the organic medicinal herb farmer: ch 1 - why grow medicinal herbs?

8/9/2019 The Organic Medicinal Herb Farmer: Ch 1 - Why Grow Medicinal Herbs?

1/16

O E C Y [ M ^

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0

lr`ws. Ym`phm puroecsm oecg`gbhm tmc t` emhp rmhcx,

`ftma wbte hbtthm teùlet cnùt e`w bt bs lr`wa, ecr-

vmstmk, cak wemtemr bt wcs sprcymk wbte oemgbochs ̀ r

brrckbctmk kurbal bgp`rt. B cg ecppy t` rmp`rt tect

baormcsmk cttmatbà t` f``k scfmty cak quchbty stca-

kcrks, tem hòch f``k g`vmgmat, cak ̀ rlcabo lr`wbalgmte`ks crm oecalbal tebs. [em sblabffiocat w`rd `f

`rlcabzctbàs suoe cs tem aàpr`ffit ]abtmk Yhcat

_cvmrs ecs chs` mhmvctmk cwcrmamss cnùt sustcba-

cnbhbty f`r actbvm wbhk phcat p`puhctbàs tect crm ct

rbsd, kum ba pcrt t` ̀ vmrecrvmstbal f`r tem emrn bakus-

try. Baormcsbalhy, bakbvbkuchs, gcaufcoturmrs ̀ f emrnch

pr`kuots, cak emchte prcotbtbàmrs crm kmgcakbal

[em clrbouhturch rmv`hutbà bs truhy ecppmabal, mspm-

obchhy wemrm wm hbvm ba Vmrgàt. Amsthmk wbteba temsm

lrmma r`hhbal ebhhs cak gùatcbas bs c rboe o`ggu-

abty `f sgchh fcrgs, `vmr ffivm euakrmk `f weboe crm

omrtbffimk `rlcabo.3 [`kcy fcrgmrs crm lr`wbal cak

pr`kuobal c gyrbck `f ‘chtmractbvm or`ps,‗ fr`gchpcocs t` orcanmrrbms, mgus t` guser``gs cak mvma

rbom. Rmt wema csdmk wect dbak `f fcrg wm `wa cak

`pmrctm, temrm crm ̀ ftma pmrphmxmk h``ds ̀ r cwdwcrk

j`dms wema wm scy, ‘\m lr`w gmkbobach emrns.‗

@aom bt‒s mstcnhbsemk tect wm‒rm a`t lr`wbal gcrb-

jucac, tem qumstbàs stcrt cak just kà‒t st`p. ‘\ect

dbak `f emrns k` yù lr`w0 Crm temy ecrk t` lr`w0

\eboe phcats lr`w emrm0 \emrm k` yù smhh temg0 Bs

bt pr`ffitcnhm0 Oca wm o`gm t` vbsbt0‗ Gcay pm`phm

kà‒t rmchbzm emrns crm usmk f`r gmkbobach purp`sms

cak tect gcay `f tem pecrgcomutboch kruls temy crmfcgbhbcr wbte wmrm kmrbvmk fr`g phcat o`gpùaks.

[emy `ftma tebad g`rm `f emrns cs ouhbacry balrmkb-

mats teca cs emchbal clmats. Bt bs ca matbrmhy amw

oàompt f`r g`st pm`phm tect gmkbobach emrns oca

lr`w suoomssfuhhy ba Vmrgàt, wemrm tem wbatmrs crm

o`hk cak hàl cak tem suggmr sua vcrbcnhm. Lr`w-

bal hòch f``k gcdms smasm t` temg, nut lr`wbal

hòch gmkbobam sùaks rmv`hutbàcry.

\bte tem mxph`sbvm lr`wte `f tem emrnch pr`kuots

bakustry ba tem hcst twmaty ymcrs `r s`, g`rm pm`phm

crm nmo`gbal cwcrm tect emrns oca baormcsm tembr

wmhh-nmbal cak vbtchbty. Nut uatbh rmomathy tem punhbo‒s

fòus ecs nmma prbgcrbhy à temrcpmutbo usms `f

gmkbobach emrns, wbte hbtthm cttmatbà pcbk t` wemrm

tem phcats usmk ba emrnch pr`kuots `rblbactmk. F`r

mxcgphm, gcay pm`phm usm moebacomc mxtrcots nut

ecvm hbgbtmk uakmrstcakbal cnùt e`w tem phcat

Fblurm 3->. Moebacomc purpurmc ba fuhh nh``g. Ye`t`lrcpe

oùrtmsy `f Dctm Ohmcrhblet


2/16

> [em @rlcabo Gmkbobach Emrn Fcrgmr

rboe cak fcsobactbal ebst`ry. \ebhm bt bs a`t uausuch

t` emcr emrnchbsg rmfmrrmk t` ba tem ]abtmk _tctms

cs ‘Amw Clmy,‗ tem mvbkmaom `f eugcas utbhbzbal

gmkbobach phcats bs vmry, vmry `hk. _` `hk, ba fcot,

tect ffifty-teùscak-ymcr-`hk Amcakmrtech sdmhmtàs

rmomathy mxocvctmk ba _pcba wmrm kmtmrgbamk t`

ecvm tem rmgcbas `f tw` gmkbobachhy cotbvm phcats,

ycrr`w cak oecg`gbhm, mgnmkkmk ba tem phcqum à

tembr tmmte. Ba a`rtemra Brcq sbxty-teùscak-ymcr-`hk

Amcakmrtech rmgcbas wmrm fùak t` ecvm nmma nur-

bmk wbte c ‘nùqumt‗ ̀ f gmkbobach phcats oàtcbabal

ycrr`w, mpemkrc, gchh`w, lrùaksmh, cak omatcury.

[em wrbttma rmo`rk `f gmkbobach phcat usclm ba

g`kmra eugcas kctms ncod cppr`xbgctmhy ffivm teù-

scak ymcrs ba _ugmrbca cak Ncnyhàbca tmxts. Emrm

ba A`rte Cgmrboc actbvm pm`phms eck c vcst da`wh-mklm `f gmkbobach `rc, gcay spmobms `f weboe crm

tem g`st p`puhcr emrns usmk t`kcy. _csscfrcss r``t,

f`r mxcgphm, nmocgm tem ffirst gcj`r o`gg`kbty or`p

mxp`rtmk fr`g tem ]abtmk _tctms ncod t` Malhcak t`

nm usmk ba c vcrbmty `f tàbos cak mxtrcots. O`hàbsts

chs` nrùlet smvmrch spmobms `f emrns t` tem Amw

\`rhk, gcay `f weboe qubodhy acturchbzmk emrm cak

nmocgm tem ffirst aàactbvm wmmks.

Jugpbal cemck t` tem mcrhy twmatbmte omatury,

ùr lrcakg`temrs out, stmcgmk, cak ctm kcakmhbà

lrmmas ba tem sprbal `f tem ymcr nmocusm, ba ckkbtbàt` tembr nmbal rmchhy tcsty, Lrcakgc damw temy wmrm

l``k f`r emr. _em eck a`t rmck tem rmsmcroe rmp`rts

kmgàstrctbal tect nbttmr smsqubtmrpmam hcotàms ba

kcakmhbà hmcvms stbguhctm nbhm smormtbàs t` cbk ba tem

kblmstbvm pròmss. _em damw tebs sbgphy nmocusm mctbal

kcakmhbà hmcf gckm emr n`ky fmmh rmchhy l``k. _em

usmk temsm phcats nmocusm temy wmrm rmckbhy cvcbhcnhm,

frmm f`r tem pbodbal, cak rmgcrdcnhy mffmotbvm. [ebs

wcs a`t uao`ggà. G`st pm`phm `f emr lmamrctbà

eck c oàamotbà t` tem phcats ba tembr ncodycrks,

w``ks, cak gmck`ws cak utbhbzmk temg f`r f``k cak

gmkbobam, a`t àhy nmocusm temsm phcats wmrm frmm `r

mcsbhy `ntcbamk nut nmocusm temy wmrm mffmotbvm.

[ema chàl ocgm tem tmoea`h`lboch rmv`hutbà,

lbvbal rbsm t` oàtmgp`rcry gmkbobam cak wect gcay

rmfmr t` cs tem ‘sbhvmr nuhhmt‗ cppr`coe. [ebs cppr`coe

trmctmk tem pctbmat wbte syatemtbo kruls ̀ r surlmry t`

cak wbhhbal t` pcy c prmgbug f`r eble-quchbty,

`rlcabochhy lr`wa emrns. [emy crm a`t baohbamk t`

smtthm f`r p``r-quchbty `r bgp`rtmk emrns tect crm

brrckbctmk, sprcymk, cak lr`wa ba uaacturch, uasus-

tcbacnhm, `r uamteboch wcys, mvma wema temy gcy nmhmss mxpmasbvm.

