the national archives cloud storage and digital preservation
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Cloud Storage and Digital Preservation
Neil Beagrie (Charles Beagrie Ltd) Paul Miller and Andrew Charlesworth
Emma Markiewicz (TNA)
TNA Webinar : 13 May 2014
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TNA Cloud Storage Guidance
Neil Beagrie : Charles Beagrie Ltd
Paul Miller : Cloud of Data
Andrew Charlesworth : University of Bristol
Daphne Charles : Charles Beagrie Ltd
The Consultancy Team
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Webinar Overview 1. Why now?
2. The Guidance and Case Studies
3. Cloud Services and Storage
4. Legal Issues
5. Digital Preservation and Cloud Storage
6. Conclusions – potential, challenges, outcomes
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Why Cloud Storage and DP (now)? • Cloud First policy 2013
– Mandated for central government, strongly recommended to rest of public sector
• Digital preservation as a strategic interest – Increased digital content– cloud as component of preservation
solutions • Emerging specialist cloud preservation services
– Increased utility of established generic services. • Pilot activities in sector and opportunities for shared learning • More options now - not just Public Cloud • Financial pressures and interest in shared services
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Guidance Outline • Introduction
– Cloud storage overview, digital preservation security, legal, costs.
• Step by Step Guide – Business case, service options and providers, procurement.
• Future Developments • Current Best Practice • Further advice and guidance - annotated bibliography
– Relevant studies & standards + 5 Case Studies (linked documents)
• Legal Issues tables
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Case Studies • Archives and Records Council Wales Digital Preservation
Consortium [Microsoft Azure/Archivematica]
• Dorset History Centre [Preservica Cloud edition]
• Parliamentary Archives [Public Cloud/Preservica Enterprise edition]
• Tate Gallery [Archivum OSCAR]
• University of Oxford [private cloud]
• King’s College London (DuraSpace)
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Future Updates • Second Edition of Guidance to disseminate case study and
provider offering updates (Spring 2015) • Second Webinar focusing on updates (Spring 2015) • Second Edition of DPC Digital Preservation Handbook
(planned 2015-2016) • After 2015 the guidance will be integrated into the
Handbook alongside its wider treatment of digital preservation issues
• Subscribe to the digital preservation and NRA-Archives announcement email lists on JiscMail, and the TNA blog via its RSS feed to keep up to date with announcements
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Cloud Services • Cloud service definition (NIST 2011)
– On-demand self-service. Users can access resources automatically as needed.
– Broad network access. Resources are accessed over the network using standard tools.
– Resource pooling. Resources are shared between users according to demand.
– Rapid elasticity. Users can easily provision or release resources as needed.
– Measured service. Use of resources is metered, and users are charged on that basis.
• “Cloud services” can have all, most, (or none!)
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Cloud Storage • Cloud encompasses many different things
– Not all of them are relevant today
• Agility is (usually) the biggest benefit – Not cost (but can make savings or activity practical) – ‘Agility’ and ‘Long-term storage’ ?
• There’s a lot of hype – But some of it is true
• Cloud is not the answer to every IT problem.
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It’s not just Amazon…
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It’s not only in America…
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Building Blocks for re-sellers…
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Here be lawyers… • Risk assessment
– Legal requirements relating to management, preservation and storage of data (maintenance, data security, audit)
– Legal requirements arising from obligations to or from third parties (IPRs, data protection)
– Risks/issues relating to external service providers generally or Cloud Service technologies or services specifically
• Allocation of responsibility and risk – Development of appropriate Contractual and Service Level
Agreements to address elements of the risk assessment
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Digital Preservation “..the series of managed activities necessary to ensure continued access to digital materials for as long as necessary… beyond the limits of media failure or technological [and organisational] change”
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Record Lifecycles, Cloud and DP • Increasing volume (and
diversity) of digital record • Digital preservation still
often small-scale or tba • Most archives small or small
part of larger ones • Specialist digital activities
(and support for them) needed
• Cloud may help with some of them (now and in future)
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Service Providers • Generalists
– e.g. Amazon, Rackspace, et al
• Specialist/Niche service providers (relevant to sector) – e.g. Preservica (Tessella), Arkivum (A-Stor and OSCAR),
Archive-It (Internet Archive), DuraCloud (DuraSpace – US only currently), Archivematica (trial cloud deployment in Wales)
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Specialist Providers • Native (generalist) cloud providers will require additional
effort – From you, your contractors, or a third party like Duracloud or
Preservica • Security policies, data encryption, preservation tools, etc • Retention procedures • Integration with local management and access tools • Design for failure!
• None of this is impossible – Emerging priorities and practice? – snapshot in guidance and
case studies
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Certification and Audit • Cloud Security
– ISO 27001:2013, Information security management systems — Requirements.
– Business Impact Levels (IL) – EU’s Agency for Network & Information Security (ENISA) 2013, Cloud
Security Incident Reporting
• Digital Repositories – ISO 16363: 2012, Audit and certification of trustworthy digital
repositories – Data Seal of Approval – DIN 2012, DIN 31644 Criteria for Trusted Digital Repositories
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Conclusions
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The Potential • Cloud services can provide professionally managed digital
storage and integrity checking • Archives can add tools, etc. tailored for digital preservation
requirements via specialist vendors • There can be potential cost savings but key benefit may be
enabling activity for smaller archives • The flexibility of the cloud allows relatively rapid and low-
cost testing and piloting of providers • There is much greater flexibility and more options in
deployment of cloud services (public, private, hybrid, community) than before
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The Challenges • The Cloud is designed for flexibility and rapid change.
Archives however are long-term • Cloud can be cheaper, but it requires you to think
differently about the way budgets are managed • As in any form of outsourcing, exercise due diligence in
assessing and controlling the risks. You need to ensure legal requirements will be met
• Explicit provision must be made for pre-defined exit strategies should you need to move to another provider (or their viability changes)
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Outcomes • There is much that can be learnt from archives who
have already piloted or moved to use of cloud storage
• Several archives have integrated cloud storage into their digital preservation activities
• We profile case studies in the Guidance
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Further information or Follow-up
Consultancy team contact email: [email protected] TNA Guidance on Cloud Storage and Preservation will be published on TNA website shortly
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Questions?