The Occupational Safety and The Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s Health Administration’s

Three Pronged Approach to Three Pronged Approach to Workplace SafetyWorkplace Safety

Presented by the U.S. Department Presented by the U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of International of Labor Bureau of International

Labor AffairsLabor Affairs

Third Hemispheric Workshop on Occupational Third Hemispheric Workshop on Occupational Health and SafetyHealth and Safety

Cusco, PeruCusco, PeruOctober 21-22, 2008October 21-22, 2008

U.S. Department of U.S. Department of LaborLabor

Enforces 180 laws: Enforces 180 laws: • Minimum wageMinimum wage• OvertimeOvertime• Child laborChild labor• Private pensionsPrivate pensions• Safety and healthSafety and health• And moreAnd more

Covers 135 million workersCovers 135 million workers 10 million employers10 million employers

Occupational Safety and Occupational Safety and Health Administration Health Administration

(OSHA)(OSHA)

Created in 1971 by the Occupational Created in 1971 by the Occupational Safety Safety and Health Act of 1970and Health Act of 1970

Coverage: 135 million workers at Coverage: 135 million workers at 7.2 million 7.2 million worksitesworksites

Since establishment, workplace Since establishment, workplace fatalities declined fatalities declined by 60%by 60%

Injuries and diseases have declined Injuries and diseases have declined by 40%by 40%

Workforce has doubled Workforce has doubled

Workplace FatalitiesWorkplace Fatalities(1994-2007)(1994-2007)

6,632

6,276

6,2026,238

6,055 6,054

5,920 5,915

5,5345,575

5,7645,734

5,840

5,488

54.8

4.7

4.5 4.54.3 4.3

4 44.1

4 4

3.7

5.3

4,800

5,000

5,200

5,400

5,600

5,800

6,000

6,200

6,400

6,600

6,800

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007*

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Total (BLS/CFOI)+ Fatality Rates

Fatalities per 100,000 WorkersSource: Bureau of Labor Statistics2007* - Preliminary data

Nu

mb

er

Rat

e

Workplace Injury and Workplace Injury and Illness RatesIllness Rates

(1990-2006)(1990-2006)

8.88.4

8.98.5 8.4

8.1

7.47.1

6.76.3

6.15.7

5.35

4.8 4.6 4.44.1 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8

3.6 3.4 3.33.1 3 3 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Total Case Rate Lost Work Days

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics2002* - OSHA revised its injury and illness recordkeeping rule. 2002 rates are not comparable to prior years.

Injuries and illnesses per 100 FTE

OSHA ResourcesOSHA Resources

Budget: Almost $500 millionBudget: Almost $500 million

2150 employees, including 1100 2150 employees, including 1100 inspectorsinspectors

Plus 1300 state inspectorsPlus 1300 state inspectors

200 offices200 offices

OSHA State ProgramsOSHA State Programs

22 States have their own OSHA 22 States have their own OSHA programsprograms

State programs:State programs:• Must meet, but may exceed, OSHA Must meet, but may exceed, OSHA

standardsstandards• Must be approved, and are monitored Must be approved, and are monitored

by OSHAby OSHA• Cost is shared with OSHA providing Cost is shared with OSHA providing

50%50%

OSHA Three Pronged OSHA Three Pronged ApproachApproach

Strong, fair and effective Strong, fair and effective enforcement enforcement

Outreach, education and Outreach, education and compliance compliance assistance efforts assistance efforts

Partnerships, alliances, and Partnerships, alliances, and

cooperative and voluntary cooperative and voluntary programsprograms

OSHA InspectionsOSHA Inspections Three kinds of inspections: Three kinds of inspections:

complaint/accident complaint/accident related; high related; high hazard targeted; referrals follow-up hazard targeted; referrals follow-up

2006: OSHA conducted 38,579 workplace 2006: OSHA conducted 38,579 workplace

inspections; found 83,913 violations; inspections; found 83,913 violations; and and assessed $84 million in penaltiesassessed $84 million in penalties

State OSHAs conducted 58,058 State OSHAs conducted 58,058 inspections:inspections: found 127 thousand found 127 thousand violations; and assessed $71 violations; and assessed $71 million in million in penalties. penalties.

OSHA Inspections (cont.)OSHA Inspections (cont.)

Approximately 20% of all inspections are Approximately 20% of all inspections are

complaint driven or accident related. complaint driven or accident related.

The OSH Act gives employees the right to file The OSH Act gives employees the right to file complaints complaints

about workplace safety and health hazards. about workplace safety and health hazards.

The Act gives complainants the right to request that The Act gives complainants the right to request that their their

names not be revealed to their employers. Complaints names not be revealed to their employers. Complaints may may

be filed on-line, by mail or by phone. be filed on-line, by mail or by phone.

