the new crusade world war ii and the foundations of the cold war
TRANSCRIPT
The New Crusade
World War II and the Foundations of the Cold War
I. The “Good” War
- Civilization in the balancetotalitarianismracisminequalitypoverty
A. Appeasement
1. Rhineland ‘36
2. Anschluss ‘37
3. Munich Agreement ‘38
4. Russo-German Non-Aggression Pact ‘39
B. Early struggles
1. France / Battle of Britain, 1940
2. Soviet Union, 1941
C. Western Alliance
1. The Atlantic Charter 1941
- internationalism
2. US as international power- June 26 1945, United Nations Charter
D. Domestic liberalism
- civil rights
- women’s rights
- social welfare
II. Origins of a New World Order
A. Groundwork
1. War in Russia Battle of Stalingrad, 1942
Battle of Kursk, 1943
2. Second front- D-Day
3. Yalta Conference January 1945
B. The Iron Curtain
1. Winston Churchill, 1946
C. Indirect opposition
1. 1947 – Truman Doctrine
2. Marshall Plan
3. “Atomic Diplomacy”
III. Life in the Atomic Age
A. 1949
1. Turning pointa. 1948 – Berlin Airlift
b. 1949 – China “lost”
c. 1949 – Russian bomb
d. 1950 – Korean War
B. Idealism to paranoia
1. McCarthyism - HUAC
2. Containment- George F. Kennan- NATO
Joseph McCarthy
C. War by Proxy
1. Deterrence
1961- Berlin Wall
1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis
2. JFK- flexible response
3. “Our Son-of-a-Bitch” Syndrome- freedom fighters?
E. Detente
1. Richard Nixon / Henry Kissinger
Cold War as a permanent condition
1972 – Nixon in China
Mao Tse-tung (Zedong)
F. Neo-Conservatism and the End of the Cold War, 1980 - 1989
1. 1. Reagan / Thatcher military strength
hostility to “socialist”
domestic policies
unabashed patriotism
2. Mikhail Gorbachev
Glasnost = “openness”
Perestroika = “economic / administrative reform”
3. 1989, Berlin Wall comes down
The End of History and the Last
Man - Fukuyama
Social Impact of the Cold War: a Brief Synopsis
I. Soviet Bloc
A. Communist society
1. Emphasis on heavy industry
fewer consumer goods
2. Heavily-subsidized social needs
inequities of wealth largely eliminated
women afforded legal equality
B. Limits of communism
1. No “civil society”
- pollution
- corruption
2. Nationalism
1956 - Hungarian Revolution
1968 - Prague Spring
1980s - Lech Walesa
Solidarity
II. Western Bloc
A. “We will bury you!”
1. Economic race - GATT
- consumerism
- building a middle class
2. Baby boom
B. Youth Culture
1. Defiance
consumerism
2. Politicization
Vietnam; Sexual Revolution; environmentalism