Kmspbtm temsm baormcsmk kmgcaks, o`ggmrobch

gmkbobach emrn fcrgbal ba tem ]abtmk _tctms bs stbhh ba

bts rmhctbvm bafcaoy. Bt bs tbgm t` oecalm tect4 wm ammk

t` baormcsm emrn lr`wbal ba mvmry stctm cak nb`rmlbà.

Chg`st mvmry spmobms `f gmkbobach emrns ba o`ggà

usm t`kcy oùhk nm lr`wa emrm ba tem ]abtmk _tctms,

fr`g Gcbam t` Ecwcbb. [emsm crm fmrtbhm tbgms f`r

tem bakustry, cak bt bs tbgm t` matbom g`rm lr`wmrs

bat` tem ffimhk cak t` maoùrclm mxbstbal fcrgmrs t`

kbvmrsbfy tembr or`ps t` baohukm gmkbobach phcats.

C Amw Cppr`coet` @hk-\`rhk GmkbobamBa `rkmr t` uakmrstcak wemrm wm crm l`bal, wm gust

h``d ffirst ct wemrm wm‒vm nmma. Emrnchbsg ecs c

Fblurm 3-?. Frmse gbhdy `cts nmbal prmpcrmk bat` c tbaoturm.

Ye`t`lrcpe oùrtmsy `f Dctm Ohmcrhblet


3/16

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0 ?

cak `temr emchte-ocrm prcotbtbàmrs crm rmo`labzbal

tem mfffiocoy `f n`tcabochs cak crm fcr g`rm `pma t`

tem batmlrctbà `f gmkbobach emrns ba tembr trmctgmat

pr`tò`hs. Cftmr chh, chg`st >= pmromat `f g`kmra

pecrgcomutboch kruls crm a`w `r ecvm nmma kmrbvmkfr`g phcat o`gpùaks.> [ebs batmlrctbvm cppr`coe

bs tem dmy t` nrbklbal tem lcp nmtwmma `hk-w`rhk

cak amw-w`rhk gmkbobam cak bs c vbtch o`gpàmat t`

bgpr`vbal cak gcbatcbabal tem emchte `f ùr phcamt

cak bts baecnbtcats.

\bte tem rmsurlmaom `f emrnch gmkbobam, tebs bs

ca mxobtbal tbgm f`r te`sm `f us we` usm, lctemr, `r

lr`w emchbal emrns. Ym`phm ammk temsm phcats. [emy

wcat temg hbvm, krbmk, cak frmse‛f`r tem gmkbobam

temy gcdm, tem lcrkmas temy lr`w, cak tem ohcssms

temy tmcoe. Cs c rmsuht temrm bs c lr`wbal ammk f`r

gmkbobach emrn fcrgs, cak temrm crm gcay wcys emrn

lr`wmrs oca pcrtbobpctm ba cak nmo`gm ca batmlrch

pcrt `f tebs lrmma g`vmgmat.

Chteùle temrm bs lrmct kmgcak f`r gmkbobach emrns

cak cgczbal ̀ pp`rtuabtbms mxbst f`r fcrgmrs, temrm crm

stbhh eurkhms fcobal tebs mgmrlbal bakustry. Ba >93? tem

chhmvbctm sygpt`gs cssòbctmk wbte kbsmcsm `r bajury

ffirst cak f`rmg`st, webhm ckkrmssbal tem r``t ocusm ̀ f

tem cbhgmat smoàkcrbhy, bf ct chh. Ba tem ]abtmk _tctms

tebs typm `f gmkbobam nmocgm tem gcbastrmcg, cak

‘emchbal‗ nmocgm tem k`gbabà `f emchte-ocrm pr`-

vbkmrs. [em w`rk ‘krul‗ btsmhf o`gms fr`g tem @hk

Frmaoe kr`lm-vctm, hbtmrchhy trcashctmk cs ‘phcat gmk-

bobam st`rmk ba c ncrrmh,‗ nut tebals omrtcbahy oecalmk

cs tect ̀ hk w`rk t``d ̀ a amw gmcabal. Gcay pm`phm

hbdm ̀ ur lrcakg`temrs cak ̀ temrs ba sunsmqumat lma-

mrctbàs mvmatuchhy nmocgm g`rm kbsoàamotmk fr`g

tem phcats cak tembr hòch gmkbobams cak tàbos, cs

oàvmabmaom trugpmk quchbty.

F`rtuactmhy, temrm bs trcasf`rgctbà cf``t, ba hcrlm

pcrt cs c rmsuht ̀ f tem basbletfuh cak ecrk w`rd ̀ f tem

emrnch o`gguabty. \ebhm ‘sbhvmr nuhhmt‗ gmte`k`h`-lbms stbhh prmk`gbactm ba g`st `f ùr e`spbtchs cak

gmkboch ohbabos, wm crm baormcsbalhy mgp`wmrmk t`

tcdm c g`rm prmvmatbvm cppr`coe t` ùr `wa emchte

ocrm cak t` ckkrmss tem r``t ocusm ̀ f kbsmcsm ̀ r bajury.

Yeyt`temrcpbms (phcat-ncsmk temrcpbms) ecvm nmma

bastrugmatch ba tebs ‘amw‗ uakmrstcakbal ̀ f emchbal.

Gcay rmfmr t` tebs pcrckblg sebft cs ‘tem emrnch

rmacbsscaom.‗ Emrnch emchbal, ba tem wmst f`romk

uakmrlrùak `r amlhmotmk f`r pmrb`ks rcalbal fr`g

kmockms t` omaturbms, ba gcay ouhturms bs rmsurfcobal.

[ecads t` nmamffits pr`vbkmk ny g`kmra tmoea`h`l-boch ckvcaoms cak amwfùak cpprmobctbà, ba gcay

wcys emrnch emchbal bs a`w nmo`gbal nmttmr cak

g`rm mffmotbvm teca mvmr. \m ecvm ca cgczbal cak

bavchucnhm ocoem `f baf`rgctbà cak rmsùroms tect

nmlca hàl cl` cs sp`dma w`rk fr`g vbhhclm emchmrs

cak secgcas, mv`hvmk terùle wrbttma tmxts, cak ecs

a`w matmrmk tem mhmotràbo kctc-secrbal rmchg vbc tem

\`rhk \bkm \mn. \m ecvm o`gm fuhh obrohm, rmturabal

t` tem wbsk`g `f ùr mhkmrs webhm nubhkbal à tem

rmsmcroe, da`whmklm, cak basblets pr`vbkmk ny tem sob-

matbffio o`gguabty, wbte n`tcabochs fràt cak omatmr.

Mkuoctbà ecs chs` phcymk ca mssmatbch r`hm ba tebs

emrnch rmv`hutbà. Ohbaboch emrnchbsts crm stukybal ct

coormkbtmk o`hhmlms, uabvmrsbtbms, cak `temr mkuoc-

tbàch ̀ rlcabzctbàs ct ca baormkbnhm rctm. [emy nrbal

tebs caobmat ymt amwfùak da`whmklm ncod t` tembr

fcgbhbms cak o`gguabtbms. Yeysbobcas, vmtmrbacrbcas,

Fblurm 3-;. \`rks tect emhpmk kmffiam cak secpm tem \mstmra

emrnch g`vmgmat.


4/16


5/16

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0 =

Eurkhms ba temFbmhk cak Gcrdmtphcom

[moea`h`lboch ckvcaoms ba clrbouhturm `vmr tem pcstomatury ba tem ]abtmk _tctms ecvm hmk t` baormkbnhm

lcbas ba o`gg`kbty or`p pr`kuotbà mfffiobmaobms à

c pmr-corm ncsbs. Chg`st chh `f tebs tmoea`h`ly ecs

làm bat` kmvmh`pbal nbllmr cak fcstmr gcoebamry

t` pr`kuom g`rm f``k, fumh, ffinmr, cak semhtmr, a`t

gmkbobach phcats. [em w`rhk‒s hmckbal pr`kuomrs `f

n`tcabochs, weboe baohukm Oebac, Bakbc, cak smvmrch

mcstmra Mur`pmca oùatrbms, crm wcy cemck `f tem

]abtmk _tctms ba tmrgs `f mqubpgmat, tmoeabqums,

cak v`hugm f`r n`tcabochs pr`kuotbà. [em ]_KC

k`msa‒t mvma o`hhmot kctc rmlcrkbal tem pr`kuotbà ̀ fgmkbobach emrns f`r o`ggmrom ba tem ]abtmk _tctms,

s` cs fcr cs temy crm oàomramk, bt‒s chg`st cs bf o`g-

gmrobch gmkbobach emrn fcrgmrs kà‒t mxbst emrm.