Outreach, Education, and Outreach, Education, and Compliance AssistanceCompliance Assistance

Publications--Publications--in English and in English and Spanish Spanish

TrainingTraining• OSHA Training InstituteOSHA Training Institute• OSHA Training Institute Education OSHA Training Institute Education

CentersCenters• Outreach Training ProgramOutreach Training Program

Internet OutreachInternet Outreach

Compliance AssistanceCompliance Assistance $afety Pays$afety Pays

• Interactive system to assist employers in Interactive system to assist employers in estimating the costs of occupational injuries estimating the costs of occupational injuries and illnesses and the impact on a company’s and illnesses and the impact on a company’s profitabilityprofitability

• Businesses use a formula approach to predict Businesses use a formula approach to predict the direct and indirect impactsthe direct and indirect impacts

Advisory GroupsAdvisory Groups• OSHA has several standing committees or ad OSHA has several standing committees or ad

hoc committees that advise the agencyhoc committees that advise the agency• Committees include representatives of Committees include representatives of

management, labor, and state agencies, as well management, labor, and state agencies, as well as one or more designees of the Secretary of as one or more designees of the Secretary of Health and Human ServicesHealth and Human Services

Partnerships, Alliances, and Partnerships, Alliances, and Cooperative and Voluntary Cooperative and Voluntary

ProgramsPrograms Alliance ProgramAlliance Program

• Focus is on industry, or on hazards within an Focus is on industry, or on hazards within an industryindustry

• Between OSHA and businesses, associations, or Between OSHA and businesses, associations, or unions unions

• Involves training and education, outreach, and Involves training and education, outreach, and communicationcommunication

Consultation Service Consultation Service • Free consultation on requestFree consultation on request• No penaltiesNo penalties• Must correct shortcomingsMust correct shortcomings

Partnerships, Alliances, and Partnerships, Alliances, and Cooperative and Voluntary Cooperative and Voluntary

Programs (cont.)Programs (cont.) Strategic Partnership ProgramStrategic Partnership Program

• Signed between OSHA and groups of employers, Signed between OSHA and groups of employers, employees, unions, and other stakeholders. employees, unions, and other stakeholders.

• Establish effective safety and health Establish effective safety and health management systems; train managers and management systems; train managers and workers; involve employees more closely; share workers; involve employees more closely; share expertise and other resources. expertise and other resources.

Voluntary Protection ProgramsVoluntary Protection Programs• Premiere recognition programPremiere recognition program• Companies establish own programs; approved Companies establish own programs; approved

and monitored by OSHAand monitored by OSHA• Annual evaluations; not inspections. Annual evaluations; not inspections.

Success StoriesSuccess Stories The Jacksonville Electric Authority Strategic The Jacksonville Electric Authority Strategic Partnership Partnership

• Established in 2000; over 36,000 employees and supervisors Established in 2000; over 36,000 employees and supervisors received safety training received safety training

• Prior to partnering with OSHA, the rate of OSH incidences reported Prior to partnering with OSHA, the rate of OSH incidences reported for the Jacksonville electrical system was 6.16 for the Jacksonville electrical system was 6.16

• By 2007, that rate was reduced to only 2.5 – well below the national By 2007, that rate was reduced to only 2.5 – well below the national average of 6.3 average of 6.3

The Dow Chemical Company Alliance The Dow Chemical Company Alliance • Dow management and their contractor companies entered into an Dow management and their contractor companies entered into an

alliance to implement safety and health management systems at alliance to implement safety and health management systems at their Texas operations their Texas operations

• Result: More than 90 percent reduction in their injury rate from Result: More than 90 percent reduction in their injury rate from 1995 to 2007 1995 to 2007

• Alliance has grown from 15 contractor companies when it was Alliance has grown from 15 contractor companies when it was formed in 1995, to include 85 this year formed in 1995, to include 85 this year

Sources of InformationSources of Information

Rulemaking and Compliance Rulemaking and Compliance AssistanceAssistance• OSHA Data Initiative and Integrated OSHA Data Initiative and Integrated

Management Information SystemManagement Information System• Public notice and comment processes and Public notice and comment processes and

public hearings public hearings • Requests for Information (RFIs) to gather data; Requests for Information (RFIs) to gather data;

submitted in hard copy or electronically submitted in hard copy or electronically• www.regulations.gov www.regulations.gov serves as a portal for the serves as a portal for the

public to send information and obtain public public to send information and obtain public documents that are collected and used in the documents that are collected and used in the rulemaking process rulemaking process

