the national flood insurance program
DESCRIPTION
The National Flood Insurance Program. A Program Overview. DEC Floodplain Coordinators Central Office. Bill Nechamen, CFM(518) 402-8146 Kelli Higgins-Roche, CFM(518) 408-0340 Rick Tuers(518) 402-8148 Dondi Saltsman(518) 402-8215. DEC NFIP Regional Coordinators REGIONAL OFFICES. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
The National Flood Insurance Program
A Program Overview
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
DEC Floodplain CoordinatorsCentral Office
• Bill Nechamen, CFM (518) 402-8146• Kelli Higgins-Roche, CFM (518) 408-0340• Rick Tuers(518) 402-8148• Dondi Saltsman (518) 402-8215
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Region 4: SchenectadyTom Blanchard, CFM
518-357-2379
Region 3: New PaltzMark Lewis
845-256-3822
DEC NFIP Regional CoordinatorsREGIONAL OFFICES
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
The National Flood Insurance Act of 1968
The National Flood Insurance Act created the Federal Insurance Administration and directed it to:
•Identify flood-prone areas within the U.S.•Establish flood-risk zones within those areas.•Require new and substantially improved buildings be constructed in ways that minimize flood damage.•Transfer cost of private property flood losses from taxpayer to property owner.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Flood Disaster Protection Actof 1973
Significant expansion of the NFIP and required:• Acceleration of flood insurance studies• Notification of flood-prone communities• Mandatory purchase requirement• Participation in the NFIP for Federal assistance
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994
• Expanded flood insurance purchase requirements / Lender penalties for non-compliance
• Requires lenders to determine if structure is located in a flood hazard area
• Flood disaster assistance requires maintenance of flood insurance policy
• Increased Cost of Compliance -- allows insurance payment to elevate, demolish or relocate structure
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Federal Role
• Risk identification/mapping• Establish development/building
standards• Provide affordable flood insurance
coverage
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
State Role• Establish development/building standards
– State building code– Model local law for flood damage prevention
• Provide technical assistance to local communities/agencies
• Under contract with FEMA, evaluate and document community/agency floodplain management activities
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Local Role
• Adopt local floodplain management laws
• Issue or deny development/building permits
• Inspect development• Maintain records
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definitions
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Special Flood Hazard Area
“Darkly shaded area on a Flood Hazard Boundary Map or a Flood Insurance Rate Map which identifies that area that has a 1 percent chance of being flooded in any given year. The FIRM identifies these shaded areas as flood zones A, AO, AH, A1-30, AE, A99, V, V1-30, and VE.”
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Base Flood• A flood that has a one-percent chance of
being equaled or exceeded in any given year. It often is referred to as the "100-year" flood.
– 26% chance of occurring in a 30-yr period– 39% chance of occurring in a 50-yr period– 63% chance of occurring in a 100-yr period
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Floodway
“...means the channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than one foot.”
Also referred to as the “Regulatory Floodway.”
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Hydraulics – Floodway Example
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Lowest Floor “...means the lowest floor of the lowest enclosed
area, including basement. An unfinished or flood resistant enclosure, usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage in an area other than a basement area is not considered a building’s lowest floor, provided that such enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation of the applicable non-elevation design requirements of this ordinance.”
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Lowest Floor ElevationsSlab Foundation
LowestFloor
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
LowestFloorOpening
(typical)
Lowest Floor ElevationsCrawl-Space Foundation
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Lowest Floor Elevations Split Level
GarageLowestFloor
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Lowest Floor ElevationsBasement Foundation
BasementLowest Floor
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Basement
• Basement or Cellar is that portion of a building having its floor subgrade (below ground level) on all sides.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Development “...means any man-made change to
improved or unimproved real estate, including but not limited to buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations or storage of equipment or materials.”
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Substantial Improvement
Any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or other improvements of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure before the “start of construction” of the improvement.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Substantial Improvement...
This term includes structures which have incurred “substantial damage”, regardless of the actual repair work performed.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Definition of Substantial Damage Damage of any origin sustained by a
structure whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its before damaged condition would equal or exceed 50% of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Substantial Improvement or Damage Does Not Include...