[em sbgphm fcot bs tect tem rmsurlmaom `f emrn-

chbsg ba tem ]abtmk _tctms bs rmhctbvmhy amw. @a c

actbàch sochm wm crm just octoebal up t` wect tem

rmst `f tem w`rhk ecs nmma k`bal chh chàl: batmlrct-

bal g`kmra tmoea`h`lboch gmkbobam bat` ca chrmcky

mxbstbal fùakctbà `f acturch emchbal prcotboms.

N`tcabochs crm tem ffirst oe`bom ba prmvmatbvm emchte

ocrm ba g`st oùatrbms ùtsbkm tem ]abtmk _tctms cak

Ocackc. [emsm oùatrbms ecvm kmvmh`pmk spmobchbzmk

mqubpgmat cak tmoeabqums t` a`t àhy supphy tembr

`wa rcw gctmrbch ammks nut chs` pr`kuom maùle

surphus t` mxp`rt t` oùatrbms hbdm ùrs tect crm wcy

nmebak tem ourvm. A`w a`t àhy crm wm nuybal tembr

emrns, wm crm chs` nuybal cak bgp`rtbal (g`st `ftma

]abtmk _tctms bgp`rtmk 9,999 t` $;9,999 pmr corm

lr`wbal kcakmhbà r``t cak hmcf0 Em oùhk ckk

ca`temr tma spmobms `f or`ps t` kbvmrsbfy ebs `ffmrbal

cak o`vmr-or`p echf `f ebs hcak cs pcrt `f c r`tctbà

t` nmlba rmst`rbal tem `rlcabo gcttmr kmphmtmk fr`g

ymcrs ̀ f p``r fcrgbal prcotboms. Em oùhk ebrm c oà-

suhtcat spmobchbzbal ba n`tcaboch pr`kuotbà, rmtr`ffit

tect o`gnbam t` ecrvmst oecg`gbhm cak ̀ temr n`tca-

bochs wbte bt. Em oùhk oàvmrt ebs lrcba nbas t` emrn

kmeykrct`rs cak oàtcot s`gm `f tem teùscaks `f

sgchh cak hcrlm emrnch pr`kuot gcaufcoturmrs ba tem

]abtmk _tctms we` crm kmspmrctmhy smcroebal f`r

k`gmstbo sùroms `f eble-quchbty nuhd emrns. _ùaks

sbgphm, rblet0 \mhh, bf àhy bt wmrm tect mcsy.

Fblurm 3-


6/16

6 [em @rlcabo Gmkbobach Emrn Fcrgmr

gcturm, g`rm gmkbc rmp`rts surfcomk4 ̀ ahy tebs tbgm,

bastmck `f tùtbal tem nmamffits `f tebs p`tmat phcat,

amw stukbms ocgm ùt tect cttmgptmk t` kmnuad prm-

vbùs ffiakbals. Emckhbams suoe cs ‘Moebacomc hmcvms

usmrs ba tem o`hk‗ smat schms `f supphmgmats oàtcba-

bal moebacomc phuggmtbal ct tem scgm tbgm tect gcay

fcrgmrs wmrm lmttbal rmcky t` ecrvmst tembr amw ‘ocse

or`p.‗ _ukkmahy tem moebacomc gcrdmt wcs ``kmk,

cak tem prbom phuggmtmk. Gcay fcrgmrs wmrm f`romk

t` ph`w tembr or`ps uakmr t` out tembr h`ssms. [ebs wcs

c tùle babtbctbà bat` lr`wbal gmkbobachs f`r gcay

fcrgmrs ct tem tbgm cak ecs eck hbalmrbal mffmots à

tem uaomrtcbaty `f tem gmkbobachs gcrdmt.

Ca`temr oechhmalm fcobal nmlbaabal emrn fcrgmrs

bs tem hcod `f mkuoctbàch rmsùroms cvcbhcnhm t`

lubkm temg ba mstcnhbsebal tembr or`ps cak gcrdmts.[emrm bs ca `vmrwemhgbal kctcncsm `f baf`rgctbà

cvcbhcnhm t` lr`wmrs `f oàvmatbàch or`ps cak suoe

pr`kuots cs vmlmtcnhms, gbhd, cak lrcbas, nut wema bt

o`gms t` chtmractbvm or`ps suoe cs gmkbobachs, temrm

bs c smrbùs kmffiobt `f mcsbhy coomssbnhm cak coourctm

da`whmklm. [em l`ch `f tebs n``d bs t` emhp pcvm tem

wcy f`r c amw nrmmk `f fcrg cak fcrgmr.

Hbdm g`st `temr clrbouhturch matmrprbsms, gmkbob-

ach emrn fcrgs vcry wbkmhy ba sbzm, gcrdmt, gmte`ks

usmk, cak pr`kuots lr`wa. [emrm crm s`gm lblcatbo

o`ggmrobch emrn fcrgs ba mcstmra Mur`pm cak Bakbc,f`r mxcgphm, wbte g`rm teca c teùscak corms ba pr`-

kuotbà, cak tema temrm crm tbay emrn fcrgs chh `vmr

tem w`rhk fcrgbal ca corm `r hmss. Chteùle gmkbob-

ach emrn fcrgs crm uabqum cak rmhctbvmhy uao`ggà

cs fcr cs fcrgs l`, mspmobchhy ba tem ]abtmk _tctms,

temy crm a`t chh tect kbffmrmat fr`g gcay g`rm ‘oà-

vmatbàch‗ typm clrbouhturch `pmrctbàs.

[` tem ocsuch `nsmrvmr Zcod \``ks Emrn Fcrg

(Z\EF) wùhk hbdmhy cppmcr guoe hbdm tect `f c

sgchh, kbvmrsm vmlmtcnhm fcrg, wbte lrmmaeùsms cak

r`w cftmr r`w ̀ f vcrbùs spmobms ̀ f uabf`rghy phcatmk

or`ps tmakmk ny ffimhk w`rdmrs krbvbal trcot`rs cak

w`rdbal tem mcrte wbte tembr ecaks `r wbte t``hs. Bf

tect `nsmrvmr wmrm t` h``d oh`smhy, teùle, sem gblet

a`tbom tect gcay `f tem or`ps lr`wa à tebs fcrg

rmsmgnhm phcats sem wùhk g`rm hbdmhy phcat cs ̀ rac-

gmatchs ba emr `wmr nmks rctemr teca phcats tect

ct mx`rnbtcat o`sts) tem spmobchbzmk mqubpgmat temy

ecvm kmvmh`pmk t` pr`kuom n`tcabochs ba ca cttmgpt

t` supphy ùr `wa k`gmstbo emrn ammks.

Cs c actbà wm ammk t` sebft ùr cttmatbà cwcy

fr`g c gy`pbo fòus ̀ a o`gg`kbty or`ps cak utbhbzm

ùr vcst clrbouhturch tmoea`h`lbms, rmsùroms, cak

da`whmklm t` kbvmrsbfy cak baohukm lr`wbal g`rm

gmkbobach phcat or`ps ̀ a c o`ggmrobch sochm. Nmocusm

hcrlm clrbnusbamssms ecvm nmma rmhuotcat t` k` tebs,

temrm bs `pp`rtuabty emrm f`r hòch lr`wmrs à sgchh

fcrgs crùak tem oùatry t` gmmt tebs kmgcak ba ca

mo`h`lbochhy, ffiacaobchhy sustcbacnhm cak g`rch wcy.

Rmt cs fcrgmrs mgnrcom tem bkmc ̀ f lr`wbal gmkbo-

bachs, temy crm fcomk wbte ca`temr hmcrabal ourvm ba

tem n`tcabochs gcrdmtphcom. ]ahbdm tem gcrdmts f`r

s`y, o`ra, cak `temr o`gg`kbtbms, tem n`tcabochsgcrdmt oca nm mxtrmgmhy v`hctbhm cak bs ̀ ftma sunjmot

t` tem hctmst trmaks cak rmsmcroe rmp`rts. Gcay ba tem

bakustry rmfmr t` tebs cs tem ‘Kr. @z (c ocrkb`te`rcobo

surlmà, cute`r, cak p`puhcr [V e`st we` cots cs

c emchte luru t` tem gcssms) pema`gmaà.‗ Emrm

à ùr emrn fcrg tem peàm rbals kcbhy wbte ochhs

fr`g oust`gmrs baqubrbal cnùt `r phcobal `rkmrs

f`r tem nuhd emrns wm lr`w. @oocsbàchhy temrm wbhh

nm c a`tbomcnhm spbdm ba kmgcak f`r c pcrtbouhcr cak

`ftmatbgms rmhctbvmhy ̀ nsourm spmobms `f emrn. \m cak

gcay `temrs ecvm a`tbomk tect temrm smmgs t` nm co`rrmhctbà nmtwmma temsm spbdms cak wect Kr. @z

cak `temrs hbdm ebg ecvm tchdmk cnùt à tembr hctmst

amtw`rd tmhmvbsbà mpbs`km. \ebhm tebs oca nm lrmct

punhbobty, temrm bs chs` baemrmat rbsd ba bt. Ba tem mcrhy

3229s, f`r mxcgphm, wema c gcj`r tmhmvbsbà amtw`rd

amws se`w pr`kuomk c st`ry tùtbal tem vbrtums `f

Moebacomc purpurmc cak bts p`tmat bgguam-n``stbal

cotbvbtbms, schms ̀ f emrnch pr`kuots oàtcbabal moebac-

omc wmat terùle tem r``f, cs kbk tem prbom `f nuhd

moebacomc r``t, hmcf, cak `wmr. Kmgcak s`crmk, cak

gcay fcrgmrs gckm tembr ffirst cttmgpt ct kbvmrsbfybal

tembr t`ncoo` `r vmlmtcnhm fcrgs ny phcatbal smvmrch

corms `f moebacomc.