Sources of InformationSources of Information

Rulemaking and Compliance Rulemaking and Compliance AssistanceAssistance• Literature and database searchesLiterature and database searches• Attending professional conferencesAttending professional conferences• Workplace visitsWorkplace visits• Partnerships, Alliances and Voluntary Partnerships, Alliances and Voluntary

ProgramsPrograms• State PartnersState Partners• Advisory CommitteesAdvisory Committees

Information TechnologyInformation Technology

Record Keeping: OSHA Data Record Keeping: OSHA Data InitiativeInitiative • Employers required to keep records and Employers required to keep records and

submit to OSHAsubmit to OSHA• OSHA tracks data and monitors its own OSHA tracks data and monitors its own

performanceperformance• Used to guide inspectors during inspectionsUsed to guide inspectors during inspections• Used by employers and employeesUsed by employers and employees• Forms the basis for the BLS databaseForms the basis for the BLS database

The Integrated The Integrated Management Information Management Information

System (IMIS)System (IMIS) Designed as an information resource for in-house use by Designed as an information resource for in-house use by

OSHA staff and management, and by state agencies which OSHA staff and management, and by state agencies which carry out federally-approved OSHA programscarry out federally-approved OSHA programs

Source of information: local federal or state office in the Source of information: local federal or state office in the geographical area where the activity occurredgeographical area where the activity occurred

Information is entered as events occur in the course of agency Information is entered as events occur in the course of agency activities. Until cases are closed, IMIS entries concerning activities. Until cases are closed, IMIS entries concerning specific OSHA inspections are subject to continuing correction specific OSHA inspections are subject to continuing correction and updating, particularly with regard to citation itemsand updating, particularly with regard to citation items

Access afforded via the Internet for the use of members of the Access afforded via the Internet for the use of members of the publicpublic

Can be accessed at Can be accessed at http://http://www.osha.gov/oshstats/index.htmlwww.osha.gov/oshstats/index.html and can respond to queries by establishment, sector, accident and can respond to queries by establishment, sector, accident investigation, frequently cited OSHA standards, among others investigation, frequently cited OSHA standards, among others

Electronic OutreachElectronic Outreach eTools: Stand alone, interactive, web-eTools: Stand alone, interactive, web-

based training tools. Can be accessed based training tools. Can be accessed by anybody. Expert advisers provides by anybody. Expert advisers provides more advanced training and guidance. more advanced training and guidance. I would invite you view this at I would invite you view this at http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/oshasoft/ihttp://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/oshasoft/index.html#eToolsndex.html#eTools

Multimedia training tools: PowerPoint, Multimedia training tools: PowerPoint, videos, available at videos, available at http://http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/multimedia.htmlwww.osha.gov/SLTC/multimedia.html

Electronic Outreach Electronic Outreach (cont.)(cont.)

In addition, OSHA's website includes In addition, OSHA's website includes several special features:several special features:• Spanish-language pagesSpanish-language pages• Small Business pageSmall Business page• Compliance Assistance page that provides a Compliance Assistance page that provides a

portal to OSHA's compliance assistance portal to OSHA's compliance assistance resources and information on OSHA's resources and information on OSHA's cooperative programs. cooperative programs.

• Workers pageWorkers page• Teen Workers pageTeen Workers page• OSHA Training Institute Education Centers OSHA Training Institute Education Centers

pagepage

Electronic Outreach Electronic Outreach (cont.)(cont.)

Main statistical database: Main statistical database: Bureau of Labor Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS)Statistics (BLS) Injuries, Illnesses, and Injuries, Illnesses, and

Fatalities (IIF) Fatalities (IIF) Available at Available at http://http://

www.bls.gov/iif/home.htm#recorwww.bls.gov/iif/home.htm#recordd

For More Information…For More Information… Main OSHA website: www.OSHA.govMain OSHA website: www.OSHA.gov The 1970 OSH Act: The 1970 OSH Act:

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?p_doc_type=OSHACT&p_toc_level=0&p_keyvalue p_doc_type=OSHACT&p_toc_level=0&p_keyvalue

State OSH plans: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/osp/index.htmlState OSH plans: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/osp/index.html Training: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/ote/index.htmlTraining: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/ote/index.html Compliance Assistance: Compliance Assistance:

http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/compliance_assistance/index.hthttp://www.osha.gov/dcsp/compliance_assistance/index.htmlml

Partnerships: Partnerships: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/partnerships/index.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/dcsp/partnerships/index.html

Alliance Program: Alliance Program: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/partnerships/index.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/dcsp/partnerships/index.html

Voluntary Protection Programs: Voluntary Protection Programs: http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/partnerships/index.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/dcsp/partnerships/index.html

eTools: http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/oshasoft/index.htmleTools: http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/oshasoft/index.html

Thank YouThank You