnesium 1.2 moles of magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)hydroxide, Mg(OH)22??
Self Check – Ex. 14Self Check – Ex. 14
What is the mass of the What is the mass of the oxygen atoms in 4 moles oxygen atoms in 4 moles of sodium sulfate?of sodium sulfate?
The end.