Ba tem tw` t` termm ymcrs tect bt t``d f`r tem pmrma-

abch moebacomc or`p t` gcturm, prboms cak `ptbgbsg

s`crmk cs g`rm moebacomc wcs phcatmk. [ema rmchbty

smt ba. Cftmr termm ymcrs `f wcbtbal f`r tem or`p t`


7/16

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0 <

fcrgbal) t` cs gcay cs tma corms ̀ f or`ps ourrmathy ba

pr`kuotbà cs `f tem wrbtbal `f tebs n``d.

@am gcy wàkmr wey wm kà‒t just utbhbzm ùr

`wa tma corms `f hcak f`r or`p pr`kuotbà bastmck

`f hmcsbal ckkbtbàch hcak, sbaom tect bs tem sochm

wm crm ourrmathy w`rdbal à. [em caswmr t` tect

qumstbà bs termmf`hk. [em prbgcry rmcsà wm hmcsm

g`rm hcak teca wm ammk t` phcat ùr r`w or`ps à

bs tect wm r`tctm or`ps ba vcrbùs ymcrs fr`g ffimhk

t` ffimhk kmpmakbal à phcat cak s`bh ammks. _moàk,

wm wbhk-ecrvmst (chs` da`wa cs wbhkorcftbal) vcrb-

ùs spmobms lr`wbal wbhk à kbffmrmat crmcs `f temsm

nb`h`lbochhy kbvmrsm trcots `f hcak4 ffiachhy, wm fmmh bt

bs bgp`rtcat t` ecvm ca mxtrc ousebà ̀ f ̀ pp`rtuabty

ba ocsm wm kmobkm t` mxpcak ùr sochm shblethy. \ebhm

tem cvmrclm tma corms `f hcak wm ecvm phcatmk fr`gymcr t` ymcr bs prbgcrbhy utbhbzmk f`r r`w or`ppbal,

tem rmgcbakmr `f tem hcak bs mbtemr fchh`w wbte act-

urch s`k o`vmr `r phcatmk wbte s`bh-nubhkbal o`vmr

or`ps ba prmpcrctbà f`r futurm phcatbals.

[eùle rmhctbvmhy rcrm cs fcr cs fcrgmrs l`, tem

gmkbobach emrn fcrgmr bs a`t uahbdm g`st `temr clrb-

ouhturch matrmprmamurs ba nusbamss t`kcy. \m rbsm ct

kcwa cak w`rd ecrk wbte tem hcak, hbgbtmk gcbahy ny

ùr peysboch stcgbac cak kcyhblet eùrs. \m l` t` nmk

t` rmoecrlm, cak wm rbsm clcba, `ftma fcomk wbte amw

oechhmalms, mxpmotctbàs, cak rmwcrks. [em rmwcrkscrma‒t chwcys gàmtcry `r mvma coda`whmklmk ny

`temrs. _`gmtbgms temy crm cs sbgphm cs dammhbal

k`wa à ca Cprbh g`rabal webhm tem hcst `f tem sa`w

gmhts cwcy cak wbtamssbal tem uafurhbal `f tem ffirst

nh``kr``t `wmrs t` `pma. _`gmtbgms tem rmwcrks

oca nm trmgmakùs cs kbso`vmrbal tect tem lbasmal

smmks tect yù phcatmk ba yùr smormt ecrkw``k scao-

tucry lmrgbactmk cak survbvmk tem ffirst smvmrch ymcrs

`f hbfm ba tembr amw e`gm wbteùt nmbal kmvùrmk ny

kmmr cak r`kmats ̀ r st`hma ny p`coemrs. [e`sm lbasmal

phcats wbhh e`pmfuhhy ba tbgm pr`kuom c or`p ̀ f vbcnhm

smmk f`r yù t` phcat t` rmphcom tem gcturm r``ts yù

wbhh ecrvmst cak gcrdmt wema temy rmcoe gcturbty.

[em oechhmalms wbte lr`wbal cak gcrdmtbal

gmkbobach emrns o`ggmrobchhy, ̀ a tem ̀ temr ecak, oca

nm augmrùs, mvma k`warblet gckkmabal ct tbgms,

cak kmgcak tect wm utbhbzm baa`vctbvm gmte`ks t`

wùhk pr`kuom f``k t` stòd emr pcatry `r fmmk emr

cabgchs wbte.

[em vcst gcj`rbty `f spmobms wm lr`w à ùr emrn

fcrg crm pmrmaabch emrncomùs `wmrbal phcats, smv-

mrch ̀ f weboe crm ba fcot ̀ ftma gcrdmtmk cak lr`wa cs

`racgmatch phcats. _`gm `f tem spmobms `f phcats wm

lr`w oùhk mvma nm teùlet `f cs ‘or`ss`vmr‗ phcats,

gmcabal temy oùhk nm oàsbkmrmk n`te f``k cak

gmkbobam. Ebppòrctms wcs kmffiabtmhy à t` s`gmtebal

wema em fcgùshy scbk, ‘Hmt f``k nm tey gmkbobam

cak gmkbobam nm tey f``k.‗ Lcrhbo bs pr`ncnhy tem

g`st `nvbùs or`ss`vmr phcat, nut temrm crm `temrs,

baohukbal nurkòd r``t, kcakmhbà lrmmas, stbalbal

amtthms, cak gcay, gcay g`rm, baohukbal g`st `f tem

o`ggà ouhbacry emrns, weboe smrvm kuch purp`sms.

\ebhm temrm crm s`gm sbgbhcrbtbms nmtwmma vmlmtc-nhm fcrgs cak gmkbobach emrn fcrgs, tem kbffmrmaoms

crm augmrùs. \emrmcs vmlmtcnhm fcrgs crm prbgcrbhy

lr`wbal caauch or`ps ecrvmstmk frmse cak nrùlet

t` gcrdmt rcpbkhy nmf`rm temy sp`bh, gmkbobach emrn

fcrgs crm lr`wbal g`sthy pmrmaabch or`ps, s`gm `f

weboe ammk termm `r g`rm ymcrs `f lr`wte nmf`rm

temy crm ecrvmstmk. \ebhm s`gm emrns crm gcrdmtmk

frmse, tem gcj`rbty `f tem emrns pr`kuomk f`r tem

nuhd gmkbobach emrn gcrdmt crm kmeykrctmk cak pr`-

omssmk nmf`rm schm. [emrm crm gcay g`rm kbffmrmaoms

nmtwmma gmkbobach emrn fcrgs cak `temr g`rm o`g-gà clrbouhturch matmrprbsms, weboe wm wbhh kbsouss

ba hctmr oecptmrs.

\ebhm sgchh o`gpcrmk t` gcay fcrgs, s`gmtbgms

ùr fcrg fmmhs ma`rgùs t` Gmhcabm cak gm cak ùr

gcba ormw `f ffivm mgph`ymms cs wm try t` gcaclm

bts guhtbphm o`gpàmats, `ftmatbgms sbguhtcamùshy.