Any project for improvement of a structure to correct existing violations of state or local health, sanitary, or safety codes which have been identified by the local code enforcement official and which are the minimum necessary to assure safe living conditions or...
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Substantial Improvement or Damage Does Not Include...
Any alteration of an “historic structure”, provided that the alteration will not preclude the structure’s continued designation as an “historic structure.”
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Requirements For Substantial Improvement
Substantially improved structures are considered NEW CONSTRUCTION and must meet all of the minimum building standards of the NFIP.
Flood Insurance Studies and Maps
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Use the FIRM to
• Identify Special Flood Hazard Areas• Identify the location of specific property• Estimate BFE at a specific site• Determine flood insurance zone at a specific
site• Determine the location of the regulatory
floodway
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Types of Maps
• Flood Hazard Boundary Maps (FHBM)• Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM)• Flood Boundary Floodway Map (FBFM)• Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM)
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Level of Detail
• Approximate study--delineates "100-year" floodplain boundaries; does not determine base flood elevations or depths
• Detailed study--determines base flood elevations (BFEs) or depths to be displayed on FIRM
Reading a FIRMOpen Map Index and Find Panel
Older maps are by Community. Newermaps are by County.
Moving towards County-wide andWatershed based Mapping.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Some Map Features
Wavy Line used when FloodElevation Varies along Watercourse;Label used when flood elevationis uniform over large area.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Older “Flat” Maps
Flood Boundary & Floodway Map
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Flood Profile Example
527
528
529
530
5260 50 100 150
50-YEAR FLOOD
100-YEAR FLOOD
500-YEAR FLOOD
SUTT
ER B
LVD
BR
IDG
E
ELE
VA
TIO
N (F
EE
T N
GV
D)
STREAM DISTANCE IN FEET ABOVE CONFLUENCE WITH LAKE HIGHTOWER
531
532
BM
ON
TER
EY A
VE B
RID
GE
10-YEAR FLOOD
CA D E
STREAM BED
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Who Must Get Local Floodplain Development
Permits• Private Developers• Counties• Cities, Towns or Villages• School Districts• Public Improvement Districts
Established by Section 36-0107 of Environmental Conservation Law
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Human Caused Watercourse Alterations: Local Requirements
• Local Permits Required for Floodplain Development• LOMR may be Required• Provide required notifications of changes in existing
watercourses to...– FEMA– DEC– Adjacent Communities
Note: Permit holder must provide for maintenance of altered portion of watercourse in perpetuity.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
The Elevation Certificate
• Administrative tool of the NFIP
• Policy rating• Support of map
revisions and amendments
• Certify building elevations
• Community compliance
Download at:Download at:http://www.fema.gov/business/nfip/elvinst.shtmhttp://www.fema.gov/business/nfip/elvinst.shtm
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Elevation Requirements for Zones AE, AH, and A1-30
• All new construction and substantial improvement shall have the Lowest Floor, including basement, elevated to or above the BFE (Plus 2’ Freeboard if Residential Construction)
• The reference level for the lowest floor is measured at the top of the sub-floor
Residential Building Code: R322.2.1Residential Building Code: R322.2.1Building Code Section 1612.4: Refers to ASCE 24Building Code Section 1612.4: Refers to ASCE 24
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Elevation Requirements: Zone A- NO Base Flood
Elevation Data • All new construction or substantial improvement,
shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated at least three feet above the highest adjacent grade. (DEC Model Local Law; NYS Residential Building Code, R323.1.3.2)
• For subdivisions or other developments over 50 lots or 5 acres, applicant must provide flood elevation data and build accordingly. (FEMA Regulations: 44CFR60.3(b)(3))
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Elevation Requirements: Zone A- NO Base Flood
Elevation Data• If there is a Base Flood Elevation from a
reputable source, then use it.– NYS DEC– Corps of Engineers– NRCS– Historic Flood Data– Other engineering study, including for
development of over 5 acres or over 50 lots
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Unnumbered A ZONE REFERENCE LEVELS(DEPTH 3 FEET)
HIGHEST ADJACENT GRADE
LOWEST FLOOR REFERENCE LEVEL
FINISHED GRADE3 FEET
HIGHEST ADJACENT GRADE - HIGHEST NATURAL GRADEADJACENT TO THE FOOTPRINT OF THE BUILDING PRIORTO CONSTRUCTION.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Requirements in the Floodway• No new development, including fill, in
designated floodways that would increase flood heights.
