the path to certificationaea.net/events/incubator/pdf/2018_08/aea_thepathto...philosophy +...

The Path to Certification

Ric Peri

Aircraft Electronics Association

The New World Order:

FAA Allows Anything

Headlines:

Non-certified parts in certified airplanes!

EXCITING TIMES!!!!

…. But It Is NOT The Wild West!!

Today’s Agenda

• How did we get here?

• Where is “here”?

• And what does it mean?

It All Stated Here!

Applying Safety Continuum

Zero Risk

No

Operations

No

InnovationSociety’s

Accepted Risk

&

Desire for Low

Cost

•Part 25 Transport Category Passenger Aircraft

•Amateur Built

•Large Part 25 Business Jets

•Part 23 Commuter Aircraft

•Part 23 Business Jets

•Part 23 Light Jets, Twins

•Part 23 Single Engine

•Light Sport Aircraft

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Beechcraft_1900d_d-cbig_fairford_arp.jpg

Philosophy + Motivation

Angle of Attack Indicator


Generation 1: February 5, 2014


Generation 2:


Generation 3: NORSEE

What is NORSEE?

• NO R S E E:

– Non Required Safety Enhancing Equipment

• Non required Safety Enhancing Equipment

addresses equipment that is not required by any

Federal regulation with the intent to measurably

increase aircraft safety.

• https://www.faa.gov/aircraft/air_cert/design_approvals/norsee/


Generation 4:

Electronic Replacement for Vacuum Indicators

• Primary attitude indicator,

• Primary rate-of-turn

indicator, w / backup AI

• Directional Gyro


Generation 5: Autopilots

Parts Regulations (14 CFR)

• § 21.8 Approval of articles.

• § 21.9 Replacement and modification articles.

§21.9 Replacement and Modification

Articles

• (a) If a person knows, or should know, that a

replacement or modification article is reasonably

likely to be installed on a type-certificated

product, the person may not produce that article

unless it is—


Articles

• (a) …. the person may not produce that article

unless it is—

– (1) Produced under a type certificate;

– (2) Produced under an FAA production approval;


Articles


unless it is—

– (3) A standard part (such as a nut or bolt)

manufactured in compliance with a government or

established industry specification;

– (4) A commercial part as defined in §21.1 of this part;


Articles


unless it is—

– (5) Produced by an owner or operator for maintaining

or altering that owner or operator's product; or

– (6) Fabricated by an appropriately rated certificate

holder with a quality system, and consumed in the

repair or alteration of a product or article in

accordance with part 43 of this chapter.

§21.9 Replacement and modification

articles


unless it is—

– (7) Produced in any other manner approved by the

FAA. (new)

§21.8 Approval of articles.

• If an article is required to be approved under this

chapter, it may be approved—

– (a) Under a PMA;

– (b) Under a TSO;

– (c) In conjunction with type certification procedures for

a product; or

– (d) In any other manner approved by the FAA.

FAA Approvals

• Generation 1, and 3

– AOA & NORSEE

Approved under:

– §21.8 Approval of articles.

FAA Approvals

• Generation 2, 4 & 5

– EAA/Dynon (Commercial Part);

– Garmin G-5 (PMA);

– Autopilots (PMA)

• Approved under:

– §21.9 Replacement and modification articles.


The New Generation of Products

are designed and produced for a

specific market

•Part 25 Transport Category Passenger Aircraft

•Amateur Built

•Large Part 25 Business Jets

•Part 23 Commuter Aircraft

•Part 23 Business Jets

•Part 23 Light Jets, Twins

•Part 23 Single Engine

•Light Sport Aircraft

Most

TSO/MOPS

written for

Transport

Category

applications

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Beechcraft_1900d_d-cbig_fairford_arp.jpg

What’s the difference?

TSO (Technical Standard Order)

vs

PMA (Parts Manufacturing Authority

Technical Standard Orders (TSO)

• A TSO is a minimum performance standard for

specified materials, parts, and appliances used

on civil aircraft.

• When authorized to manufacture a material,

part, or appliances to a TSO standard, this is

referred to as TSO authorization.

• Receiving a TSO authorization is both design

and production approval.

Technical Standard Orders (TSO)

• Receiving a TSO Authorization is not an

approval to install and use the article in the

aircraft.

• It means that the article meets the specific TSO

and the applicant is authorized to manufacture it.

Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA)

• Is a combined design and production approval

for modification and replacement articles.

• It allows a manufacturer to produce and sell

these articles for installation on type certificated

products.

Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA)

• The design approval phase of PMA certifies that

a replacement or modification article complies

with the airworthiness standards of eligible

products (aircraft, engine, or propeller).

• The applicant shows this compliance through

tests and computations unless the article is

identical to the article design on a type-

certificated product.


TSO is BROAD-BASED

There is No Free Lunch!

• These new generation products all have

Limitations:

– Installation

• Aircraft

• Applications

– Maintenance

• OEM involvement

– Import/export

• No (limited) NORSEE/Commercial Part export.

Limitations -- Example

• In the attitude application, the Garmin G5

indicator can replace an existing vacuum

attitude indicator or rate – of - turn indicator.

The G5 can also replace existing vacuum driven

DGs or existing HSI’s , either standalone or in

combination with a G5 attitude display.

Limitations -- Example

• … This Approval includes a FAA Approved

Commercial Parts List, EAA Document Number

JAE-CPL-)1, Rev 1, dated March 25, 2016 or

later FAA approved revision.

Limitations – Cert Basis

Limitations – Cert Basis

Sec. 23.1311

Electronic display instrument systems

Amendment 23-49

03/11/1996

There is No Free Lunch!

• Know your products

• Know your customers

• Know the limitations

Questions?

the path to certificationaea.net/events/incubator/pdf/2018_08/aea_thepathto...philosophy +...

Documents