Z\EF bs c l``k mxcgphm `f c kbvmrsm, sgchh t`

gbksochm omrtbffimk-`rlcabo gmkbobach emrn fcrg. \m

ourrmathy ̀ wa tma corms ̀ f hcak, cak omatrchhy hòctmk

wbteba tebs tma-corm trcot `f or`phcak cak w``khcak

crm ùr e`gm, brrblctbà pàk, cak vcrbùs fcrg

nubhkbals (weboe wm wbhh kbsouss ba oecptmr ;). Ba

ckkbtbà t` tem tma corms `f hcak tect wm `wa, wm

chs` hmcsm fr`g tw` amblen`rs ca ckkbtbàch twmaty

corms. @ut `f temsm tebrty corms tect wm mbtemr `wa

`r hmcsm, ùr t`tch or`p pr`kuotbà ecs vcrbmk ba sbzm

fr`g àm corm `f or`ps ba 3222 (tem ymcr wm stcrtmk


8/16


tem phcats cak trmms tect crm tem ffirst t` òoupy tem

aboem hmft `pma cftmr tem o`ws ocgm e`gm àm hcst

tbgm. [em nrcgnhms wmrm ffirst, tembr tmacobùs te`ras

mstcnhbsebal c acturch ncrnmk-wbrm fmaom t` pr`tmot

tem amw rmsbkmats `f tebs pbmom `f mcrte. Lr`wbal

ba cak cgàl tem w``ky nrcgnhms crm c k`zma `r

g`rm spmobms `f emrncomùs phcats, fualb, lrcssms,

fmras, cak hmlugms. [em trmms crm stcrtbal t` stcak up

prùk ba tem gmck`w. A`w wm smm wect ca cgczbal

j`n tem nbrks, kmmr, cak `temr wbalmk cak fùr-hmllmk

ormcturms ecvm kàm ba ‘smmkbal‗ tebs gmck`w. \bhk

cpphm, ecwte`ra, pbam, pba oemrry, qucdbal cspma

trmms, cak `temr amwo`gmrs crm mstcnhbsebal tem

fùakctbà f`r wect wbhh mvmatuchhy nmo`gm ffirst

ca crn`rmch s`ftw``k f`rmst. \ema temsm se`rt-

hbvmk s`ftw``ks kbm `ff cak tembr kmocybal n`kbms

masurm ffiacaobch cs wmhh cs spbrbtuch lcbas webhm w`rd-

bal ba pcrtamrsebp wbte tem acturm tect surrùaks us.

Kbvmrsbty: [em Nmamffits `fY`hyouhturm cak Ymrmaabch Or`ps

Kmspbtm augmrùs oechhmalms, temrm crm gcay wcys

lr`wmrs oca ffiak suoomss w`rdbal wbte emchbal phcats.

\ema wm h``d ct tem wcy temsm phcats lr`w acturchhy,

uacssbstmk ny eugcas, wm smm baormkbnhm kbvmrsbty ba

tem hcaksocpm. Ba tem eble gmck`w à tem ebhh cn`vm

ùr fcrg, f`r mxcgphm, tem hcak ecs nmma fchh`w f`r

ymcrs. [em kcbry fcrg tect prmvbùshy òoupbmk tem

hcak bs nut c sdmhmtch rmgacat `f bts f`rgmr smhf, tem

fcrgmr ecvbal s`hk tem hcak f`r c kmvmh`pgmat tect

ecs f`rtuactmhy fcbhmk t` gctmrbchbzm. [em ̀ hk pcsturm

bs nmbal rmohcbgmk ny tem s`-ochhmk ‘pbàmmr spmobms,‗

Fblurm 3-5. G`temrw`rt ba fuhh `wmr cak terbvbal. Ye`t`lrcpe oùrtmsy `f Nmtecay Nàk


9/16

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0 2

kcbry fcrgmr, wbte chh l``k batmatbàs f`r gcdbal c

hbvbal à tebs ebhhsbkm, rmg`vmk ca baormkbnhy kbvmrsm

w``khcak, rboe wbte fualchhy k`gbacat s`bhs, cak

rmphcomk bt wbte àm sbalhm spmobms: o`ra. [ebs gà`-

or`p `f o`ra pr`ncnhy ybmhkmk c nùatbfuh ecrvmst ba

tem babtbch ymcrs, nut mvmatuchhy, a` gcttmr e`w guoe

gcaurm em sprmck à tem hcak, em a`tbomk ebs ybmhks

kmohbabal fr`g wmmk, kbsmcsm, cak basmot prmssurm.

[ema em turamk t` oemgbochs t` cssbst ebg. [em

oemgbochs w`rdmk wmhh ct ffirst ny fmrtbhbzbal tem s`bh,

dbhhbal basmots cak wmmks, cak rmkuobal kbsmcsms. Nut

mvmatuchhy, temy t`` fcbhmk t` rmtura tem hcak t` bts

eble-ybmhkbal lh`ry kcys.

[em fcrgmr tema rmchbzmk tect tem hcak wcs tbrmk

cak ammkmk c r`tctbà, s` em phcatmk rmk oh`vmr cak

tbg`tey lrcss t` lrczm tem o`ws ̀ a cak out f`r sbhclm.

Fblurm 3-2. Kbvmrsm w``khcak nmks ̀ f l`hkmasmch, wbhk lbalmr, nh``kr``t, cak gcycpphm. Ye`t`lrcpe oùrtmsy `f Nmtecay Nàk

oàtrbnutm t` tem eugus hcymr, tem ecrkw``ks, suoe

cs sulcr gcphm, Cgmrboca nmmoe, cak ymhh`w nbroe

wbhh k`gbactm cak mvmatuchhy lr`w t` c gclabffiomat

ohbgcx f`rmst. ]akmramcte chh `f tebs, wm smm tem teba

hcymr `f eugus just stcrtbal t` f`rg. Amxt, wm o`gm

bat` tem t`ps`bh, weboe bs just stcrtbal t` rmlcba tem

kmhboctm nb`h`lboch nchcaom bt eck nmf`rm bt wcs kbs-

turnmk. Bt bs phcybal e`st t` c terbvbal o`gguabty `f

fualb, ncotmrbc, pr`t`z`c, cak bavmrtmnrctms. [em s`bh

bs teba up emrm à tebs ecrksorcnnhm Vmrgàt ebhhsbkm,

nut bt wcs guoe tebodmr nmf`rm eugcas ffirst nr`dm

lrùak cak wbhh, wm e`pm, rmtura clcba s`gmkcy t`

bts f`rgmr lh`ry, nut àhy bf tem eùsbal kmvmh`pgmat

k`msa‒t gctmrbchbzm.

[em s`bh bs rmhctbvmhy teba ba tebs ffimhk, a`t àhy

nmocusm `f tem ecrse hòctbà nut chs` nmocusm tem


10/16


H`wmr Ymst cak Kbsmcsm _usomptbnbhbty

Bf yù csd g`st fcrgmrs t` acgm tem nbllmst oech-

hmalms ba lr`wbal tembr or`ps pr`ffitcnhy, temy crm

chg`st omrtcba t` hbst pmst cak kbsmcsm bssums. [emrm

crm rmcsàs temsm oechhmalms crm s` o`ggà à

fcrgs cak ba lcrkmas. Bastmck `f eurhbal wrctefuh

oursms cak oemgbochs ct temsm ouhprbts, pmrecps wm

seùhk stmp ncod cak tcdm c h``d ba tem pr`vmrnbch

gbrr`r. Vbrtuchhy chh spmobms `f f``k, ffinmr, cak fumh

phcats tect crm lr`wa cak usmk t`kcy ocgm t` us

fr`g phcat nrmmkbal. [emsm phcats ecvm nmma or`ss-

nrmk ny eugcas f`r teùscaks `f ymcrs t` pr`kuom

amw vcrbmtbms wbte kmsbrcnhm trcbts cak oecrcotmrbs-

tbos. F`r mxcgphm, c cv`rfuh cak kbsmcsm-rmsbstcat

nut rmhctbvmhy h`w-ybmhkbal t`gct` bs or`ssmk wbte

c nhcak-tcstbal, eble-ybmhkbal t`gct`, wbte tem makl`ch nmbal t` bgpr`vm upà tem cv`r, ybmhk, cak

kbsmcsm rmsbstcaom `f c sbalhm vcrbmty. @temr spmobms

`f phcats crm lmamtbochhy g`kbffimk ny ckkbal spmobffio

lmams bat` c phcat ba ca cttmgpt t` ‘bgpr`vm‗ bt.

Yhcat nrmmkbal ecs omrtcbahy emhk ca bgp`rtcat

r`hm ba bgpr`vbal phcats t` oh`tem, fumh, fmmk, cak

semhtmr us, nut bt ecs o`gm ct c o`st. \emtemr bt

nm terùle ohcssboch nrmmkbal `r lmamtbo g`kbffi-

octbà, gcay `f tem vcrbmtbms `f phcats tect ecvm

mgmrlmk fr`g tebs tmoea`h`ly ecvm suffmrmk fr`g

wmcdamssms suoe cs pmst- cak kbsmcsm-kcgclm sus-omptbnbhbty cak p`ssbnhy mvma kmohbabal autrbtbàch

vchum. C stuky punhbsemk ba tem Jùrach `f tem

Cgmrboca O`hhmlm `f Autrbtbà ba >99;, matbthmk

‘Oecalms ba ]_KC F``k O`gp`sbtbà Kctc f`r

;? Lcrkma Or`ps, 32=9 t` 3222,‗ o`gpcrmk autrb-

tbàch cachysms `f vmlmtcnhms kàm ba 32=9 cak ba

3222, cak fùak sunstcatbch kmormcsms ba sbx `f

tebrtmma autrbmats gmcsurmk, baohukbal 6 pmromat `f

pr`tmba cak ?5 pmromat `f rbn`cvba. ^mkuotbàs ba

ochobug, pe`spe`rus, brà, cak cso`rnbo cobk wmrm

chs` fùak. [em stuky, oàkuotmk ct tem Nbòemg-

boch Bastbtutm `f tem ]abvmrsbty `f [mxcs ct Custba,

oàohukmk ba suggcry: ‘\m sullmst tect cay rmch

kmohbams crm lmamrchhy g`st mcsbhy mxphcbamk ny

oecalms ba ouhtbvctmk vcrbmtbms nmtwmma 32=9 cak

3222, ba weboe temrm gcy nm trckm-`ffs nmtwmma

ybmhk cak autrbmat oàtmat.‗=

Em gcy `r gcy a`t ecvm da`wa tect rmk oh`vmr bs c

hmlugm tect tcdms abtr`lma ùt `f tem cbr cak emhps

tura bt bat` frmm fmrtbhbzmr vbc c sygnb`tbo rmhctbàsebp

ba bts r``ts nmtwmma ncotmrbc, abtr`lma, cak `xylma.

