The Muscular System

http://sparkcharts.sparknotes.com/health/generalanatomy/section13.php

Producing motion in the human body

Providing stability

Making heat

Digestion circulation

Ensures blood flow

Functions of the Muscular System

Skeletal muscles consist of densely packed groups of elongated cells called fascicles, that are held together by connective tissues

The general structure of a muscle fiber include myofibrils, which are composed of two kinds of filaments

Thin -Protein actin

Thick- Protein mysosin

The Structure of a Muscle

Diagram of a muscle

http://www.sport-fitness-advisor.com/muscle-anatomy.html

Three types of muscle tissuesSkeletal~ stripped

appearance

EX: cleitoids, abdominals

Smooth ~ round, in the

digestive track

EX: uterus, bladder, blood

vessels

Cardiac ~ round only on the

heart

EX: heart

http://www.clccharter.org/donna/medschool/systems/system%20research/muscular/Muscular%20System/Muscular%20Facts.html

Muscle FatigueIs the physiological

inability of a muscle to

contract

Causes:

~Lack of oxygen to the

muscle,

~Lack of ATP when

exerting energy

~ Large accumulation to

lactate

http://fastatforty.blogspot.com/2011/09/guest-blog-jonathan-toker-on-muscle.html

Effects of exercise on skeletal muscle

Regular exercise can increase muscle size , strength , endurance

Lowers children's risk of chronic pain in their future

Causes soreness

http://www.clccharter.org/donna/medschool/systems/system%20research/muscular/Muscular%20System/Muscular%20Facts.html

Interactions of Flexors and Extensors

Flexor~ decreases angle between two bones

Extensor~ increases angle between two bones

Ligaments ~ connects bone to bone

Tendons ~connects muscle to bone

http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/muscles.htm

Connective tissues Loose connective~ fibers & many cell

types in gelatinous matrix, found in skin, & surrounding blood vessels, nerves, and organs.

Dense connectives~ bundles of parallel collagen fibers& fibroblasts, found in tendons& ligaments.

Cartilage ~Cartilage is made of collagen & elastin fibers embedded in a matrix glycoprotein & cells called chondrocytes, which was found in small spaces.

http://www.hartnell.edu/faculty/aedens/Bio6L/Bio6Lconnective.html

Function of Tendons Tendons connect muscle to

bone

Also, carry tensile forces from muscle to bone

They carry compressive forces when wrapped around bone like a pulley

Contain: collagen fibrils, fibroblasts etc.

http://www.bhpain.com/bursitis_tendonitis

Role of the diaphragm The diaphragm, located below the lungs,

is the major muscle of respiration.

 Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges.

Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.

http://pennstatehershey.adam.com/content.aspx?productId=28&pid=28&gid=000141

Disorder of the muscleMuscle dystrophy is a group of

inherited muscles diseases in which muscle fibers are unusually susceptible to damage

In the late stages of muscle dystrophy fat, connective tissues, often replace muscle fibers and other organs

Symptoms: muscle weakness ,apparent lack of coordination.

http://www.beltina.org/health-dictionary/muscular-dystrophy-symptoms-treatment.html

Biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/muscles.htm

www.shsu.edu./~bio-mlt/chapter10.html

www.unp.me/muscularsystem

shs.wesport.k12.ct.us/anatomy.html

www.mayfieldclinic.com/PE-AnatSpine.htm

www.bing.com/health/article/mayo-MADS00200/

Muscular-clystrophy?a=muiscular+dystrophy&pah=muscular+dystrophy

Holt Moden Biology Textbook

Bibliography

Bibliography

 http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Muscle_fatigue

http://www.clccharter.org/donna/medschool/systems/system%20research/muscular/Muscular%20System/Muscular%20Facts.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/skeletalsmoothandcardiac/heart_beat.shtml

http://www.beltina.org/health-dictionary/muscular-dystrophy-symptoms-treatment.html

http://www.rapidlearningcenter.com/biology/anatomy-physiology/04-Tissues-of-the-Human-Body.html

http://www.rapidlearningcenter.com/biology/anatomy-physiology/04-Tissues-of-the-Human-Body.html

http://www.engin.umich.edu/class/bme456/ligten/ligten.htm