the odyssey homer and the epic: an introduction. homer exact date of birth not known, but is...

The Odyssey Homer and the Epic: An Introduction

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The OdysseyHomer and the Epic:

An Introduction

Homer

• Exact date of birth not known, but is estimated to be about 850 BCE

• Greek poet and writer of The Iliad and The Odyssey

• Traditionally believed to have been blind

• Some scholars believe that Homer was not one person, but rather a group of writers

Page 3: The Odyssey Homer and the Epic: An Introduction. Homer Exact date of birth not known, but is estimated to be about 850 BCE Greek poet and writer of The

The Iliad• Tells the story of the Trojan

War• Takes place over 10 years• War between Troy and Greece

over the kidnapping (or elopement) of Helen, wife of Menelaus (Menelaos) of Greece, by Paris, king of Troy

• Legendary event believed to have taken place (if it did) around 1200 BCE

• Central character is the legendary hero Achilles (Akhilleus)

The Odyssey

• Tells the story of Odysseus’ trip back home from the Trojan War

• Takes place over 10 years

• Central character is Odysseus, king of Ithaka

Page 5: The Odyssey Homer and the Epic: An Introduction. Homer Exact date of birth not known, but is estimated to be about 850 BCE Greek poet and writer of The

Robert Fitzgerald

• Comes closest to matching Homer in rhythm and epic scope

• Poet and professor at Harvard until his death

• Sought to preserve Greek spellings

Page 6: The Odyssey Homer and the Epic: An Introduction. Homer Exact date of birth not known, but is estimated to be about 850 BCE Greek poet and writer of The

Characters• Odysseus—our hero• Penelope—his wife• Telemakhos—his son• Athena—Greek goddess of wisdom and guide to

Odysseus• Poseidon—Greek god of the sea and angered by

Odysseus• The suitors—a group of men who try to get Penelope to

marry them in Odysseus’ absence• Kirke—enchantress who imprisons Odysseus and his

men• Polyphemos—the infamous Kyklops who tangles with

Odysseus and his crew

Page 7: The Odyssey Homer and the Epic: An Introduction. Homer Exact date of birth not known, but is estimated to be about 850 BCE Greek poet and writer of The

Fitzgeraldian spellings

• Aiolos=Aeolus• Akhaians=Achaeans• Akhillieus=Achilles• Alkinoos=Alcinous• Antinoos=Antinous• Ithaka=Ithaca• Kalypso=Calypso• Kharybdis=Charybdis• Kikones=Cicones

• Kirke=Circe• Kyklopes/

Kyklops=Cyclopes/Cyclops• Menelaos=Menelaus• Polyphemos=Polyphemus• Seirenes=Sirens• Telemakhos=Telemachus

Page 8: The Odyssey Homer and the Epic: An Introduction. Homer Exact date of birth not known, but is estimated to be about 850 BCE Greek poet and writer of The

Allusions

• An odyssey is a term used to describe a difficult or lengthy journey

• James Joyce’s novel Ulysses (the Roman name for Odysseus)

• O Brother, Where Art Thou

• Music by Cream (“Tales of Brave Ulysses”), the Police (or Sting) (“Wrapped Around Your Finger”)

Page 9: The Odyssey Homer and the Epic: An Introduction. Homer Exact date of birth not known, but is estimated to be about 850 BCE Greek poet and writer of The

Why Read it?

• At approximately 2800 years old, it’s one of the earliest works of literature.

• It is so ingrained in our culture and literature that it is necessary to be familiar with it.

• It’s a great introduction to epic poetry.

• It’s one of the greatest adventure stories ever written.

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