Em pr`ncnhy kbk a`tbom, e`wmvmr, cftmr c ymcr `r tw`

`f lr`wbal chàl wbte smcsàch gcaurm cpphboctbà,

tect tem gbxmk f`rclm or`p em phcatmk t` rmphcom tem

o`ra wcs emchtey, pr`kuotbvm, cak frmm ̀ f pmst cak kbs-

mcsm pr`nhmgs. [ebs wcs c stcrt ba tem rblet kbrmotbà.

Kbvmrsbty bs àm `f tem g`st bgp`rtcat fcot`rs ba

c emchtey mo`systmg. Ct Z\EF wm lr`w g`rm teca

ffifty kbffmrmat spmobms `f gmkbobach emrns. Chteùle

wm phcat g`st `f temsm spmobms smpcrctmhy t` mcsm ba

ouhtbvctbà cak ecrvmst, temrm bs stbhh ca baormkbnhm

cgùat `f kbvmrsbty wbteba sgchh trcots `f hcak. \m

phcat nmks wbte guhtbphm r`ws `f phcats, cak wbtebatemsm nmks, wema p`ssbnhm, wm phcat smvmrch kbffmrmat

spmobms sbkm ny sbkm t` cttmgpt t` gcbatcba tem mo`-

h`lboch nchcaom cak kbvmrsbty tect wm fùak emrm à

tebs hcak nmf`rm wm fcrgmk bt.

\m chs` mgph`y pmrgcouhturm gmte`ks wemamvmr

p`ssbnhm ny lr`wbal prbgcrbhy pmrmaabch or`ps. C

vcst gcj`rbty `f tem gmkbobach emrn spmobms o`g-

gàhy lr`wa cak usmk t`kcy crm pmrmaabchs. [ebs

lbvms emrn fcrgmrs c lrmct nmamffit ba o`gpcrbsà t`

gcay ̀ temr o`ggmrobch or`ps suoe cs vmlmtcnhms cak

lrcbas tect ammk t` nm rmphcatmk mcoe ymcr. Emrm àùr fcrg wm lmamrchhy lmt termm t` ffivm smcsàs `r

g`rm `f lr`wte cak ecrvmst fr`g temsm pmrmaabch

or`ps nmf`rm tem phcats‒ vbl`r wcams, tem wmmk prms-

surm nubhks, cak tem phcats ‘se`w us‗ tect temy crm

lmttbal tbrmk. Cftmr wm tbhh tem `hk nmks ba, wm `ftma

rmphcom temg wbte ‘lrmma gcaurms‗ `r o`vmr or`ps

oàsbstbal ̀ f c abtr`lma-ffixbal hmlugm o`gnbamk wbte

c nb`gcss-pr`kuobal caauch. \m chs` cpphy o`gp`st

cak gbamrch p`wkmrs ct phcatbal tbgm cak cs ammkmk

t` fmmk ùr s`bh. [ebs smgbpmrgcamat systmg rmkuoms

hcn`r cak gctmrbchs o`sts krcgctbochhy cak chh`ws

tem s`bh t` gcbatcba c emchtey, stctbo nchcaom rctemr

teca nmbal tbhhmk mvmry ymcr. [ebs bs p`hyouhturm, a`t

gàòuhturm. \m crm sbgphy cttmgptbal t` bgbtctm

acturm à c sgchhmr sochm, cak ba s` k`bal, wm crm

gcbatcbabal tem nchcaom `f c emchtey cak kbvmrsm

mo`systmg webhm sbguhtcamùshy gcxbgbzbal pr`ffits.


11/16

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0 33

tem fcrgmr‒s emchte, cs wmhh cs tem emchte `f nmamffiobch

p`hhbactbal cak prmkct`ry basmots cak tem surrùak-

bal mavbràgmat. [em rmcsàs f`r h`wmr basmot cakkbsmcsm prmssurm à p`hyouhturch emrn fcrgs crm rmhc-

tbvmhy sbgphm: kbvmrsbffioctbà, teùletfuh phcatbal `f

basmotcrbms, cak lr`wbal `f ‘wbhk‗ phcat spmobms. [ebs

chh ckks up t` c emchtebmr, g`rm pr`ffitcnhm matmrprbsm.

Bt chh`ws us t` fòus ̀ a lr`wbal emchtey phcats webhm

gcbatcbabal kbvmrsbty ba ùr hcaksocpm. Bt bs c wba-

wba sbtuctbà f`r tem eugcas, tem phcats, cak tem

basmots cak `temr ormcturms tect kwmhh à tebs hcak

cak bts cbr cak wctmr.

Kmeykrctbà ^mkuoms YmrbsecnbhbtyYmrbsecnbhbty bs ca`temr oechhmalm tect gcay ‘oàvma-

tbàch‗ fcrgmrs fcom. \emtemr bt nm gbhd, vmlmtcnhms,

`wmrs, frubt, gmct, `r mvma s`gm lrcbas, bt `ftma

o`gms k`wa t` c rcom clcbast tbgm t` lmt tem f``k

bat` oust`gmrs‒ dbtoemas nmf`rm tem ncotmrbc cak

fualb o`gm ba cak sp`bh tem pcrty.

Eble pmst cak kbsmcsm susomptbnbhbty crm `ftma tem

ncam `f tem o`gg`kbty cak vmllbm fcrgmr nut f`r-

tuactmhy rcrmhy oechhmalm tem gmkbobach emrn fcrgmr

we` mgph`ys p`hyouhturch gmte`ks. @vmr 29 pmromat

`f tem phcats o`ggàhy usmk f`r gmkbobach purp`sms

crm ouhtbvctmk, k`gmstboctmk vmrsbàs `f wbhk phcats.

[emsm k`gmstboctmk phcats crm stbhh rmhctbvmhy bakbs-

tbalubsecnhm fr`g tembr wbhk oùatmrpcrts. E`wmvmr,

`ftmatbgms, terùle wect bs da`wa cs smhmotbà, temsm

spmobms `f phcats ecvm nmma ‘bgpr`vmk‗ upà. _mhmo-

tbà oca nm acturch ̀ r uaacturch. Ca mxomhhmat mxcgphm

`f acturch smhmotbà bs tem [bnmtca _a`w H`tus. ‘[em

emblet `f tebs phcat ct `wmrbal ecs amcrhy echvmk

`vmr tem pcst omatury cs c rmsuht `f tem `wmrs nmbal

pbodmk f`r usm ba trckbtbàch [bnmtca gmkbobam.‗6 [ebs

oecalm, chteùle ocsmk ny eugcas, wcs a`t purp`sm-fuh cak bs temrmf`rm rmfmrrmk t` cs acturch smhmotbà. C

l``k mxcgphm `f uaacturch smhmotbà (chs` da`wa cs

smhmotbvm nrmmkbal) bs fùak ba tem p`puhcr gmkbobach

emrn Lmrgca oecg`gbhm. _mmk lr`wmrs mstcnhbsemk

amw vcrbmtbms ̀ f tebs emrn, ocrmfuhhy smhmotmk t` pr`kuom

smmks tect lr`w phcats ct c uabf`rg emblet t` chh`w

f`r mcsm ba gmoecabzmk ecrvmstbal. Chteùle temsm amw

vcrbmtbms ̀ f oecg`gbhm crm oàsbkmrmk ca bgpr`vmgmat

nmocusm `f tem stcakcrkbzmk lr`wte, temy crm stbhh vbr-

tuchhy tem scgm spmobms cs tem ̀ rblbach wbhk oecg`gbhm.

F`rtuactmhy f`r gmkbobach emrn lr`wmrs, chg`st chh`f tem phcats wm ouhtbvctm ecvm nmma chtmrmk hbtthm, bf ct

chh, fr`g tembr wbhk caomst`rs, cak cs c rmsuht tem baob-

kmaom ̀ f pmsts cak kbsmcsm pr`nhmgs bs rmhctbvmhy h`w.