• Developer must submit a hydraulic analysis which determines no rise in flood heights.
• If there is any rise, project must be reconfigured or maps revised.
• No variances for development in floodway.
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Construction Standards: Elevated Foundations
• Fill• Perimeter Wall• Pile
Slab on Fill
Fill
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Standards for Elevation on Fill
• Compaction• Will not settle below BFE• Slopes• Protection• Not in Floodway• Lowest floor must remain above BFE + 2
Perimeter Wall Foundation
Opening(typical)
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Standards for Elevation on Perimeter Wall Foundations
• Fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor shall be designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Minimum Standards for Foundation Openings
• A minimum of two openings having a total net area of not less than one square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding. The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot above grade.
• Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, valves, or other “automatic” coverings
Pile Foundation
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Post or Pile Foundations
• Have much greater resistance to lateral loads
• Should be used in areas of deep flooding and/or high velocities
• Over-the-top ties or frame ties must be used on manufactured homes to resist wind and water forces
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
All structures must be properly anchored.
--------------- When elevating a manufactured home
above the BFE, the home must be anchored to the foundation or ground to resist wind and water forces.
Anchoring and Elevated Foundations
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Floodproofing
ONLY NON-RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES MAY BE FLOODPROOFED IN LIEU OF ELEVATION.
PE or Architect Certification Required
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Standards For Utilities And Building Systems
All new construction and substantial improvement shall be constructed with electrical, HVAC, plumbing and other service facilities elevated or floodproofed to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding. (Resid. Code of NYS: R323.1.5)
UTILITY LOCATION SCHEMATIC
ATTIC WATER ATTICHEATER HVAC
PROPANE TANK
WELL HEAD
BFE BFE
SEPTICTANK
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Technical Bulletinshttp://www.fema.gov/fima/techbul.shtm
• Guide-01 User's Guide to Technical Bulletins
• 1-93 Openings in Foundation Walls: • 2-93 Flood-Resistant Materials
Requirements• 3-93 Non-Residential Floodproofing• 4-93 Elevator Installation • 5-93 Free-of-Obstruction Requirements • 6-93 Below-Grade Parking
Requirements • 7-93 Wet Floodproofing Requirements
• 8-96 Corrosion Protection for Metal Connectors in Coastal Areas
• 9-99 Design and Construction Guidance for Breakaway Walls Below Elevated Coastal Buildings
• 10-01 Ensuring that Structures Built on Fill In or Near Special Flood Hazard Areas are Reasonably Safe From Flooding
• 11-01 Crawlspace Construction for Buildings Located in Special Flood Hazard Areas
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
If a Structure is substantially damaged and is not brought
into compliance with the regulations and L.L., how will this impact flood insurance?
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
LOWEST FLOOR5’ NGVD
BFE 10 NGVD
2011 - Existing Pre FIRM Structure, With Basement
$100,000 coverage
Pre FIRM Rate = $948
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
LOWEST FLOOR5’ NGVD
BFE 10 NGVD
FLOOD!
Damage = $75,000Market Value = $100,000
STRUCTURE SUBSTANTIALLY DAMAGED
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
LOWEST FLOOR5’ NGVD
BFE 10 NGVD
Post FIRMRerating
Actuarial Rate$7,800 (2008)
Structure Repaired - Not Elevated
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
LOWEST FLOOR12’ NGVD
BFE 10 NGVD
Post FIRMRerating
Actuarial Rate$245
1994 - Structure Repaired - Elevated
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Post FIRMRerating
Actuarial Rate$791
1994 - Structure Repaired - Elevated
BFE 10 NGVD
LOWEST FLOOR10’ NGVD
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
Post FIRMRerating
Actuarial Rate$2653
1994 - Structure Repaired - Elevated
BFE 10 NGVD
LOWEST FLOOR9’ NGVD
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation