The Oppidan PressEdition 3, 1 April 2014

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Grahamstown NGOs step up

Say no to slacktivismAntagonism in IAWPh

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Exploring tragedy and absurdism

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News Features2 The Oppidan Press 1 April 2014

Tarryn de Kock and Mitchell Shaun Parker Politics

With universities and various academic institutes recently hosting Israeli Apartheid Week (IAW), questions were once again raised about the dialogue between people on differ-ent sides of the debate. The aim of IAW is to raise awareness about Israel’s social, political and economic policies and to show how these have resulted in a diminished quality of life and outright oppression for the people of Palestine. The reaction from pro-Israeli supporters this year has drawn at-tention to the ongoing and pressing need for real dialogue.

Pro-Israeli parties and individuals have expressed frustra-tion with the lack of dialogue in the IAW programme every year. “The events that were held were all anti-Israel and run by ait-Israel personnel so comments were interrupted or cut short,” said Michal Dahan who was involved in an attempt to speak against the week.

Organisers of the protest disagreed with Dahan’s view. “This year saw more constructive debate than previous years,” said Politics student Sarah Bruchhausen, who was involved in the week’s events. “We found that having a pro-Zionist presence actually led to meaningful discussions, rather than leaving us on the backfoot.”

Rhodes has come under fire for its support of this inter-national event, especially from Zionist leaders and publica-tions. Last year saw hastily printed posters condemning the IAW events and trying to provide statistics from the Israeli perspective of the conflict put up around campus. The University’s rejection of the actions of those who put up the pro-Israeli posters last year only served to further entrench the divide between Zionist leaders and their supporters, and the University, with the former labelling Rhodes anti-Semitic. This year, a pro-Israel tent was set up and three Israelis were flown in to speak about their experiences.

“Dialogue is great but people calling for it often exclude the fact of unequal power relations,” Bruchhausen explained. “South Africa’s peace talks during Apartheid included many stakeholders, including the most radical political parties in the country. When one looks at the Israeli-Palestine peace talks, you find that the USA and Israel are the ones deciding who is given a legitimate voice at the negotiation table, and which actors are legitimate ones.”

For South African students, IAW may not initially seem like an initiative that would elicit support because of how far removed the two countries involved are from our country;

however, the usage of the term ‘apartheid’ locates the con-flict within South African history and serves as a powerful reminder of the kinds of injustices the Palestinian people are being subjected to.

What most pro-Israel commentators have argued is that IAW does not give weight to the Israeli side of the conflict and that the organisers have not included Israeli voices in the de-bate. “We should all be given an equal opportunity to speak so everyone realises there are two sides to this story,” Dahan said.

Bruchhausen countered: “We have to face the reality that in South Africa, most of the information disseminated on the conflict is pro-Israeli because it is filtered through American media outlets. IAW is one of the few times a year where the Palestinian side of the story can be given a fair voice, so it might not necessarily always be the best platform for dialogue because it has a very specific directive.”

“South Africa appears to have the second most right-wing Jewish press outside of Israel, which speaks to the fault-lines in our own democracy,” she added. “People are still articu-lating difference racially and culturally; it’s just being given a political edge and a more nuanced approach than simply saying one hates a certain group of people. In many ways people have used the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as a way to channel feelings they are unable to articulate about life in South Africa.”

From this perspective, aggressive accusations and the continuing claims of no dialogue taking place have yet again successfully acted as a microcosm of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. While the week is organised by the Rhodes Uni-versity Palestinian Solidarity Front, a collection of staff and students, it is aimed at attracting interested students across campus through occupying a prime position on the university calendar every year..

During IAW last year, an explanation of why the event is supported by the University was given by lecturer Richard Pithouse, saying, “South Africa as a country is committed to human rights, and the Israeli-Palestine conflict fundamentally includes questions of human rights.”

“The University being considered pro-Palestinian is a result of poor media coverage,” commented Bruchhausen. “National opinion has fed this idea that the Israel-Palestine conflict is a massively divisive issue on the Rhodes campus when we’re still at the initial phase of gaining solidarity internation-ally. The misunderstanding that all these conversations lead nowhere is because people have misunderstood how politics works on the ground.”

Israeli Apartheid Week: creating conflict or cultivating debate?

Fezi Mthonti

The Women’s Academic Solidarity Associa-tion (WASA) recently celebrated their ten year anniversary. The organisation

was founded by a group of female academics who wanted to overcome the institutionalised challenges that women face, particularly when trying to advance to higher academic positions within the university. WASA took on the role of creating support networks for female academics through mentorship and solidarity in spaces of higher education.

Co-Chair Lieketso Mohoto contributed to the creation of WASA because of the absence of female representation in the higher academic and administrative roles within the university. “People were working for years and years on contract and not finishing their Masters degrees and not finishing their PhDs,” she explained. “If you don’t finish your PhD, that means that you can’t become a professor, and if you can’t become a professor that means that you can’t become a dean – which means that the whole system is working, effec-tively, against a particular kind of woman.”

WASA was also established to challenge and transform some of the cultural beliefs of an in-stitution like Rhodes University, which Co-Chair Babalwa Magoqwana described as being centred on a white male Eurocentric gaze. “While the Uni-versity is currently in the process of transforming architecturally, in terms of renaming some of its

residences and its architectural structure, one finds that the norms administratively and academically, and the production of knowledge, are still rooted in a Eurocentric value system.”

Magoqwana went on to comment that an apartheid system was still very much alive, even in spaces like Rhodes University. For example, she said, “If you go to the residence system: look at who is serving you [and] who is supposed to be the cleaner; look at who is supposed to be the su-pervisor and who is supposed to be the manager. We need to challenge the view that our students have of a ‘normal professor’ [and] of a ‘normal cleaner’ and the different categories of people that we have at the University.”

Magoqwana warned that if transformation is not made a priority, Rhodes will simply continue to reproduce the past and lose sight of the produc-tion of new knowledge and new understandings in the world. “Our students need to know that things can be different,” she said.

Both chairs believe that this transformative agenda should not be a project, but rather an integral part of the university system. “We can’t call it a transformation project - it is supposed to be something that is underlying every department, every faculty and every kind of division that is within this university,” Magoqwana explained.

Mohoto described the transformation agenda as being about creating an environment in which the entire institution could be culturally reim-agined. “The university space should be able to

speak to and interact with different cultural groups at the same time and at the same frequency,” she added.

The two chairs linked WASA’s conception of transformation with the bigger transformative agenda that the country is vested in. “We are not trying to do something that is completely new,” Magoqwana said. “This is part of the bigger trans-formation project of the country which needs to be reflected inside of the university space as well.”

Due to their commitment to such transforma-tion, WASA has enjoyed a considerable amount of success over the past decade. Magoqwana indi-cated that WASA has assisted a number of female students in obtaining professorial positions within the university and made mention of the fact that several PhD-holding academics form part of the WASA alumnus.

“Some members of WASA have also left the university and form part of the higher education structures within South Africa like the National Research Fund (NRF) and the Department of Sci-ence and Technology,” she added.

Although WASA has enjoyed a commendable level of success, in terms of the advancement of female academics, Mohoto said that the struggle for transformation is not just about counting how many women have secured high-level academic and administrative positions. Transformation is also about restructuring the present ideological framework of universities so that the system can regenerate itself.

WASA talks 10 years in transformation

WASA Co-Chairs Babalwa Magoqwana and Lieketso Mohoto pose with copies of the book compiled to celebrate 10 years since WASA’s founding. Photo: NICK DAKIN

Miko Peled, a pro-Palestinian activist speaks to staff and students on the politics of the Israeli conflict. Israeli Apartheid Week has yet again been plagued by claims of lack of meaningful engagement from both sides of the issue. Photo: SHEILA DAVID.

News Features1 April 2014 The Oppidan Press 3

Grahamstown’s profitless pillarsKhanyi Mlaba and Gemma Middleton

Non-Governmental Or-ganisations (NGOs) within Grahamstown arguably

play a crucial role in the social and economic development of the town. Director of Grahamstown Area and Distress Relief Association (GADRA) Roger Domingo has called for an informal inquiry into whether NGOs are the main reason for urban devel-opment and economic sustainability in Grahamstown.

Domingo has stressed the need for accurate research to be conducted to determine how much influence the organisations actually have. “Take the NGOs out of the equation, what would the economy look like?” Domingo asked. He argued that the organisa-tions have generated one of the largest sources of income for Grahamstown - second only to the annual National Arts Festival.

Co-founder of the Women’s Aca-demic Solidarity Association (WASA) Dr Nomalanga Mkhize agreed with Domingo that NGOs have a significant role to play. “There will never stop

being a demand for NGOs so long as this country is the way it is,” she said.

However, she pointed out that low-income families that work hard to get their children through education are disregarded. “NGOs are [important]for vulnerable sections of our society, but to claim that NGOs are holding up Grahamstown is an insult to working family members,” Mkhize said.

However, the demand for NGOs in Grahamstown has grown steadily since most of them were established in the early 2000s. Rhodes University’s Community Engagement (RUCE) of-fices currently have a partnership with 34 NGOs within the Grahamstown area. “I think [NGOs] are appreciated because the number of people turning to them for support is growing all the time,” said RUCE Director Diana Hornby.

One of the main focus points for local NGOs is education within the Eastern Cape, which has the lowest matric pass rate compared to other provinces. However, Mkhize felt that NGOs should not need to be fighting for this cause. “I don’t think it’s right that NGOs are taking up so much edu-cation work,” Mkhize said, explaining

that the failing education system makes initiatives such as the GADRA Matric School essential.

Such initiatives are receiving good support, but funding remains a prob-lem for NGOs - especially those with a focus on the environment. NGOs such as Farm Animals Centre for Education (FACE) continue to have a difficult time with funding and creating greater awareness for their cause. “Donors are warm-hearted and generous, but there are not too many of them,” said Direc-tor of FACE Jenny Copley-Forster, citing the need for support from busi-ness, citizens, and government.

In spite of this, Copley-Forster stated that the impact of NGOs in Gra-hamstown is obvious. “Because of the University and the excellent schools, there are opportunities to influence the leaders of the future. That is a priceless gift,” she said.

The Grahamstown NGO sector has proven to be helpful in meeting urgent needs, but NGOs have found difficulty in raising funds to keep projects afloat. It is largely with the support of the university and dedicated donors that they continue to grow and strengthen in the Grahamstown community.

Student NGOs prompt change in GrahamstownRobyn Hunt

Various Rhodes University student organisations volun-teer their time and attention to help fulfil specific needs in the greater Grahamstown area. Here is what a hand-ful of them had to say about the role that they play. JJ Haven Educational Project Chairperson Sarah Rob-erts:What is the aim of the JJ Haven Educational Project?

“Ultimately, the aim is to break the poverty cycle in the community, by helping children with their education so that they can have better employment opportunities when they finish high school.”The Inkwenkwezi Society Chairperson Hannah

McDonald:What needs does this society meet that the municipality fails to address?

“There is a lack of school teachers, resulting in over-crowded classrooms and overburdened teachers, [plus] a lack of adequate school libraries and easy access to reading material – which Inkwenkwezi then provides during [its] programme.” Masincedane Soup Kitchen Society Vice-Chairperson Khanyisani Kubheka:What role does this society play in the community?

“We visit eXolani, a local township, three times a week as a soup kitchen and also run Kids Workshops every Saturday, aiming to inspire the children and develop their self-confidence and critical-thinking.”

Emily Corke

Over the course of last week, The Oppidan Press released a series of investigative reports on Makana Municipality online. It soon became apparent that Makana is not only embroiled in the infamous ‘water crisis,’ but is also in trouble related to electricity and financial manage-ment. Here are some of the statistics.

• Grahamstown electrical substations deemed hazardous to human life.

• Combined costs of necessary upgrades amounts to R50 million with no funds put aside by the municipality to bankroll.• Cost of electricity is set to increase by 7.39%, a portion of which will be put to urgently-needed refurbishment.• Over R200 million owed to Makana Municipality and income failing to cover expenses.• 72% of Municipal Infrastructure Grant (MIG) money used on salaries and running expenses.• Only 75% of debt collected due to need for political back-up,

according to Council. • In August last year, Makana had overspent by R2,359,835. In October,

they overspent by R3,952,752 and in November, Makana had a deficit of R136,042,366.

• Makana has signed a five-year contract with quasi-state body Amatola Water, who have taken over virtually all activities in the distribution of water, including treatment and allocation to training.

• Plans include expensive infrastructure replacement, the building of reservoirs, and general maintenance control upgrades.

• Tension between municipality staff and Amatola engineers and managers has created a potential obstacle.

Visit The Oppidan Press’ website for more on the story and share your thoughts using #MakanaInCrisis.

Makana in crisis: know the facts

Mila Kakaza and Kyla Hazell

It is unclear whether Rhodes Uni-versity students realise how much of an effect their University had in the birth of the Black Consciousness Movement and the legacy of Bantu Stephen Biko. However, due to the vision of Port Elizabeth resident Sinphiwe Msizi, who plans to initiate a Biko remembrance project at Rho-des, it is hoped that this heritage will soon be more widely recognised.

Walking past the Union building, how many reflect on the fact that it was the segregationist regulations of our residence system that led Biko to break with the National Union of South Af-rican Students (NUSAS) at their 1967 conference, or that it was in this town that he was eventually arrested? For Msizi, Biko’s connection to Rhodes is important and needs to be commemo-rated properly.

“My involvement is to follow that history and settle it,” Msizi explained. “In my view, these are small links to the bigger picture for people to know what actually took place here in 1967.”

The bigger picture in Msizi’s view is the lesson of leadership and critical thinking that Biko’s memory brings. “His message on liberating the mind seems to be what the country needs,” he said. “Many graduates are produced by the universities in the country, but the question is: are they conscientised leaders?”

Msizi hopes that the project will involve marking important loca-tions connected to Biko’s history and organising critical dialogues in which students can discuss the leadership tools that Biko believed in. He has been involved in heritage work focused on Biko’s memory since 2006 and has already arranged a number of critical discussions together with partners at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univer-sity (NMMU).

Given Rhodes’s close connection to Biko, Msizi feels that more needs to be done here. “His experience at this institution made him aware that there is a long road for the oppressed to be liberated,” Msizi said.

Various efforts to commemorate Biko have been made by the University

and other community members in the past. These include the naming of the Union building, marches, and com-memoration lectures. “The problem is that those initiatives are hard to find and have no synergy,” Msizi lamented. He believes that a self-reliant programme in which students them-selves drive Biko’s legacy is key to integrating all of these efforts.

The response to his ideas so far has been extremely positive from various persons within the University. On Friday he received a personal com-mitment from Vice-Chancellor Dr Saleem Badat to help by searching for and marking the locations of both the NUSAS conference and Biko’s eventual arrest.

The Alumni Office has already started seeking out and contacting NUSAS members who were involved in the 1967 conference. Msizi hopes that more initiatives from different groups on campus will soon follow.

The Oppidan Press will be working with Msizi to research the history of Biko in connection to the University

over the course of the year.

Remembering Steve Biko’s legacy at Rhodes

JJ Haven Treasurer Jürgen Stroebel at one of the society’s recent educational events. Photo: HOLLY SNELL

Makana Municipality was recently investigated by The Oppidan Press. Photos: ALEXA SEDGWICK

Features4 The Oppidan Press 1 April 2014

Adam Klass Politics

The second in our ‘Get to Know the Manifesto’ series will be looking at two more well-known parties, along with

a lesser-known party with a strong Eastern Cape base.

DA:The Democratic Alli-ance (DA) launched its manifesto on Sunday 23 February 2014 in Polokwane. Currently holding 67 seats in the National

Assembly, the party continues to gain support in the Western Cape where it has enjoyed ruling power. It has also recently started gaining a no-ticeable Gauteng base and has established itself as the official opposition of the ruling ANC.

Party leader Helen Zille stated that one of the main aims of the party is to intensify job creation. This, the DA proposes, will be done by broadening the skills base of unemployed South Africans, attempting to drive down inflation and the subsequent high prices that hamper economic growth. The party’s manifesto also focused on cutting down corruption, citing

highly publicised cases of nepotism in the ruling ANC government as deeply concerning, with particular reference to President Jacob Zuma’s R200 million Nkandla compound and the furore surrounding the source of its funding.

Because of their alleged one-sided rhetoric, the DA has come under scrutiny in the media and from analysts for using its manifesto as a soap box to criticise the ANC, rather than using it to focus on its own goals.

However, the DA’s manifesto remains largely centred around job creation and education as key themes. Based on research published by the South African Reserve Bank in 2013, Zille believes that policies such as the DA’s could increase economic growth to 8%, help the economy to create 6 million new jobs, and halve unemployment over the next ten years. The party also vowed that a large portion of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) would be put into developing much-needed public infra-structure.

In a step aside from their job-centred mani-festo, the party also promised that they would increase the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) budget to R16billion in an attempt to bolster the number of skilled workers in the country and contribute to their overall goal of job creation.

However, their election success remains a question as they have not won a municipal elec-tion in the Eastern Cape and maintain only six seats in the Eastern Cape Government.

EFF:The Economic Free-dom Fighters (EFF), led by Julius Malema, launched its manifesto on Saturday 22 Febru-ary 2014 at Mehlareng Stadium in Tembisa.

The EFF reaffirmed its commitment to the

nationalisation of mines – although it is this commitment that has brought Malema and the EFF under scrutiny by the business sector and pro-business press. Malema went on to promise a R4,500 minimum wage to all workers. He stated that he would respond to the now-infamous Marikana strikes and issue a R12,500 minimum wage for all mine workers if the party took power. He also affirmed a promise to dou-ble social grants.

Over the course of the party’s development, the EFF has aligned itself with an array of left-wing political organisations, including the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM), the Azanian

People’s Organisation (AZAPO), the Socialist Party of Azania (SOPA) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). This is part of its bid to elicit support from parties with some similar policy objectives but with less traction than the much more public EFF.

AIC:The African Independent Congress (AIC) is a minor regional party formed on 12 December 2005 by the people of Matatiele. They felt that there was a lack of representation of the people of Matatiele and surrounding rural communities and started the AIC to remedy this.

The AIC aims to represent smaller communi-ties and stop what it dubbs ‘political manipula-tion’. It has stated that it aims to create sustain-able rural communities in the Eastern Cape that will live a life based on constitutional democracy and constitutional laws, with the aim of provid-ing equal opportunities for all people.

The AIC has had mild success in the Matatiele community and currently holds one seat in the Eastern Cape Government.

Get to know the manifesto #2

Grahamstown business at war with the internet

In an ever-increasing technologically-dependent society, many businesses cannot keep up. Photo: GABRIELLA FREGONA

Bradley Prior Scitech

Many people fork out thousands of rands to purchase the software they need for university, work or even

day-to-day tasks. Unfortunately for them, they do not realise that it is possible to acquire software that gives the same function, at absolutely no cost.

For many activities, LibreOffice is an alternative to the more popular Microsoft Office suite. It contains alter-natives to Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Access, as well as a useful program called Draw which allows you to draw complex diagrams and designs. It can also be used for simpler tasks in a similar way to Paint.

LibreOffice is compatible with Microsoft Office, meaning that docu-ments created with LibreOffice can be opened with their parallel program on the Microsoft Office suite. This is use-ful if you plan to print your work at the library, or make presentations using a Microsoft-installed computer.

It is important to keep in mind that LibreOffice does have some limita-tions to some of its programs. If you are using the word processor simply to write essays, then LibreOffice will be sufficient.

However, some more complex func-tions within Microsoft Office, such as Excel’s mathematical function and graph features, may not be present in their LibreOffice alternatives.

If LibreOffice does not suit your needs, there are other alternatives: namely Apache OpenOffice and Google Drive. OpenOffice fills the same role as Microsoft Office, with most of the trimmings. Unfortunately, OpenOffice also saves its documents in a different file format, meaning that PCs running Microsoft Office will not be able to open your files. Google Drive runs on a different system, but it can still fulfill the same

role as the other office programs. Google Drive allows access to Google Docs (Word), Slides (PowerPoint) and Spreadsheet (watered-down Excel), amongst others.

It differs in that it runs online. All your work is automatically stored in your 15GB ‘Drive’ and can be down-loaded at will. Drive also allows users to access a variety of file formats, including the OpenOffice formats. One of its big-gest benefits is that you never have to worry about losing your data because it is stored online. However, this is also one of its biggest downfalls, because it can only be accessed online and you cannot use the program without a run-ning internet connection.

Linux is an open-source operating

system that acts as an alternative to Microsoft Windows. Open-source means that anyone can use it for free. One simply needs to download it onto some form of bootable storage device such as a flash drive or a CD.

Since Linux is open-source, it can be modified by anyone with the ability to program, especially in C or C++ programming languages. As a result, many different versions of Linux exist. The most popular of these offshoots is named Ubuntu, famously founded by Mark Shuttleworth. Virus protection is possibly the least necessary program to pay for if you consider the free alternatives. Antivirus suites such as Norton and Kaspersky require expensive annual subscriptions to do the same thing that

several free programs can do. The best examples would be those of

Avast! and AVG, both of which have free packages and premium upgrades. These are fairly basic virus and internet protection programs, but with a bit of caution when browsing the web, you will never need anything more powerful.

These are several examples of free alternatives to mainstream computer software. While the idea of free pro-grams is enticing, it should be remembered that there are sometimes negative aspects to these alternatives.

With this in mind, both the benefits and drawbacks should be well-researched before you make any decisions.

Free alternative PC programs for students

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There are a number of free programs that students can use as an alternative to Microsoft, such as LibreOffice. Photo: WWW.EXTREMETECH.COM

Features1 April 2014 The Oppidan Press 5

Christopher Fisher Business

The internet, arguably our most precious resource, came to South Africa through Rhodes University after Rhodes acquired the first South African IP address in 1991.

However, what was once Grahams-town’s claim to fame is fast becoming its downfall as the Internet establishes itself as a hindrance for local business-es. Business owners locally and further afield are increasingly of the opinion that their decrease in productivity is related to the development of the In-ternet and all that we associate it with.

For instance, the once-successful Rosehill cinemas in Port Alfred has been closed and a piece of paper read-ing ‘closed due to illegal downloads’ has been stuck on the door.

Closer to home, the Movie Zone Cinemas have also recently closed. It would seem that the growing popular-ity of file sharing websites is causing movie theatres to become redundant.

Economics Department Profes-sor Gavin Keeton stated, “I think the Internet is directly responsible for the demise of the movie houses. With any new technology it challenges the ‘existing’, and very often if the ‘existing’ doesn’t adapt it is wiped out.”

Cinemas are not the only businesses suffering. Outlets such as Musica, Mr Video and libraries across the province are finding it more and more difficult to conduct business – although all is not lost yet.

While physical disc sales of DVDs have had a worldwide decrease of over 30% since 2004, digital sales continue to grow, with the music industry see-ing its first period of growth since 1999 as a result.

This hints at a crucial point that is raised by Keeton. “[Local businesses] need to be doing something that ena-bles them to compete,” he explained, attributing their lack of success to

their inability to adapt to the changing times. Keeton went on to say, “If these shops were to create greater appeal for the customer, perhaps they would not be on such a downward slump.”

Despite Keeton’s view, options are limited for these businesses and adapt-ing to change is not as easy as it may seem. According to PR spokesperson for Musica’s digital distribution service Karey Evett, “It is nearly impossible to compete with the illegal download markets that are providing your goods for free.”

LLB student Ndumi Ndlovu disa-grees, saying, “If the CDs and DVDs were sold at a more reasonable price then I believe more people would still be buying them.” Perhaps proving this point, Evett believes Musica’s monthly online sales to be in the region of “tens of thousands” regardless of the fact

that there is a large group that have no intention of paying for something that they can get for free.

One cannot help but think that there are still untapped business opportunities here. Perhaps the success of iTunes and websites such as Kalahari is related to the fact that they have embraced the internet and made its existence a part of their business model, instead of trying to compete with it. Local businesses can also learn from these models.

The internet is undoubtedly having an effect on local businesses and it would seem that they have no option but to adapt to the changing times. Should businesses fail to create an experience that is new, relevant and enticing, they face a relentless and unpredictable competitor that is sure to win.

Gemma-mae Hartley Scitech

The Rhodes University Biotechnology Innovation Centre (RUBIC) is a recent addition to the Rhodes family. Rhodes

University has the oldest academic programme (23 years) in Biotechnology in South Africa. The centre aims to both better communicate this research and to transform it into valuable products and processes which benefit society.

The centre also seeks to create a home for aspiring entrepreneurial students. Head Professor Janice Limson explained, “The academic pro-gramme includes traditional research, but with a clear focus on how that research can ultimately benefit society through product development.”

One project that promises to benefit society is that of Honours student Selokwane Morake, who is researching alternative energy using microbial fuel cells. He is researching how bacteria creates electricity under certain conditions and how this can be enhanced. “The aim for this research is to effectively create a new way of making electricity without the use of fossil fuels,” Morake explained.

Morake was attracted to Biotechnology at Rhodes “because it encourages application of knowledge right from the offset, and continually challenges understanding at the fundamental level as well as in broader aspects.”

By creating a partnership with the School of Journalism and Media Studies, RUBIC intends to include science communication in their programme. To include the humanities in their research, they are partnered with the Institute for Social and Economic Research as well as the School of Languages. This emphasises that the programme includes the fields of Social Sciences, Business, Economics and Law to create a diverse approach to Biotechnology.

Although Biotechnology is a postgraduate course connecting Microbiology, Biochemistry, Chemistry and Nanotechnology, many of the RU-BIC staff teach in undergraduate science courses, like Microbiology 3. At undergraduate level it is compulsory to major in either Biochemistry or Microbiology in order to take Biotechnology in postgraduate studies.

“The door is wide open for undergraduates and postgraduates who would like to be part of our

think-tanks and any crowd-sourcing activities in the future for implementing ideas,” Limson ex-plained. One of the aims of RUBIC is for science students to interact with students of other fields.

The programme aims to provide a cross-disci-plinary approach to teaching. “[RUBIC] is rooted in the core principles of excellence in research, teaching and community engagement,” Limson stated. There is a large aim to bridge the gap be-tween scientific research and community engage-ment. “At an educational level, RUBIC focuses on empowering its students by filtering knowledge through experience,” Morake said.

The project has the potential to benefit human-ity on a universal level and this is shown by the progressive research done at the centre. Water is a necessity in any environment, be it industrial or residential, as it is required for life and well-be-ing. The research on water done at RUBIC could potentially be translated into processes that can clean and treat water, both helping the environ-ment and providing better sanitation for all areas.

The research being done on various diseases such as malaria and HIV will help to create medications and treatments, eventually managing

and eradicating those diseases. An aim of RUBIC is to create biotechnological industries within Grahamstown, both to involve the community and provide jobs.

“The ultimate goal of RUBIC is to create an enabling space to deliver on promises that science holds for society,” explained Limson.

”[RUBIC] is rooted in the core principles

of excellence in research, teaching

and community engagement. At an

educational level, RUBIC focuses on

empowering its students by filtering knowledge through

experience– Professor Janice Limson

Science in and for society

Grahamstown business at war with the internet

In an ever-increasing technologically-dependent society, many businesses cannot keep up. Photo: GABRIELLA FREGONA

There are a number of free programs that students can use as an alternative to Microsoft, such as LibreOffice. Photo: WWW.EXTREMETECH.COM

Opinion6 The Oppidan Press 1 April 2014

Tarryn de Kock and Michal Dahan

Israeli-Apartheid Week (IAW) has been the subject of much controver-sy since it was introduced at Rhodes

University. This year, campus was awash with posters in an attempt to bet-ter portray the Israeli side of the story. As with everything else IAW touches, the posters were controversial. Both writers write in their personal capacity, the views expressed are personal views only and do not reflect those of The Op-pidan Press or any other organisation.

Criticising the poster - Tarryn de Kock Although students would recognise the posters put up around campus towards the end of Israeli Apartheid Week (IAW), the two most prominent ones did nothing to excite support for the Israeli cause. While the first fea-tured Miss Israel 2013 Yityish Aynaw pledging a story of multiculturalism, the second showed Israeli Supreme Court Judge Salim Joubran with the caption ‘Yes, he’s an Arab!’

It was at this point that I found myself questioning an argument which had suddenly become quite familiar: it was in a similar vein to the cries of ‘Some of my best friends are black, so I can’t be racist’ that one hears from the most obviously undercover racists out there. Having an Arab Supreme Court Judge does not make Israel any less oppressive than having homeland chiefs made apartheid South Africa a fair, multicultural state.

That line of argument could not elicit my support because it side-stepped the heart of the issues of IAW. The organisers of IAW were dealing with these issues at an in depth level throughout the week, but these posters focused instead on petty examples of how and why Israel was not as bad as IAW was making it out to be.

Furthermore, pleading to the mul-ticultural nature of Israel says nothing about its politics. These arguments are appealed to in a bid to balance a de-bate. This debate is definitely weighted in favour of those opposing the unfair and unlawful persecution of dis-placed peoples, and I am not sure that balancing attempts are well-received in a country where oppression is still a raw and painful memory for many. I used to believe I was neutral on the Israel-Palestine issue but the more I learned about the conflict - from both sides - the more I found myself oppos-ing Israel’s continued occupation and

expansion in the region.

Defending the poster - Michal DahanThe posters put up around campus were not there to give an in depth analysis about the Israeli side of the story, but were put in place to attract attention and push students to think.

Israel has been accused of a heinous act, one we’re all too familiar with in South Africa. If we are to equate black South Africans under apartheid to Palestinians and white South Africans to Israelis, we ask the question: where during the apartheid era would we have seen a black South African judge convict a white South African and send him to jail? This was the primary purpose of the poster – to point out one of the many differences between the current situation in Israel and the previous situation in South Africa.

In the other poster, it is argued that Israel’s multicultural nature has

everything to do with its politics. It led to policies that were responsible for bringing thousands of African Jews to Israel when they were being perse-cuted by their own neighbours.

For the last couple of years, the de-bate revolving around IAW at Rhodes has been far from balanced. Often after IAW, many people at Rhodes act as though Israel has been tried and con-victed and they are personally ready to escort it to its execution. There are two sides to every story and those posters were used as a tool to make that fact abundantly clear, as well as to draw students into a discussion with the three Israeli representatives who flew down specifically to combat this week.

If all it took were a couple of one-sided seminars to completely educate you about a conflict that has been going on for thousands of years, then we need to re-evaluate the way we are being taught to critically analyse what we are being shown.

Double-sided posters

An IAW poster that has caused controversy in an attempt to better reflect the Israeli side of the story. Photo: GABRIELLA FREGONA

>>Inter-res swimming results

>>The Neil Aggett Labour Studies Unit Launch

>>Dr Raj Patel looks at the evolution of the Green Revolution

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The Oppidan Press staff and contact details

The Oppidan Press

Editor: Kyla Hazell. Deputy Editor: Amanda Xulu. Executive Consultant: Binwe Adebayo. Managing Editor: Sindisa Mfenqe. Financial Manager: Lorna Sibanda. Advertising Managers: Chiedza Guvava, Tinashe Jani. Marketing Manager: Sarah Taylor. Community Engagement Officer: Abigail Butcher. Online Editor: Stuart Lewis. Assistant Online Editor: Chelsea Haith. News Features Editor: Emily Corke. Assistant News Features Editor: Mila Kakaza. Politics Editor: Tarryn de Kock. Assistant Politics Editor: Mitchell Parker. Opinion Editor: Ben Rule. Arts & Entertainment Editor: Jenna Lillie. Assistant Arts & Entertainment Editor: Matthew Field. Business Editor: Chris Fisher. Scitech Editor: Bracken Lee-Rudolph. Environment Editor: Mikaela Erskog. Sports Editor: Douglas Smith. Assistant Sports Editor: Kimara Singh. Chief Photo Editor: Gabriella Fregona. Assistant Chief Photo Editor: Kellan Botha. Chief Online Photo Editor: Alexa Sedgwick. Chief Sub-Editor: Kaitlin Cunningham. Chief Online Sub-Editor: Melian Dott. Sub-Editors: Kate Jennings, Danica Kreusch, Leila Stein Jessica Trappe, Amy Wilkes. Chief Designer: Madien van der Merwe. Assistant Chief Designer: Hannah McDonald. Advert Designers: Amber-Leigh Davies, Amy Davidson. Junior Designers: Amy Ebdon, Alex Maggs. External Content Advisors: Lucy Holford-Walker, Tope Adebola, Ndapwa AlweendoOppiTV: Chief Editor: Natalie Austin. Content Editor: Vimbai Midzi. Output Editor: Lilian Magari. Webcast Producer: Marc Davies.

Letters to the Editor: editor@oppidanpress.comAdvertising details: advertising@oppidanpress.comwww.oppidanpress.comwww.facebook.com/theoppidanpresswww.twitter.com/oppidanpress

The Oppidan Press publishes letters which are bona fide expressions of opinion provided that they are not clearly libellous, defamatory, racist or sexist. We publish anonymous letters, but as an act of good faith on your part, we require your full name. We reserve the right to shorten letters due to space constraints and to edit them for grammatical inaccuracies. Letters that do not make it into our print edition will be published on our website.

Upon the release of the infamous Nkandla Report, it was disconcerting to see that much public commentary paid more attention to Public Protector Thuli Madonsela’s “second-hand

weave” than to the actual substance of her findings. Some comments on Twitter seemed to suggest that Madonsela’s questionable hair choices could be causally linked to her competence as Public Protec-tor. To discredit Madonsela’s tireless quest to inform the public about the institutionalised corruption in South African government – based on something as irrelevant as her hair – speaks volumes about the continued gendered discourse of this country’s politics.

Madonsela is not the only woman whose credentials have been called into question on the basis of her appearance. Most recently at the state of the nation address, Member of Parliament Thandile Sunduza was serious-ly scrutinised by the media and South African public for her fashion faux pas. Heavily pregnant, Sunduza chose to wear a garishly yellow boob-tube dress that admittedly did not flatter her figure. Talk soon turned to comments about her looking like Big Bird and other offensive compari-sons. The discourse surrounding Sunduza was extremely gendered and disregarded her abilities as a politician and a Member of Parliament. It highlighted the continued conservative and masculinised nature of South African politics.

Incidents like these have led us here at The Oppidan Press to question whether there has been any real transformation in South African politics. It is apparent that women politicians continue to be subjected to a sexist understanding of this country’s politics, as many of their contributions are analysed to a far greater extent than those of their male counter-parts. This leads us to wonder why women in South Africa are still not treated as rational and capable agents; but are viewed in a reductionist manner that sees them as either being an accessory of a greater political event (one need only look at Riah Piyegah’s complicit involvement in the Nkandla cover-up) or presents them as angry women with an unjustified agenda, something that Madonsela has fallen into.

In this edition, the conversation with women’s progress in South African society is carried on through a reflection by WASA about the state of gender transformation at Rhodes. WASA recently celebrated their 10th anniversary and first chairperson Darlene Miller stressed the need to challenge patriarchal forms of power that champion individual success and the accumulation of influence. It is arguably this attitude to leader-ship that underlies the corrupt practices Madonsela seeks to decry. It seems somewhat ironic, then, that Madonsela was criticised based on the kind of patriarchal presumptions that underscore the very corruption of power her position aims to control.

Thank you for helping us raise over R1500 for breast cancer last week!

Opinion1 April 2014 The Oppidan Press 7

Binwe Adebayo

For a generation which so often claims to have no cause, we’re awfully busy on the internet. We hit ‘share’ to pledge our allegiance to Jesus, ‘like’ news

articles about NGOs helping food scarcity and most recently make the brave, risky choice to post #nomake-upselfies in order to create breast cancer awareness. Our Apple-loving, trend-following, neknominating conscienc-es have never been so clear.

Let me not be misunderstood here. I think that the internet and modern technology have opened up incred-ible avenues for the proliferation of ideas and campaigns of which a global audience can take charge. But are we taking charge if we simply hit share without reading a full article, or profess outrage without having checked our facts? This is not activism; it is slacktivism. Besides reflecting the stereo-type that the youth are flippant and unaware, it can also be harmful to those whom we purport to support. 

Let’s stop sharing the photos of ‘starving children in Africa’. If you have ever turned down the chance to take part in a Community Engagement trip in favour of nursing a hangover, you are who I am talking to. The Africa you’re trying to save is right outside, minutes from your doorstep. Rhodes boasts several community engagement societies and community engagement initiatives are also open to resi-dence and Oppidan students alike. But why bother to spend a morning at a soup kitchen? After all, you can simply wave your righteous indignation around online for an audience who will revere you as a modern day Mother Teresa. Isn’t it great how easy activism is these days?

Even if the internet is your chosen superpower for world peace, make sure to use it effectively. Somehow, word of mouth (that highly reliable source) spread the idea that the #nomakeupselfie campaign was started by Cancer Research UK. Allegedly the organisation pledged to donate money to breast cancer research every time the hashtag was used. The group fully denies this, unsure of where this misinformation came from. It came from us, churning untruths through cyberspace.

In any case, most of the participants are wholly unaware of this, rather using the opportunity to show off their fresh faces. These pictures have been accompanied by hashtags

ranging from #asscaryascancer to #cancercanbecute. This is where things get really problematic. For the countless people affected by breast cancer, as well as those who have loved ones suffering or indeed dying from the illness, these ‘platitudes’ are insulting to say the least. Activism of any kind requires understanding, information at your hands and a sensitivity to the audience (which in many cases, extends beyond your own social network). In the wise words of Uncle Ben from Spider-Man, “With great power comes great responsibility” and social responsibility is no exception. In the age where what goes on the internet stays on the inter-net, this has never been more true.

In addition to this, it is important to be consistent in your cause. Particularly with recent debates around LGBTi rights in countries like Uganda and Nigeria, or campus-related gender-based violence issues, it is important to live what you speak. Phrases like “that’s so gay” or “what a good frape” reflect with far more clarity your true position on an issue than the number of times you retweet Avaaz or Greenpeace. There must be a commitment which extends past the realm of your social persona - the lived persona must follow.

There is a choice to be made. As young, educated indi-viduals who have access to countless opportunities for social change, we can become part of sincere movements with real aims towards improving the lives of other people and our world. Although it is incredibly tempting to simply hit share, it is important to be aware of the fact that this is your statement to the world. If you really mean to make a differ-ence, make sure your statements hold true value. We are not the generation without a cause.

Nonsense conscience on the social networks#SelfiesdontcurecancerSelfies for change. Because actually doing something is too mainstream. Photo: ROCHELLE-MARI SMITH

Double-sided posters

Letter to the editor Ms Orla Quinlan, Director: International Office.

Prompted by a “complex and rath-er unpleasant encounter” with the South African bureaucracy, Ms Mi-kaela Erskog, in her opinion piece dated 11/03/2014,  infers that her difficulty in finding immigration information, which was specifically and exceptionally requested of her, somehow “suggests a prejudice against international students” at Rhodes. Ms Erskog’s allegations of prejudice are taken extremely seriously and she is invited to come to the International Office to share any remaining concerns with us, which we would be more than happy to discuss.

Having requested information from the International Office to write an official Oppidan piece, Ms Erskog chose to write an opinion piece, neglecting to check the facts or verify her assumptions, some of which I hope to clarify here. Coming from a national history of segrega-tion, student services, which fall under the Dean of Students Office, are available to all students at Rho-des University. The International Office is responsible for Internation-alisation at Rhodes, which pertains as much to South Africans as to International students. The Interna-tional Office is developing a portal on internationalisation, which will expand its communication, improve access to information, and provide links to the Department of Home Affairs (DHA) and other websites. 

Turning to Ms Erskog’s unpleas-ant experience renewing her study

permit, for which she has my full sympathy (getting a stamp on my own new passport took less than 5 minutes but required queuing for four hours in Home Affairs and a three hour round trip to PE). There is no provision for a full immigra-tion service on campus. Information on study permit requirements is available on: http://www.dha.gov.za/index.php/immigration-services/types-of-visas. The website states that “forms will no longer be avail-able from this website. Please visit your nearest Home Affairs office to obtain ORIGINAL APPLICATION FORMS & necessary information. We apologise for any inconvenience”.

To facilitate international stu-dents, the International Office con-tinues to provide the list of require-ments for standard applications and we have confirmed with DHA Pretoria that, as of March 2014, B1-178 and B1-179 forms are still valid. However, immigration regulations are in transition and it is imperative that students check directly with their nearest issuing authorities. An immigration officer may, at any time, request additional informa-tion beyond standard practice, as was the case with Ms Erskog. Such requests cannot be preempted by either the International Office or the professional immigration agencies, who make immigration advice their full-time business.

The International Office has an open door policy and welcomes suggestions and ideas to further internationalisation at Rhodes. We may be contacted at: internationaoffice@ru.ac.za

The International Department at Rhodes University aims to refute an opinion piece written in the previous edition of The Oppidan Press. Photo: GABRIELLA FREGONA

”If you have ever turned

down the chance to take part in a Community

Engagement trip in favour of nursing a hangover, you are

who I’m talking to

Response to allegations of prejudice

>>The Neil Aggett Labour Studies Unit Launch

Arts & Entertainment8 The Oppidan Press 1 April 2014

New kids on the block: Campus VibesLesedi Ntuli

Grahamstown is known for offering a unique playground in which students can enjoy a varied social life. This

vibrant scene now stands to be captured by newly established media company, Campus Vibes. As a new presence on the block, Campus Vibes is here to capture not only the individual moments, but the sharpness and spontaneity of what Grahamstown’s nightlife has to offer.

The brand was set into motion when its three founders saw a gap in the entertainment market that they wanted to fill. The main inspiration behind the company is founder and LLB student Sazi Ntuli.

“We saw that there was not much informa-tion being disseminated about Grahamstown nightlife, and decided to do something about it,” he explained. Thus the search for more members began.

Ntuli and his co-founders did not have to search far for people interested in joining the company, as their friends were more than eager to get on board in a variety of roles. Campus Vibes currently consists of photographers, videogra-phers and entertainment writers who all have big plans to invigorate the entertainment industry.

Co-founder and SRC Projects Councillor Khulani Ngubane explained that the founders had initially planned to start something similar in 2013. The plans were put on hold when key

people left Rhodes, while other members were unsure of whether they were coming back. “The idea of ‘Campus Vibes’ just slowly died away,” said Ngubane, who went on to say that regardless of these initial setbacks he believed that they were merely a stepping stone to a much larger plan.

Like any other brand, Campus Vibes is plan-ning on becoming bigger and better. One way they are doing this is by partnering with local

nightclubs Prime and Friars to give their brand even more exposure in Grahamstown. “Our goal is to make people remember the nightlife they ex-perience and [to] recreate the atmosphere which we experience from the events we go to. We want people who weren’t at the events we cover to be envious of the people that were there and want to ‘turn up’ with us wherever we go,” said Ntuli.

Ngubani confirmed that, despite how

successful they have become within a short space of time, they have bigger goals they are still hoping to achieve. “We are hoping to branch out to Port Elizabeth within the next couple of months because we do have connections that side,” he explained. “Later we plan on branching even further out to places such as East London, Cape Town and maybe Stellenbosch because they have a strong nightlife community just like Grahamstown.”

Third co-founder and photographer Mandi-lulame Manjezi added that students should get excited for the company’s launch party which he said was coming soon.

“Although we have been out and about, cover-ing other parties, we still have not had our own,” he said. “At this point in time the date has not been finalised yet and will not be confirmed until the nitty-gritties have been sorted out. What I can say, though, is that nobody’s ready for what is going to happen that day.”

Ntuli further added that they are planning on having the party across four houses with different themes and genres. “Basically, the idea is to allow people the freedom to party at all four houses without any restrictions. It’s going to be amazing,” Ntuli said. All information is made available on campusvibesght.tumblr.com on a regular basis and students can follow their social media profiles to get more information about upcoming events.

Facebook page: Campus Vibes

Campus Vibes highlights Grahamstown’s unique and vibrant nightlife. Photo: KER-RYN CHEGWIDDEN

Josh White

This year marks the commemoration of one of history’s most well-known playwrights. William Shakespeare’s 450th birthday will be celebrated by the Shakespeare Society of South-ern Africa, a group responsible for numerous educational and literary achievements both in Grahamstown and beyond.

The society was founded in 1985 with its first president Guy Butler, a former Head of the English Department at Rhodes. This position has now been filled by Warren Snowball, a part-time lecturer in the Classics Department. During its long life, the society has sponsored a series of texts for students whose home language is not English and has authorised the publication of an academic journal, Shakespeare in Southern Africa. The society also funded Shakespeare SA, a tour-ing theatre company which has performed in areas of South Africa unaccustomed to

live theatre. An international conference on Shakespeare

is also held by the society at Rhodes every three years. “We have extended our activities to include an annual outreach project to local schools which still include Shakespeare in their curricula,” said Chairman of the Grahamstown branch Lynette Paterson. The project aims to highlight the im-portance of preserving interest in Shakespeare in other institutions.

Perhaps the most long-lived of the society’s traditions within Grahamstown is the public readings of Shakespeare’s works. “Over the past decade or so our reading group has read the en-tire canon, and we’re just at the point where we’re starting over again,” Paterson explained.

Classics Masters student Philippa Evans has participated in many of these readings, which occur once or twice a term. “I have had the pleasure of playing Ophelia on two occasions, Cleopatra, and assorted witches and crazy

women,” she said. The part of Hamlet has also been read numerous times before – once by a well-known theatre practitioner and part-time lecturer at the Drama department – so there is clearly interest from beyond the English department’s corridors.

“I wish more people knew about these read-ings and would participate. People are always pleasantly surprised at how much fun we have [expressing these characters],” Evans added.

Students interested in Shakespeare’s works can also benefit from these readings. “I would encourage more student involvement as being beneficial to all concerned, especially as the read-ings have recently been focusing on plays taught as part of the department’s curriculum,” said Dr Jamie McGregor of the English Department. A selection of Shakespeare’s histories, which are currently part of the English Honours course, will be tackled by the society this year, beginning with Richard II on 10 April.

“In line with many similar Shakespeare initia-tives across the world, the purpose of the society has always been to take the understanding and appreciation of Shakespeare beyond the acad-emy so that it enriches the lives of those who are interested in the world’s first globalising artist,” explained Honorary Life President of the society Professor Laurence Wright.

The society collaborated with the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA) to organise Shakespeare Day for learners which took place on 28 March. “This project has enjoyed gener-ous sponsorship from several local businesses, drawing them into our diverse circle of friends,” commented Paterson.

A celebratory dinner for society members will also be held on 22 and 23 April where Wright will be giving the annual Shakespeare Memorial Lec-ture in Eden Grove Blue. The title of the lecture is “‘Too much i’ the sun’: Hamlet and the form of the Humanities.”

William Shakespeare lives on after 450 years

Arts & Entertainment1 April 2014 The Oppidan Press 9

Matthew Field

Ubom! Eastern Cape Drama Company is gearing up to present a new show for the

people of Grahamstown. The Wangai is an adaption of Dr Seuss’ novel The Lorax, only this time with a unique South African spin. What makes The Wangai special is that Ubom! has enlisted the help of Rhodes Honours students in marketing and managing the production.

“[The Wangai] was originally produced by Ubom! as The Lorax,” said Megan Wright, one of the students recruited by the production company. Although the name of the produc-tion is a play on the name of Wangari Maathai, a prominent political and environmental activist from Kenya, the new show will take place in a South African setting. It will also “absolutely [have] an Eastern Cape point of refer-ence,” according to Rhodes Drama lecturer and director of The Wangai, Andrew Buckland.

“The story concerns this young ad-venturer who leaves his home to seek his fortune,” explained Buckland. “In his travels, he comes across this fan-tastic landscape full of amazing plants and animals. Unfortunately, he’s still caught up in the capitalist, consumer-ist view of the world that you have to make something to be successful.”

This attitude puts the hero at odds

with the local community and he ends up accidentally destroying the natural world around him. His actions cause ‘one guy’ to take a stand, resulting in everyone in the community joining forces to protect their environment.

The Wangai is aimed mainly at school children. Honours student Ryan Napier said, “It’s not simply about teaching an important mes-sage. It’s about bringing children from

all backgrounds into theatre.” Those involved are hoping to use the play to encourage young children to get in-volved in theatre and hopefully choose to follow it as a career later in life.

When asked what inspired the play, Buckland said, “We [Buckland and wife Janet] both love the story and the fact that it has appeal for both kids and adults.” He was also drawn to the fact that the story’s message was clear and

identifiable. Honours student Kamogelo Molo-

bye described The Wangai as “staying true to Ubom!” and its past style. “It’s definitely high-energy and fantastical,” added fellow student Pereko Makgothi. “There’s going to be lots of music, sing-ing and dancing.”

Wright and Molobye – together with fellow Honours students Ryan Napier, Benita Swanepoel, Pereko Makgothi,

Matthieu Maralack and Sandi Dlangalala – were recruited by Ubom! this year to help with the marketing and management of The Wangai and other projects in the near future.

By doing this work for the produc-tion company, the students not only make a valuable contribution to a respected organisation but also gain first-hand experience at running and managing a full-scale drama produc-tion. “It’s very collaborative,” said Wright. “It’s a case of ‘We scratch their back, they scratch ours.’”

Another important feature of the production will be its use of local tal-ent. Buckland said that Ubom! used local performers who have been train-ing with the production company for the last few years.

The entire cast of The Wangai will be made up of community artists sourced from around Grahamstown. The aim of this initiative is to encourage greater interaction between members of the local community and to support local artists.

“Although it is a cautionary tale, the work is created to be accessed and enjoyed by children and adults from the wide range of cultural backgrounds which the Eastern Cape is home to,” wrote Buckland in the official press release.

The Wangai will be performed from 14 – 17 April in the Rhodes Box Theatre.

Ubom! aims to teach ecological awareness

The theatrical thrill of tragedy

Nandi Majola and Serena Paver

Classics and Drama Honours student Kelsey Stewart will be taking her passion for Greek Tragedy to the stage in her directorial debut of Agamemnon by Steven Berkoff.

Stewart’s Agamemnon tells the story of two brothers, Thyestes and Atreus, who rule over ancient Argos together. Not all is well in the kingdom, however, and Thyestes has an affair with Atreus’ wife. Atreus then seeks revenge and murders Thyestes’ three children.

A generation later, tragedy once again looms on the horizon of the kingdom of Argos, now under the rule of Agamemnon. Agamemnon, the son of Atreus, has to bear the burden of the curse that Thyestes placed on Atreus’s bloodline after the murder of his children - a curse that brings terrible tragedy into Agamemnon’s life. You will have to watch the play to find out who it is that seals his fate in the end.

In Stewart’s rendition of the play, Wilhelm Schumann plays the role of Agamemnon and Amy Annear plays Clytemnestra, Agamemnon’s wife.

The other six members of the cast form part of the chorus, a key element in Berkovian Greek Theatre. In addition to this traditional element, Agamemnon also incorporates the more modern elements of physical theatre and multimedia.

For her directorial feat, Stewart was influenced by the physical theatre style that the Rhodes University Drama Department specializes in as well as the films Cloud Atlas (2012) and Perfume

(2006). The plays of Tony Harrison, a proponent of Greek Tragedy in modern theatre, were also a source of inspiration.

“The audience can expect an exciting, fast-paced visual spectacle, an eerie and unusual soundscape, and, of course, a classic Greek tragic plot: lots of action, suspense and dramatic cli-max,” said Stewart. “Most of all I would like them to be entertained and unsettled.”

Another Honours piece on the programme Last Taped Rockaby, is directed and constructed by Megan Wright and stars Ananda Paver and Gerhard De Lange.

This piece is a union of two plays created by absurdist playwright Samuel Beckett. The meet-ing of these two scripts is intended to pay homage to nostalgia: dealing with memory and loss as it investigates the lonely bitterness of becoming old.

Integrating spoken text with recorded voice-overs and making use of twisted sound and lighting effects, Last Taped Rockaby produces the alienation and anti-theatre essential in absurdist theatre. This disturbing piece takes a look at the dark side of the senile, wasting mind.

It follows 69-year-old Krapp who obsessively

replays past memories recorded on an antique tape player. He is the son of an immobile mother who rocks back and forth upstage, lamenting from her seat of decay.

When questioned about her unique vision of the show, Wright said, “I saw the absolute neces-sity to marry [the scripts]. The characters shared the same pain, the same space of consciousness and I needed to tell their stories together.” Wright also explained that she has been enthralled by the process, speaking of her growth and inspira-tion as a director. “I’m excited to unlock the vivid imagination I already love to indulge.”

“The show is inspired, charged and creative,” agreed Paver. “It has been great working with Megan as a director. Absurd theatre is very in-teresting to explore and I feel that it will speak to any audience member, seasoned theatre-goer or first time attender.”

“[The creation process] has been fun but chal-lenging,” said De Lange. “Beckett is very particu-lar about every pause and silence. It is a daunting task to find the ‘Beckett-ness’ of it all,” he added.

Come watch the Last Taped Rockaby and discover this ‘Beckett-ness’ for yourself.

”Tragedy and absurdism take centre stage Two Drama Honours students will be showcasing their non-real plays this Wednesday at 19:00 in the Rhodes Drama Box Theatre. The Last Taped Rockaby directed by Megan Grace Wright, and Agamemnon directed by Kelsey Stewart, will unveil to audiences the darker side of theatre.

Ubom! has enlisted the help of Rhodes drama Honours students in their latest production. Photo: ALEXA SEDGWICK

Absurdism hits the theatre

Most of all I would like them to be

entertained and unsettled

- Kelsey Stewart

Honours students are gearing up to explore absurdity and tragedy in their productions this Wednesday. Photo: SARAH WARD

“In line with many similar Shakespeare initia-tives across the world, the purpose of the society has always been to take the understanding and appreciation of Shakespeare beyond the acad-emy so that it enriches the lives of those who are interested in the world’s first globalising artist,” explained Honorary Life President of the society Professor Laurence Wright.

The society collaborated with the Institute for the Study of English in Africa (ISEA) to organise Shakespeare Day for learners which took place on 28 March. “This project has enjoyed gener-ous sponsorship from several local businesses, drawing them into our diverse circle of friends,” commented Paterson.

A celebratory dinner for society members will also be held on 22 and 23 April where Wright will be giving the annual Shakespeare Memorial Lec-ture in Eden Grove Blue. The title of the lecture is “‘Too much i’ the sun’: Hamlet and the form of the Humanities.”

William Shakespeare lives on after 450 years

Environment10 The Oppidan Press 1 April 2014

Mikaela Erskog

While most student activists recognise change as something that manifests most obviously in banner waving and mass protest, a handful

of students are demonstrating a more direct activism by meeting every other week to clean up the dam at Tunnels. The Facebook group ‘Clearing out the Tunnels dam’ was not a once-off project for the benefit of the participants at Tunnel Vision Fest. It is a group of people interested in maintaining the health of the natural landscape.

Rhodes fourth-year Fine Art student Sarah Mitchell started this initiative after she visited the dam and saw that Kariba weed (Salvinia molesta), an invasive aquatic plant species, was covering most of its surface. “This plant has been killing all the life in the dam – all the fish and the plants,” Mitchell said.

Mitchell mentioned that she initially got very little sup-port from fellow students. However, some students have now shown serious interest in the project and a group of them, still no more than ten at a time, now meet at least once a week to clear Kariba weed out of the dam. First-year Galad Smith is one of those students. “It has been an op-portunity to do something,” said Smith, “to use your energy and express yourself in a constructive way.” With increased support and commitment from students, Mitchell realised that, “if you go every day and make it a real thing, change can happen.”

However, when it comes down to the finer details, micro- activism of this kind does have its limits. Invasive plant species like Kariba weed are highly resilient and difficult to eradicate entirely. “What’s so tricky about it is that it duplicates,” remarked Mitchell. “You may clear half of the dam and then in the next couple of weeks, if you don’t carry on clearing it, it will double itself which sometimes makes it

feel like a losing battle.” Masters student Zolile Maseko, who has been working in

the Biological Control Research Unit, said that a limitation of manual clearing such as that done by Mitchell is that it can result in small particles of the plant being broken off into the water. This means that particles of the plant will remain in the contaminated area and duplicate further.

PhD candidate in Etymology Philip Weyl added that while manual removal of invasive plant species can be ben-eficial, the proper disposal of an invasive plant is essential. In the case of Kariba weed, if a miniscule amount of the weed gets into contact with a sustained body of water, it will rapidly multiply and invade that particular area and any areas linked to it.

The initiative of those few people clearing out the Tunnels dam speaks to a more immediate activism that is not con-fined by institutional procedure. This sort of activism may be a slow and quiet involvement, but it embodies proactive intent that can change the very landscape that surrounds us. Yet one should never underestimate the usefulness and value of the more formal structures already in place. Con-sulting experts on the best course of action moves towards a more rigorous, effective and responsible activism.

Working towards a real ACTIVism

Mikaela Erskog

In the wake of the Global March for Lions held on 15 March and the light it shed on the problematic practices of hunting, it is worth remembering that there is more than one perspec-tive on such a contentious issue. Some believe that hunting has its place in society as a conservation tool, a commercial practice or even as a recreational activity, while oth-ers consider it criminal. The latter opinion has often been the dominant public perception. Before one can condemn the practice of hunting altogether, one should look at its broader functions and benefits.

Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Uni-versity (NMMU) game reserve man-agement student David Melrose com-mented that hunting actually enables conservation of certain animal species. “Unfortunately, in this world, people associate most things with money,” he said. “So if there is no [monetary] value behind the animal, it is not really looked after. But with hunting, it gives value to certain animals.”

Melrose continued by explaining that animals are given ‘value’ through investment in breeding and arguing that the demand driven by trophy hunting leads to the purchasing of game reserves and animals. Hunting therefore contributes towards the con-servation of animals and their natural habitat. He pointed to the example of the sable antelope, which he believes was largely saved from extinction through the increased breeding and habitat protection that was created by demand from hunters.

Managing Director of Greenfire Tourism and Chairman of Balule Nature Reserve Andrew Dott also con-siders hunting to be a useful source of conservation, as well as income. Dott explained that game reserves incur expenses from maintaining infrastruc-ture and security which cannot be fully covered by the income generated from sightseeing tourism. As such, hunting is a popular option for maintaining game reserves and Dott sees hunting as a business venture that supports a community of humans and animals alike. “Provided that it is done intel-lectually, integrally and scientifically, it is sustainable,” he explained.

Dott believes that the efficient main-tenance of game reserves simultane-ously protects both its animal inhabit-ants and their natural environment. However, an area of concern which has the potential to solicit unsound hunt-ing practices is the realm of regulation. Rhodes University Zoology lecturer Dan Parker explained that private game owners are not legally required to ‘give back’ to the conservation projects, other than through the pay-ment of hunting permits. Dott added to this, stating that self-regulation by game managers is fundamental to the sustainability of hunting. Through analytical research, the game reserve can employ sustainable hunting by knowing the environmental statistics on species counts, territorial climate, predicted natural breeding patterns and other pertinent facts. This allows for the natural integrity of the animals and habitats to go unharmed by

hunting practices. Dott explained that such princi-

pled hunting should not interrupt the natural biological structures within the environment. “There is an absolute ethic that one needs to approach the whole issue from,” he said, “and that is why the word ‘sustainability’ comes into play, because whatever action you take has got to be sustainable in the long run. It can’t damage a species… it can’t damage a pride structure [or animal collective].”

Whilst explaining the legislation of hunting in South Africa, Parker pointed to the fact that South African citizens can own wild animals private-ly, in comparison to countries like the United States where wild animals are owned by the state. Private ownership often means less external regulation as the government does not have the capacity to regularly monitor all events in all the game reserves in South Africa. Parker commented: “Perhaps it is because the animal is on [the game reserve owners’] land and it is much more difficult to inspect them, that those grey areas tend to crop up.”

“Because of the way animals belong to the owner of the property,” Parker continued, “I think that does lend itself to all sorts of situations. But having said that, we have got pretty good laws against canned lion hunting in South Africa compared to elsewhere. It just seems that people tend to disregard those regulations.”

According to the arguments pre-sented above, if hunting was banned tomorrow, it is almost certain that the ban would have a negative impact on the environment and commerce. Mil-lions of rands would be lost and many other species would perish from the subsequent lack of control over erosive tenants, such as habitat destruction due to the overgrazing of overbred antelope herds.

Although hunting is not inherently bad, it does require rigorous regula-tions and continual exploration of the ethical parameters. There needs to be a distinction between areas where incentive-driven hunting contributes positively and negatively to conserva-tionist goals. Legislators, hunters and conservationists alike need to seriously engage with the laws that enable sus-tainable hunting.

Is hunting here to stay?

A handful of students take the initiative by cleaning the Kariba weed out of the Tunnel’s dam. Photo: SARAH MITCHELL

”

”If you go everyday and

make it a real thing, change can happen

- Sarah Mitchell, founder of the

Tunnels’ dam cleaning initiative

If hunting was banned

tomorrow, it’s almost certain

that the ban would have

a negative impact on the

environment and commerce

Elisa Edmondson

On 29 March, people were encouraged to celebrate Earth Hour by turning off all their energy-consuming devices between 20:30 and 21:30. The overarching message was that humankind needs to reduce their high energy con-sumption.

In order to identify ways in which Earth Hour’s message could be practically and sustainably applied in our daily lives, this question was posed to some members of the com-munity: How can we embody the ideals of Earth Hour on a day-to-day basis?

“Switch off your geysers. Remind people that it’s important to live sustainably.” – Peter DeLacy, Masters student, Environmental Science

Environment1 April 2014 The Oppidan Press 11

Luke Cadden

Kitchen waste can accumulate quickly and excessively, with most of the ‘waste’ simply becoming fodder for the bin. The truth is, you may not be aware of the intrinsic value your cooking scraps can have

on your garden and your pocket. Instead of buying someone else’s leftovers, homemade compost is a great way of reducing your own household waste and disposing of organic matter appropriately.

Here is how you can make your own compost:Construct a large wooden box, fenced cylinder or get an old bin with holes

in it in order to store the compost. The size of the container should be around 2m x 1m and it should be positioned on an elevated surface (preferably made out of wood if you use a wooden box). It is useful to have a stick in it to aerate the compost once it has fermented over a longer period of time.

The key to successful compost is effective layers. Layer the bottom of the compost box with newspaper (but not magazine or colour print/glossy finish pages) as well as lawn trimmings, dry leaves, small sticks, and wood chips and compact this all with a rake. Place used coffee granules, carrot and potato peelings as well as egg shells that are not boiled in the next layer. Most other organic matter can also be put in this layer, but citrus fruits must not be used.

To repeat the process, add another layer of newspaper and lawn trimmings followed by more kitchen leftovers. The top layer should have dry leaves and/or lawn trimmings. Once the compost box is at capacity, it is vital that the up-permost layer is left to ferment for at least three months. To start the fermenta-tion and whilst the fermentation process is occurring, pack the contents within the box with a garden rake or shovel and water it occasionally to add moisture to the mix.

Compounding waste with compost

Lauren Buckle

In a number of recent environmental campaigns, music has played a cen-tral role in ensuring that the protests stand out so that their personal battles become public concerns. Both the Global March for Lions and the Rhodes Earth Hour followed this increasingly popular trend and used music to attract more attention to their cause.

Nathi Mzileni, organiser of the Earth Hour event held at Rhodes on 29 March, incorporated music into the Earth Hour campaign to encourage students to protect their planet. “Music allows people to come together and to protect the one thing that we all share, our planet,” remarked Mzileni. He also feels that the use of music at the Earth Hour gathering drew more people towards the campaign effort at large.

Music also drew people to the Global March for Lions, held on 15 March. Animal rights activist Harry Owen commented, “Apart from draw-ing attention to the [lion] march itself, it seemed to me that the drumming applied a kind of breathing, a heart-beat, to the demonstration.

This was a living thing. People felt, rather than thought, the power of the cause.”

The campaign seemed to focus on music to communicate the serious-ness of the cause and its goals. Official songs were created for the march, but there were also many participants who added their informal chants and drumbeats to the campaign.

Julie Lines, founder of Voice of the Animals and co-founder of Awakening to Animals International Conference, and singer and songwriter David Cha-beaux, created the song ‘Lionhearts’ for the march. “Music is a universal human language that resonates with

us all on a deep level,” commented Chabeaux. “As such, it has the power to unite and bind us in this world of so much separation, to galvanise us towards positive change.”

German singer and songwriter Anouschka Pearlman actively promotes nature conservation and environmental awareness through her music. Her song ‘Dying to be Free’ was played on South African radio stations to garner support in the weeks leading up to Global March for Lions. The lyr-ics in the song are based on Dying to be Free by Gareth Patterson, an exposé on the canned lion hunting industry.

On a more informal level, Chair-person of African Drum Society and activist Kestrel Raik as well as fellow activist Emma Thompson brought their bongo drums to the lion march to generate interest for both the participants and the onlookers. “The music gives us a sense of connection to the protest,” explained Thompson, showing how protest songs can appeal to people’s feelings and unite a crowd under a single cause.

Pearlman echoed this sentiment: “A song goes straight to the heart and bypasses all our filters which would otherwise stop us from engaging.”

Music as a means of communication for a campaign has great mobility as it allows the message to travel beyond the bounds of the protest.

The songs of the Global March for Lions exhibited a means by which people could better hear the voice of an often distant cause.

Music enables the awareness of a campaign to sink in at the level of the individual as well as the community. The Rhodes Earth Hour not only paid homage to the planet, but encouraged mass participation and community action that unites us all in a collective environmental consciousness.

Music for the march

Illustration: AMY SLATEM

Applying Earth Hour beyond the blackout

”Rhodes encourages going beyond Earth Hour to become conscious consumers. Photo: GABRIELLA FREGONA

“Simplify your life as much as possible – reduce, re-use, recycle. That basically sums up my philosophy!” – Eileen Shepherd, Science and Pharmacy Principal Faculty Services Librarian

“Research the numbers and the costs and then use this to consciously think about the power you are wasting. Imagine what could be saved if everyone switched off appliances not in use. Don’t feel shy about reminding your digs mates, friends and family to do so.  Soon you will not be able to leave a room without switching off first.” – Professor Sheona Shackleton, Head of Department, Environmental Science

“Reduce your carbon footprint by purchasing recycled clothing. What’s not sold at our shop goes to the hospice shop so a worthwhile charity benefits too. Nothing is wasted!” – Di Westcott, owner of The Nearly New Shop, a second hand clothing store

“Use rain water tanks, plant indigenous plants in your garden, use vehicles as little as possible, recycle, and buy local foods.” – Professor Ian Meiklejohn, Head of Geography Department

“Before you throw something away, see if it can be used for something else. Use what you’ve got. Less is more.” – Tracy Jeffery, Owner of Kisma & Co., handmade gifts and art store

“We need to pay closer attention to what we do, think about the consequences of our actions, and make changes where we can. In terms of energy consumption, avoid over-use… switch off when you don’t need it… and use smarter technology wherever possible.” – Nikki Köhly, Safety, Health and Environmental Officer

“Consider the role you can play. If you use less energy, if you recycle, if you plant a veggie garden… whatever you do, it will make a difference.” – Karabo Chadzingwa, Masters student, Environmental Science

“Conserve water. We live in a town where there are always water shortages.Use a cup and fill it with water and use only that water when brushing your teeth. When showering, turn off the water when soaping yourself and turn it back on to rinse.” – Ruwa Nhamoinesu, Environmental Representa-tive, Dingemans Residence

“Use eco-friendly bulbs whenever possible. Be conscious of daily light use. Keeping the lights off can prevent structural fires as well.” – Leanne McKrill, Masters student, Environmental Learning Research Centre

Sports

Kimara Singh

Rhodes University’s soccer teams have started play-ing their annual league games, which extend into the third term. Both the men’s and women’s teams aim to be consistent against strong opposition, with the hope of qualifying for next year’s University Sports South Africa (USSA) soccer tournaments.

The first round of league fixtures took place on Sunday 23 March. The men lost their first match against Walter Sisulu University (WSU) Ibika 2-0, but bagged three points by default as a result of WSU NMD not pitching for the second fixture. Men’s team captain Artwell Marazani said, “We will look to improve on our performances next time by execut-ing all the chances we receive.”

The women’s team was also awarded three default points when their only game was cancelled due to their opposition, WSU not registering for the league in time. Women’s team coach Brynmor Heemro said that it is difficult to focus on improvements when they didn’t get the opportunity to test themselves in a match situation and that they could have used the early opportunity to gauge how well their pre-season training has gone.

However, Heemro has great faith in the team. “I have high

hopes for us qualifying for USSA but it is important that we take it one game at a time. During practice the girls have improved immensely; passes are sharper and confidence is building. They are humble and teachable and these two qualities will make them amazing footballers and will keep our prospects alive throughout the league campaign.”

Rhodes men’s coach Samkelo Papu added, “Our goal as Rhodes Soccer is to play in competitive, organised and well-structured football leagues and our focus is to finish in the top three at the end of the season to qualify for USSA soc-cer.” Like Heemro, he stated that he enjoys working with the players and believes that his team is improving day by day.

The Rhodes soccer teams need to build on their good work during the off-season - the men in particular have changes to make after their loss in the first round of fixtures. However, positivity and determination are essential in reaching sporting goals and the soccer teams hope to take courage from other sporting codes that have made it into past USSA tournaments.

Qualifying for the USSA soccer tournaments would be a huge boost for Rhodes soccer as a whole and the league has the potential to become a positive stepping stone for both soccer teams, provided that they play well and qualify for USSA by the end of the season.

RU soccer teams aim to qualify for USSA tournaments

A well-shaped column: calisthenics vs gymTimothy Collier

We take it for granted that almost everyone goes to the gym to exercise and often forget that before gyms existed people relied on little more than their own bodies to achieve incredible fitness results. Calisthenics is an alternative method of exercise which is based on this pre-gym style of training. It involves performing sets of simple but effective exercises that can be done anywhere. When used correctly, it can yield excellent results.

It is not a new concept or way of training. In fact, it has been around for centuries. Although often sold as a ‘softer’ form of training, it is far from easy and involves a range of exercises such as push-ups, sit-ups, burpees, pull ups, dips and the signature move – the human flag. The core of calisthenics lies in the exclusion of equipment from training, which is a popular idea with 5th Dan kickboxing instructor Shihan Shaun Römer. “I prefer to train without weights so I think it is a viable alternative,” he said.

Hit Richards, President and founder of Calisthenics Kingz, also praises this style of exercise, “I think calisthenics is the best viable alternative to gym training,” he said. “One of the main reasons is because it can be done any-where, at any time and you specifically don’t need any equipment.” Richards went on to say that he prefers calisthenics training due to the fact that it helps to build better functional strength, increases flexibility and endurance, and “sharpens both balance and coordination skills”. According to Richards, training in this way leaves one less prone to injuries.

Another option, especially for those who are concerned about retain-ing muscle mass, is to combine calisthenics and weight training. Qualified personal trainer Brandon Redman says that the advantage of this is that you are able to achieve “a more athletic build, rather than that bulky, heavy look”. You will also be able to mix up your workout routine, because “train-ing solely in the gym tends to get monotonous”. The choice comes down to the specific individual’s training needs, but calisthenics does seem to offer a dynamic alternative to weight training.

Hit Richards of Calisthenics Kingz successfully represents the human flag.Photo: SUPPLIED

”Calisthenics

is the best viable

alternative to gym training.

Douglas Smith

Last month the South African u18 five-a-side hockey team qualified for the 2014 Summer

Youth Olympics which are to take place in Nanjing, China from 16-28 August. Rhodes University’s very own Cody van Wyk was part of the nine-man squad which conquered all opposition at the African qualifica-tion round in Zambia.

Van Wyk has represented Eastern Province hockey since he was 13 years old. This year he became one of the first students to come to Rhodes on a hockey scholarship. The University has placed an emphasis on the sport since the men’s first team qualified to compete in this year’s inaugural Varsity Cup hockey tournament. His selec-tion for the national five-a-side team was announced in December 2013 and since then van Wyk has made a smooth transition to the shorter for-mat of the game.

The five-a-side format was created to make the game even faster and more exciting, much the same as sevens has done for rugby. Each team consists of a goalkeeper, two defenders, two attack-ers, and rolling substitutes. The turf is surrounded by low boards to keep the ball from going out of play, so players hardly get to take a breath during the game. Their only relief comes in the two minute breaks between each of the three 12-minute chukkas.

During the qualification rounds, the South Africans managed to fend off some strong opposition despite being down by a player in most of their matches. “It’s really tough when some-one on the team gets a yellow card, because then you have to run twice

as hard,” explained van Wyk. “One of our defenders got a card in every game except one.”

Their 4-3 win over Kenya was a clear example of the team defending their precarious lead with only four players and scraping through to the knockout rounds.

Although they qualified for the Youth Olympics by defeating host na-tion Zambia 3-1 in the final, the team is still not certain of its participation in China. South Africa will only send one sports team from each gender to compete and the five-a-side hockey team is in contention with the men’s 7’s rugby and badminton teams.

Regardless of whether or not they get the nod to compete in China, the men’s five-a-side hockey squad will be

preparing. Van Wyk is happy with the way his game is improving under the Rhodes system.

The University’s first team squad has been hard at work this year with training camps, early morning gym sessions and video analysis sessions. Van Wyk has found that adding weight training to his routines has helped him to develop his game. “I’ve got more confidence compared to last year, I would never throw overheads,” he said.

He and his national teammates are holding thumbs that they get their well-earned chance to compete in Chi-na against the best in the world. Until then, he will continue to be an asset to the Rhodes first XI as they strive for success in this year’s Varsity Cup.

Van Wyk helps SA five-a-side hockey qualify for Youth Olympics

Cody van Wyk (bottom right) and his national team-mates celebrate after securing victory in Zambia. Photo: BRANDON SWART

Biko’s legacy lives on Programs with no price Life when the lights come on

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- Hit Richards President and founder

Calisthenics Kings