[emsm phcats ecvm mv`hvmk `vmr tmas `f teùscaks `f

ymcrs t` nm acturchhy rmsbstcat t` temsm termcts. Ba

fcot, gcay `f tem gmkbobachs wm lr`w, suoe cs ycr-

r`w (Coebhhmc gbhhmf`hbug), vchmrbca (Vchmrbcac

`fffiobachbs), cak calmhboc (Calmhboc `fffiobachbs) crm

da`wa cs ‘basmotcrbms,‗ phcats tect cttrcot nmamffiobch

prmkct`ry basmots tect pcrcsbtbzm cak prmy à gchmv-

`hmat basmots. [eus, temy crm baormkbnhy mffmotbvm ct

gcbatcbabal tem nchcaom ̀ f nmamffiobch cak p`tmatbchhy

ecrgfuh basmots ba tem hcaksocpm, fcrg, cak lcrkma.

\m smm vmry hbtthm kbsmcsm `r bajurbùs basmot prms-

surm à ùr fcrg4 temrmf`rm, wm kà‒t ammk t` rmhy

à pmstbobkms `r fualbobkms. [emsm trmctgmats oca nm

o`sthy, a`t ̀ ahy t` tem fcrgmr‒s n`tt`g hbam nut chs` t`

Fblurm 3-39. Oh`sm-up `f calmhboc nh`ss`gs. [ebs bs ca

mxomhhmat basmotcry.


12/16

3> [em @rlcabo Gmkbobach Emrn Fcrgmr

Ca`temr nmamffit t` kmeykrctbà bs tem cgùat `f

wctmr wmblet tect bs rmg`vmk fr`g tem pr`kuot, scv-

bal à peysboch hcn`r, sebppbal o`sts, cak s`rm ncods.

[em _cvvy Oàsugmr

[em typboch emrnch pr`kuot oàsugmr bs rmhctbvmhy

wmhh-mkuoctmk cak da`whmklmcnhm cnùt usms f`r

spmobffio emrns cak bs g`st hbdmhy g`rm oàomramk

cnùt eble quchbty teca cnùt cff`rkcnbhbty wema bt

o`gms t` puroecsbal nuhd emrns `r emrnch pr`kuots.

Ba lmamrch, temsm mkuoctmk oàsugmrs wcat tembr

pr`kuots t` nm frmm fr`g ecrgfuh oemgbochs, omrtbffimk

`rlcabo wema cvcbhcnhm, cak sùromk cs hòchhy cs

p`ssbnhm. [emy wcat t` ecvm c rmhctbàsebp wbte tem

o`gpcay `r fcrg temy crm supp`rtbal. Emrnch pr`k-

uot rmtcbhmrs crm `ftma vmry da`whmklmcnhm cnùttem pr`kuots temy smhh cak phcy ca bgp`rtcat r`hm

ba lubkbal oàsugmr oe`boms. ‘[em acturch oecaamh

ecs chwcys nmma g`rm mkuoctbàch cak gbssbàcry

ba bts schms cppr`coe,‗ coo`rkbal t` Gcrd Nhugma-

tech, fùakmr cak mxmoutbvm kbrmot`r ̀ f tem Cgmrboca

N`tcaboch Oùaobh (CNO). ‘C h`t `f rmtcbhmrs ecvm

tchdmk cnùt tebs, tect temy crm cotbal hbdm autrb-

tbàbsts f`r tembr oust`gmrs.‗


13/16

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0 3?

]ptà, prmsbkmat, Cgmrboca Emrnch Yecrgco`p`mbc

(CEY), _o`tts Vchhmy, Ochbf`rabc. ‘Ba `temr w`rks,

balrmkbmats tect usmk t` rmckbhy pcss gcaufcoturmr

spmobffioctbàs crm a`w fcbhbal wema pr`pmr bkmatbty

cak quchbty tmsts crm cpphbmk.‗5

\ebhm temsm amw rmluhctbàs crm caytebal nut

c pcacomc f`r tem emrnch pr`kuot gcaufcoturmr,

temy gcy nmamffit tem emrn fcrgmr ba c smoàk wcy

ny emhpbal t` rmst`rm oàsugmr oàffikmaom ba tem

emrnch gcrdmtphcom4 oàsugmrs wbhh baormcsbalhy

trust tect temy crm lmttbal wect temy pcy f`r cak

tect bt wbhh nm p`tmatbchhy nmamffiobch t` tembr emchte,

a`t ecrgfuh. [ebs oca emhp t` pcvm tem wcy f`r

suoomss ba ca bakustry wemrm f`rgbal rmhctbàsebps

cak trust wbte oust`gmrs lmamrchhy pcys kbvbkmaks

terùle nrcak h`ychty.

Yr`ffitcnbhbty cak Gcrdmts

Cs wbte g`st or`ps lr`wa f`r tem gcrdmtphcom, tem

rmhctbàsebp nmtwmma supphy cak kmgcak bs àm `f

tem prbgcry fcot`rs ba kmtmrgbabal pr`ffitcnbhbty. \m

ecvm smma wect tem oàsmqumaoms oca nm wema tem

hctmst, lrmctmst emrn ebts tem gcrdmt. Kmgcak s`crs,

cak lr`wmrs jugp à tem ncakwclà t` try t` lmt

ba à tem cotbà. Yhcatbal hcrlm cormclms coo`rkbal

t` gcrdmt eypm oca nm c rmobpm f`r kbscstmr nmocusm

`f tem eble pr`ncnbhbty `f tem gcrdmt‒s nmbal``kmk ny ̀ temr hbdm-gbakmk zmch`ts. Lr`wmrs we`

cttmgpt t` ‘rmck tem tmc hmcvms‗ cak phcat hcrlm

cormclms purmhy coo`rkbal t` spmouhctbà chs` k` s`

ct c sblabffiocat rbsd.

[em gcrdmt f`r rcw nuhd n`tcabochs bs a`w, cak

pr`ncnhy chwcys wbhh nm, v`hctbhm. \ema pm`phm csd

us e`w wm oca cff`rk t` k` nusbamss ba suoe c v`hctbhm

gcrdmtphcom, wm tmhh temg, ‘\m try t` lr`w f`r schms

bastmck `f spmouhctbà, cak wm kbvmrsbfy.‗ Ct Z\EF

wm lr`w `vmr ffifty kbffmrmat spmobms `f gmkbobachs,

bastmck `f àhy fòusbal à tem àms tect gcy smmg,

ct ffirst lhcaom, t` nm tem g`st p`puhcr. Rms, temrm bs

omrtcbahy spmouhctbà bav`hvmk ba lumssbal e`w guoe

`f wect t` lr`w, nut gcdbal ‘mkuoctmk‗ lumssms ecs

nmma tem dmy t` ùr suoomss. Chg`st mvmry smmk wm

phcat ba tem sprbal `f c lbvma ymcr bs phcatmk coo`rk-

bal t` wect wm crm chrmcky ba oàtrcot t` pr`vbkm à

F`r ymcrs wm ecvm trustmk tem emrnch pr`kuots

bakustry t` pr`vbkm us wbte scfm emrnch pr`kuots. \m

amvmr rmchhy eck guoe rmcsà t` kùnt tect wect

wcs stctmk à tem pr`kuot hcnmh wcs coourctm cak

tect wect wcs ba tem n`tthm wcs scfm cak mffmotbvm.

[ebs t`` oecalmk krcgctbochhy cs mxcgphms `f ckuh-

tmrctbà `f balrmkbmats usmk ba emrnch pr`kuots ecvm

o`gm t` hblet.

Ba rmspàsm t` pr`kuot ckuhtmrctbà cak gcay

`temr oàomras, ba 322; tem fmkmrch l`vmragmat bab-

tbctmk tem Kbmtcry _upphmgmat Emchte cak Mkuoctbà

Cot, ̀ r K_EMC. [ebs cot kmffiams kbmtcry supphmgmats

(baohukbal emrnch pr`kuots) cs f``k, a`t kruls. [ebs

scvms gcaufcoturmrs fr`g ecvbal t` wmctemr tem

FKC‒s krul cppr`vch pròmss tect oca o`st gcay

gbhhbàs `f k`hhcrs f`r c sbalhm pr`kuot cppr`vch.E`wmvmr, tebs pròmss ecs nmma oechhmalbal f`r sgchh

emrnch pr`kuot gcaufcoturmrs, we` crm fcobal tem

eble o`sts cssòbctmk wbte nmo`gbal o`gphbcat.

K_EMC gcakctms tect supphmgmat gcaufcoturmrs

f`hh`w L``k Gcaufcoturbal Yrcotboms (LGYs), cs

mstcnhbsemk ny tem FKC. Ca`temr rmqubrmgmat bs tect

pr`kuot hcnmhs nm ‘trutefuh cak a`t gbshmckbal‗ cak

stctm tem acgm cak qucatbty `f chh cotbvm balrmkbmats.

\ebhm gcay o`gpcabms wmrm k`bal tebs hàl

nmf`rm K_EMC cak LGYs, a`t chh wmrm, cak tect wcs

`ftma pr`nhmgctbo. _`gm ba tem bakustry wmrm g`rmfòusmk ̀ a pr`ffit teca quchbty cak scfmty. Oàsugmrs

`ftma hcodmk oàffikmaom tect tem pr`kuots temy wmrm

nuybal wmrm pr`kuomk wbte eble-quchbty n`tcabochs

cak wmrm mfffiocobùs. [em K_EMC, cak spmobffiochhy

tem LGYs, rcpbkhy oecalmk tem wcy emrnch pr`kuot

gcaufcoturmrs k` nusbamss. [ebs gcy cotuchhy nmamffit

tem emrn fcrgmr ba tw` wcys. Fbrst, bt oùhk emhp t`

`pma p`ssbnhm gcrdmts tect wmrm a`t temrm nmf`rm.

O`gpcabms wbhh ammk t` h``d f`r lr`wmrs tect oca

gmmt temsm amw stcakcrks. [em amw rmluhctbàs phcom

strbot lubkmhbams à pr`kuomrs t` tmst tem purbty,

bkmatbty, cak scfmty `f balrmkbmats oàtcbamk ba tembr

pr`kuots cak t` pr`vbkm coourctm kòugmatctbà `f

temsm tmsts. ‘\bte LGYs ba fuhh f`rom smvmrch o`gpc-

abms crm rmchbzbal tect tem supphy oecba ecs seruad

krcgctbochhy kum t` balrmkbmats tect ocaa`t pcss tem

bkmatbty cak quchbty LGY rmqubrmgmats,‗ scys ^`y


14/16

3; [em @rlcabo Gmkbobach Emrn Fcrgmr

emrnch pr`kuot rmtcbhmrs. [ebs bs wemrm wm kmch ba tem

we`hmschm rmchg ny lr`wbal hcrlmr qucatbtbms ̀ f nuhd

emrns f`r hcrlmr o`gpcabms, weboe wm usuchhy smhh ct

c kbsoùatmk prbom ncsmk à v`hugm. [emrm bs chg`st

a` spmouhctbà ba lr`wbal f`r we`hmschm cooùats

nmocusm chg`st chh ̀ f temsm schms crm oàtrcotmk f`r ct

tem nmlbaabal `f c lbvma lr`wbal smcsà. [em gcss

gcrdmt gcdms up tem nuhd `f ùr lr`ss schms, cak

tem eblemr schms v`hugm emhps t` `ffsmt h`wmr pr`ffit

gcrlbas. Bt bs oruobch tect wm dmmp ùr o`sts `f pr`-

kuotbà t` c gbabgug ba tebs gcrdmt nmocusm `f tem

tebaamr gcrlbas nmtwmma pr`ffit cak h`ss.

[em aboem gcrdmt sbkm `f ùr `pmrctbà bs wemrm

tem pr`ffit gcrlbas crm lmamrchhy eblemr nut v`hugm

bs lmamrchhy h`wmr. Emrm bs wemrm wm ecvm t` gcdm

mkuoctmk lumssms cs t` e`w guoe `f weboe spmobmst` lr`w. [emsm crm prbgcrbhy gcbh-`rkmr, tmhmpeàm,

Batmramt, cak `temr kbrmot-rmtcbh schms t` bakbvbkuchs

`f krbmk cak frmse emrns cak vchum-ckkmk pr`kuots

suoe cs emrnch tmcs cak hbvm phcats. [ebs bs wemrm wm

makmcv`r t` baormcsm schms v`hugm cak t` coebmvm

eblemr pr`ffit gcrlbas. C vcst gcj`rbty `f tem aboem

gcrdmt oust`gmrs wm smhh t` hbvm wbteba c euakrmk

gbhms `f ùr fcrg. [ebs bs nmamffiobch à s` gcay

hmvmhs t` us, ùr oust`gmrs, cak tem mcrte cak bts

acturch rmsùroms.

F`rtuactmhy tem gmkbobach emrn bakustry bsourrmathy mxpmrbmaobal stràl lr`wte. Ba >939

tem n`tcaboch cak acturch balrmkbmat mxp`rt trckm

rmcoemk cppr`xbgctmhy $?? nbhhbà, coo`rkbal t`

tem Gcrdmt Amws _mrvbom (GA_) ‘Gmkbobach Yhcat

cak Mxtrcots‗ rmp`rt, punhbsemk ba tem GA_ Kmomg-

nmr >933 nuhhmtba.2 Ny >93= tem batmractbàch emrn

supphmgmat cak rmgmkbms gcrdmt bs mxpmotmk t`

rmcoe $2? nbhhbà, coo`rkbal t` c rmp`rt ny _ca J`sm,

Ochbf`rabc‟ncsmk Lh`nch Bakustry Cachysts, Bao.39

Ba >933/>93> k`hhcr schms baormcsmk cppr`xb-

gctmhy 5 pmromat f`r emrnch f`rguhcs, 2 pmromat f`r

tmcs, cak 3? pmromat f`r emrnch sbalhms cak `wmr

mssmaoms, coo`rkbal t` _YBA_soca kctc, f`r tem =>

wmmds makbal Gcroe 393>. [em tma t`p-smhhbal

pr`kuots ckkrmssmk bacggctbà, pr`stctm emchte,

bgguabty, ckrmach supp`rt, kmt`x, strmss rmhbmf, shmmp,

cak hbnbk`.33Fblurm 3-3>. Ecaace ncllbal emrns f`r gcbh ̀ rkmrs.

Ye`t`lrcpe oùrtmsy `f Dctm Ohmcrhblet.

tem we`hmschm mak `r bs ncsmk à ocrmfuh cachysbs `f

pr`jmotmk schms à tem rmtcbh mak. Mvmry ymcr wm oca

oùat à ct hmcst àm or`p fcbhurm `r kmch nrmcdmr, nut

wbte s` gcay spmobms ba tem r`tctbà wm emklm ùr

nmts clcbast tem bamvbtcnhms cak uaf`rmsmmas.

Gcss vmrsus Aboem Gcrdmt

\m hbdm t` rmfmr t` tem gmkbobachs gcrdmt ba tmrgs

`f tem gcss gcrdmt cak tem aboem gcrdmt . [em gcss

gcrdmt bs tem hcrlmr-sochm sbkm `f tem bakustry, weboe

oàsbsts prbgcrbhy `f eble-v`hugm nuhd emrn cak


15/16

\ey Lr`w Gmkbobach Emrns0 3=

mstcnhbse s`hbk gcrdmts nmf`rm o`ggbttbal t` hcrlm

phcatbals. [emy seùhk h``d t`wcrk lr`wbal emrns

wbte hàl-tmrg fcv`rcnbhbty ba tem emrnch gcrdmtphcom

webhm strbvbal t` kbvmrsbfy cak baa`vctm wbte amw

gcrdmts, amw spmobms `f batmrmst, cak vchum-ckkmk

pr`kuots. _` webhm wm sbguhtcamùshy kbsouss tem rbsds

`f gcrdmt v`hctbhbty chàl wbte tem pr`gbsm ̀ f stmcky

lr`wte ba tem emrn bakustry, hmt‒s ckkrmss s`gm bgp`rt-

cat oàsbkmrctbàs gmkbobach emrn fcrgmrs seùhk tcdm

bat` cooùat nmf`rm vmaturbal bat` tem lrmct uada`wa.

@f tem nurlmàbal emchte-gbakmk ]._. p`puhc-

tbà, >? pmromat usm n`tcabochs, coo`rkbal t` c rmomat

survmy o`ggbssbàmk ny tem Oùaobh f`r ^mspàsbnhm

Autrbtbà (OÂ), \csebaltà, K.O. [emsm stctbstbos

cak ̀ temrs se`w tect tem gmkbobach emrn gcrdmt, cs c

we`hm, bs stràl. [em ‘gust-ecvm emrn `f tem gàte‗

gcy oecalm, nut ̀ vmrchh temrm bs c s`hbk fùakctbà ̀ f

kmgcak f`r temsm pr`kuots emrm ba tem ]abtmk _tctms

à weboe t` nubhk c gmkbobach fcrgbal bakustry. \m

wùhk ckvbsm lr`wmrs amw t` tem emrnch bakustry t`


16/16

Fblurm >-3. C lh`rb`us ffimhk ̀ f Moebacomc purpurmc ct Z\EF.

the organic medicinal herb farmer: ch 1 - why grow medicinal herbs?

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