the owasp foundation owasp chennai 2007 phishing
TRANSCRIPT
The OWASP Foundation
OWASPChennai 2007
http://www.owasp.org
PhishingPhishing
2 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
DefinitionDefinition
It is the act of tricking someone into giving confidential information (like passwords and credit card information) on a fake web page or email form pretending to come from a legitimate company (like their bank).
For example: Sending an e-mail to a user falsely claiming to be
an established legitimate enterprise in an attempt to scam the user into surrendering private information that will be used for identity theft.
3 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
ExamplesExamples
4 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
ExamplesExamples
5 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
ExamplesExamples
6 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Types of PhishingTypes of Phishing
Deceptive - Sending a deceptive email, in bulk, with a “call to action” that demands the recipient click on a link.
7 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Types of PhishingTypes of Phishing
Malware-Based - Running malicious software on the user’s machine. Various forms of malware-based phishing are:
Key Loggers & Screen Loggers Session Hijackers Web Trojans Data Theft
8 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Types of PhishingTypes of Phishing
DNS-Based - Phishing that interferes with the integrity of the lookup process for a domain name. Forms of DNS-based phishing are: Hosts file poisoning Polluting user’s DNS cache Proxy server compromise
9 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Types of PhishingTypes of Phishing
Content-Injection – Inserting malicious content into legitimate site.
Three primary types of content-injection phishing:
Hackers can compromise a server through a security vulnerability and replace or augment the legitimate content with malicious content.
Malicious content can be inserted into a site through a cross-site scripting vulnerability.
Malicious actions can be performed on a site through a SQL injection vulnerability.
10 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Types of PhishingTypes of Phishing
Man-in-the-Middle Phishing - Phisher positions himself between the user and the legitimate site.
11 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Types of PhishingTypes of Phishing
Search Engine Phishing - Create web pages for fake products, get the pages indexed by search engines, and wait for users to enter their confidential information as part of an order, sign-up, or balance transfer.
12 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Causes of PhishingCauses of Phishing
Misleading e-mails No check of source address Vulnerability in browsers No strong authentication at websites of banks and
financial institutions Limited use of digital signatures Non-availability of secure desktop tools Lack of user awareness Vulnerability in applications … and more
13 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Effects of PhishingEffects of Phishing
Internet fraud Identity theft Financial loss to the original institutions Difficulties in Law Enforcement Investigations Erosion of Public Trust in the Internet.
14 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Industries affectedIndustries affected
Major industries affected are: Financial Services ISPs Online retailers
15 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Phishing TrendsPhishing Trends
16 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Phishing TrendsPhishing Trends
17 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
Educate application users Think before you open Never click on the links in an email , message boards or mailing
lists Never submit credentials on forms embedded in emails Inspect the address bar and SSL certificate Never open suspicious emails Ensure that the web browser has the latest security patch
applied Install latest anti-virus packages Destroy any hard copy of sensitive information Verify the accounts and transactions regularly Report the scam via phone or email.
18 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
Formulate and enforce Best practices
Authorization controls and access privileges for systems, databases and applications.
Access to any information should be based on need-to-know principle
Segregation of duties. Media should be disposed only after erasing sensitive
information.
19 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
Reinforce application development / maintenance processes:
1. Web page personalization Using two pages to authenticate the users. Using Client-side persistent cookies.
20 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
2. Content Validation
Never inherently trust the submitted data Never present the submitted data back to an application
user without sanitizing the same Always sanitize data before processing or storing Check the HTTP referrer header
21 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
3. Session Handling
Make session identifiers long, complicated and difficult to guess.
Set expiry time limits for the SessionID’s and should be checked for every client request.
Application should be capable of revoking active SessionID’s and not recycle the same SessionID.
Any attempt the invalid SessionID should be redirected to the login page.
Never accept session information within a URL. Protect the session via SSL. Session data should be submitted as a POST. After authenticating, a new SessionID should be used
(HTTP & HTTPS). Never let the users choose the SessionID.
22 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
4. URL Qualification
Do not reference redirection URL in the browser’s URL Always maintain a valid approved list of redirection url’s Never allow customers to supply their own URL’s Never allow IP addresses to be user in URL information
23 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
5. Authentication Process
Ensure that a 2-phase login process is in place Personalize the content Design a strong token-based authentication
24 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
6. Transaction non-repudiation To ensure authenticity and integrity of the transaction
25 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
How to combat phishing?How to combat phishing?
7. Image Regulation Image Cycling Session-bound images
26 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Organizations Organizations
Anti-Phishing Working Group (APWG)
The APWG has over 2300+ members from over 1500 companies & agencies worldwide. Member companies include leading security companies such as Symantec, McAfee and VeriSign. Financial Industry members include the ING Group,VISA, Mastercard and the American Bankers Association.
27 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
What does all the above imply?
It is better to be safer now than feel sorry later.
28 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
ReferencesReferences
• http://www.antiphishing.org/reports/apwg_report_november_2006.pdf
• http://72.14.235.104/search?q=cache:-T6-U5dhgYAJ:www.avira.com/en/threats/what_is_phishing.html+Phishing+consequences&hl=en&gl=in&ct=clnk&cd=7
• Phishing-dhs-report.pdf• Report_on_phishing.pdf• http://www.cert-in.org.in/training/15thjuly05/phishing.pdf• http://www.antiphishing.org/consumer_recs.html
29 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Questions?
30 OWASP Chennai Chapter Kick-off
Thank You!