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The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163

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Page 1: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

The Origin of the Universe

NGC 2207, NGC 2163

Page 2: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology

Babylonian Sky Dome

Greek/Roman god Atlas

Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Page 3: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Ptolomy’s Geocentric Universe

Page 4: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Kepler’s elliptical orbit

Page 5: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)

Page 6: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Galileo, the Church and the ScripturesPsalm 93:1,2

The LORD reigns, he is robed in majesty; the LORD is robed in majesty and is armed

with strength. The world is firmly established;it cannot be

moved.Your throne was established long ago;

you are from all eternity. 

Page 7: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Galileo, the Church and the ScripturesPsalm 97:1-4

The LORD reigns, let the earth be glad;let the distant shores rejoice.

Clouds and thick darkness surround him; righteousness and justice are the

foundation of his throne. Fire goes before him and consumes his foes

on every side. His lightning lights up the world;

the earth sees and trembles.  

Page 8: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Albert Einstein

Page 9: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Relativity & Curved Space

Page 10: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

The Expanding Universe

The velocity of expansion is expressed in the equation:

v = Hr in which v is velocity, r is distance between two points,

and H, called Hubble's constant, is a proportionality value that relates velocity and distance.

Page 11: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

The Doppler Effect

Stationary Source

Moving Source

Page 12: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

The Redshift Problems

Page 13: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Various Cosmological Models

Page 14: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

space

time (infinity)

Lemaitre/Eddington Hesitation Model Origin in unobservable time

00

Page 15: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

space

Hoyle’s Steady State Model Hydrogen gushers in unobservable space

time (infinity)0

0

Page 16: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Another Thought Experiment

Page 17: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Stephen Hawkingand “imaginary

time”

“What place, then, for a creator?”

Page 18: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Bumps in the Big Bang

Page 19: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

space

Oscillating Big Bang Model 99% of required matter unobservable

time (infinity)0

0

Page 20: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

space

Inflationary Big Bang Model Unobserved in time

time (infinity)10 sec-430

0

Page 21: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

“It’s like looking at

god.”

George Smoot and the

“background radiation”

Page 22: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Background RadiationThe “Face of God?”

 http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/guidry/violence/bang2.html

Page 23: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Background Radiation and Compton Scattering

Page 24: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Scientific “Proof?”

Page 25: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Background RadiationThe Smooth Cosmic

Background RadiationFluctuations of less than 1/100,000 of the average

background radiation.

 The Clumpy UniverseStructured patterns that stretch across 1/4 of the

universe 

http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/guidry/violence/bang2.html

Page 26: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Cosmological Models Come & Go

Page 27: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Evidence for a Young Earth

Process Max Age(years)

Evolution Age (years)

1. Galaxies wind up too fast several million 10 Billion

2. Comets Disintegrate too quickly 100,000 10 Billion

3. Earth's continents erode too fast 15 million 5 Billion

4. Not enough sediment on the sea floors 15 million 200 million

5. Ocean accumulates sodium too fast 60 million 3 Billion

6. Earth's magnetic field energy decays too fast. 10,000 5 Billion

7. Multilayer fossils straddle too many strata several millions

8. Many strata are too tightly bent several thousand 100 million

9. Out of sequence fossils scramble timetable ? 100s of millions

10. Not enough helium in earth's atmosphere 2 million 5 billion

11. Fossil radioactivity shortens "geologic ages“ to several years

instantaneous 5 billion

Page 28: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Creation’s Tiny MysteryRadio Halo Evidence

IC418

Page 29: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Starlight and Time

Page 30: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.

Genesis 1:1

Page 31: The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163. A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Significant SourcesAnswers in Genesis

Institute for Creation ResearchChristian Answers Network

See online lecture notes for other sources