The Organization of the The Organization of the Executive BranchExecutive Branch

Chapter 9Chapter 9

Section 2Section 2

Key TermsKey Terms

• BureaucracyBureaucracy

• CabinetCabinet

• AdministrationAdministration

• Bureaucracy- is an organization Bureaucracy- is an organization of government departments, of government departments, agencies and officesagencies and offices

• Administration-official appointed Administration-official appointed by the President for the by the President for the executive branch executive branch

• 3 Main parts3 Main parts– Executive Office of the PresidentExecutive Office of the President– Executive DepartmentsExecutive Departments– Independent AgenciesIndependent Agencies

• Executive Office of the PresidentExecutive Office of the President– People the President chooses to help People the President chooses to help

make foreign and domestic policymake foreign and domestic policy

• Main job is to carry out lawsMain job is to carry out laws

• The White House StaffThe White House Staff– President’s most trusted advisorsPresident’s most trusted advisors– Help with national securityHelp with national security– The economyThe economy– Other subjects help to meet the Other subjects help to meet the

President’s goalsPresident’s goals– Chief of StaffChief of Staff– Or Report directly to the PresidentOr Report directly to the President

• The V.P. presides over the SenateThe V.P. presides over the Senate

• Some Presidents ask them to take an Some Presidents ask them to take an active roleactive role

• Historically, almost invisibleHistorically, almost invisible

• V.P. becomes President if President is V.P. becomes President if President is killed or dieskilled or dies

• Happened 8 timesHappened 8 times

• V.P. temporarily in control if President is ill V.P. temporarily in control if President is ill

• Special Advisor GroupsSpecial Advisor Groups

• Two important groupsTwo important groups– Office of Management and Budget Office of Management and Budget

(OMB)(OMB)– National Security Council (NCS)National Security Council (NCS)– OMB decides the cost of the president’s OMB decides the cost of the president’s

policiespolicies– OMB sends the budget to CongressOMB sends the budget to Congress

• NSC- foreign policyNSC- foreign policy

• NSC includesNSC includes– Military officersMilitary officers– Advisors from government agencies and Advisors from government agencies and

departmentsdepartments– Concerned with foreign affairs and Concerned with foreign affairs and

national defensenational defense

• Executive DepartmentsExecutive Departments– 15 of them15 of them

• Most of the work running the Most of the work running the governmentgovernment

• Each department fills a presidential Each department fills a presidential dutyduty

• Department of State- relations with Department of State- relations with other countriesother countries

• Department of Homeland SecurityDepartment of Homeland Security– Created by George BushCreated by George Bush– Response to 9/11Response to 9/11– Safeguard the countrySafeguard the country

•Coast guardCoast guard

• INSINS

•FEMAFEMA

• The Cabinet appoints head of The Cabinet appoints head of executive departmentsexecutive departments

• Senate must approve each Senate must approve each appointmentappointment

• Head of Department of JusticeHead of Department of Justice– Attorney GeneralAttorney General

• Cabinet- an important group of Cabinet- an important group of policy advisors to the president policy advisors to the president

• Executive agenciesExecutive agencies– Under the direct control of the PresidentUnder the direct control of the President– Can choose and remove directorsCan choose and remove directors– Most important agenciesMost important agencies

•NASANASA

•EPAEPA

• The Independent AgenciesThe Independent Agencies– Rules about the environmentRules about the environment– Providing farm loansProviding farm loans– 40 Independent agencies40 Independent agencies

• Regulatory CommissionsRegulatory Commissions• 12 of them12 of them• Carry out rules for business and Carry out rules for business and

economic activityeconomic activity– FCC (radio, tv)FCC (radio, tv)– CPSP (Consumer product safety CPSP (Consumer product safety

commission)commission)– Settle disputes between business they Settle disputes between business they

regulateregulate

• Regulatory CommissionsRegulatory Commissions– Meant to be fairMeant to be fair– Free from political influenceFree from political influence

• President chooses members of the President chooses members of the boardboard

• Each serves a long term so no single Each serves a long term so no single president can choose them allpresident can choose them all

• Government CorporationGovernment Corporation– Try to make a profitTry to make a profit– Provide public serviceProvide public service– Too risky or expensive for private Too risky or expensive for private

enterpriseenterprise– United States Post OfficeUnited States Post Office

• Civil Service CommissionCivil Service Commission– Executive Branch includes a wide variety of Executive Branch includes a wide variety of

employeesemployees– President chooses less than one percentPresident chooses less than one percent

• 1833 Congress set up the Civil Service 1833 Congress set up the Civil Service CommissionCommission– Hired based on meritHired based on merit– Take test for highest scoreTake test for highest score– Provides trained workers for the administrationProvides trained workers for the administration