THE PERSPECTIVES IN FRONT OF THE PERSPECTIVES IN FRONT OF REPUBLIC OF SERBIA FOR ACHIEVING REPUBLIC OF SERBIA FOR ACHIEVING EUROPEAN ECOLOGICAL STANDARDSEUROPEAN ECOLOGICAL STANDARDS

Aleksandar Djukic Aleksandar Djukic Executive Secretary,Executive Secretary,Serbian Water Pollution Control SocietySerbian Water Pollution Control Society

Fifth National Conference„Operational Programme Environment“ And „Rural Development Programme“

- In Transition Towards The New Programing Period24, November 2015, Sofia, Bulgaria

www.sdzv.org.rs www.jcerni.co.rs

Serbian Water Pollution Control Society (SWPCS)Serbian Water Pollution Control Society (SWPCS) in briefin brief

President: President: Dr Milan DimkićDr Milan DimkićExecutive Secretary: Executive Secretary: Aleksandar DjukićAleksandar Djukić

E-mail: E-mail: office@sdzv.org.rs Web: Web: www.sdzv.org.rs

Activities:Activities: SWPCS is a non-profit independent organisation of SWPCS is a non-profit independent organisation of experts in water sector established in 1966. experts in water sector established in 1966.

Main activities:Main activities: • Annual Conference every June. Annual Conference every June. • Scientific Journal: Water Research and Management (since Scientific Journal: Water Research and Management (since

2010) 2010) www.wrmjournal.com published with the support by published with the support by the Institute Jaroslav Cerni, Belgrade (the Institute Jaroslav Cerni, Belgrade (www.jcerni.co.rs) )

• Joint activities with national and internationals partners:Joint activities with national and internationals partners:

Belgrade, 9-11 June 2016

IIMPORTANCE OF WATER IN THE WORLDMPORTANCE OF WATER IN THE WORLDECONOMIC ECONOMIC STRENGTH STRENGTH AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES

AS INDICATORS OF THE STATUS OF WATER MANAGEMENTAS INDICATORS OF THE STATUS OF WATER MANAGEMENTI. GDP >10K US$

(Q>1000 m3 per capita per year). II. 4< GDP <10K US$ per

(Q>1000 m3 per capita per year).III. GDP <4K US$ per

(Q>1000 m3 per capita per year).IV. GDP >10K US$ per capita

(Q<1000 m3 per capita per year). V. 4 < GDP < 10K US$ per capita

(Q<1000 m3 per capita per year).VI. GDP <4K US$ per capita

(Q<1000 m3 per capita per year).

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

X axis – renewable water resources (m3/cap. per year)Y axis – GDP (USD)

Authors: Milan Dimkic, Miodrag MilovanovicData: GDP (World Bank), Renewable Water Resources (FAO database)

Mediterranean CountriesSub-Saharan Semi Arid Countries

Danube Countries – EU

Danube Countries - NonEU

Moldova

UkrainaB&HSerbia

RomaniaBulgaria

Croatia

Slovenia

HungaryPoland

AustriaGermany

Italy

Czech Rep.Slovakia

POSITIONS, CRITERIA AND DIRECTIVES OF POSITIONS, CRITERIA AND DIRECTIVES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSINTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

2015 2015 UN Millennium UN Millennium Development GoalsDevelopment Goals

(MDG(MDGss))

In 2010:In 2010:

88% 88% access to access to improved water improved water

sourcessources AAchichieeved (89%)ved (89%)

> 75% access to > 75% access to improved sanitation improved sanitation

NNot achiot achieevedved(only 63%) (only 63%)

Sustainable Sustainable Development GoalsDevelopment Goals

20302030AAdopteddopted at the UN at the UN

Sustainable Sustainable Development Summit Development Summit

September 25–27, September 25–27, 2015 in New York2015 in New York..

Goal 6: Goal 6: Ensure Ensure availability and availability and

sustainable sustainable management of management of

water and sanitation water and sanitation for allfor all

(8 targets)(8 targets)

EU Directives EU Directives LegaLegallylly binding binding

Water Framework Water Framework Directive (2000) Directive (2000) – roof – roof

directivedirective

Urban Wastewater Urban Wastewater Directive (1991)Directive (1991)

Nitrate Directive (1991)Nitrate Directive (1991)

Groundwater Directive Groundwater Directive (2006)(2006)

FloodFloodss Directive (2007) Directive (2007)Etc.Etc.

800.000 km2 | 80 Mio. people | 19 countries | Most international River Basin in the World

14 countries in ICPDR + European Commission

Reflects Significant Water Management Issues

Water status in the basin

Includes Program of Measures for improvement of

water statusEnables Conclusions on investment & funding

Ex-post evaluation of measures taken

Danube River BasinManagement Plan (DRBM Plan)(1st DRBM Plan: 2009; 2nd DRBM Plan: 2015)

Pressures and Progress:Example of wastewater treatment

• Significant progress made in emission reduction: Nearly 900 UWWTPs completed by 2015 Additional 1,000 plants to come - half under construction

Share of the collection and treatment stages in the total population equivalents in the Danube countries (reference year: 2011/2012, absolute numbers on the top refer to PE)

Urban Wastewater Treatment

Reference situation 2005/2006

Urban Wastewater TreatmentReference situation

2011/2012

Urban Wastewater TreatmentBaseline scenario 2021 PROGRESS AND FORESEEN

STATUS OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN

DOC DOC and and ttotal otal nnitrogenitrogen concentrations in water samples during concentrations in water samples during JDS3JDS3:: thethe Danube Danube River and selected tributariesRiver and selected tributaries

RomaniaRomaniaBulgaria

Rom

ania

/Ser

bia

Serb

ia

Hung

ary

Slov

akia

AustriaGermany

Croa

tia/S

erbi

a

Implementing IWRM especially for Transition CountriesImplementing IWRM especially for Transition Countries

DETAILED SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF WATER MANAGEMENTDETAILED SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF WATER MANAGEMENT

WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSEGMENTSSEGMENTS

INTERNALINTERNALFRAMEWORKSFRAMEWORKS

FUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS

Development of water resources and water use

Water protectionRiver training and protection against

the adverse effects of water

Legislative Institutional and organizational Financial

Administration and planning

Science and education

Operation and Maintenance

Investment

Operations

- Production- Maintenance - Control and oversight

General services

- Regulation- Financing - Information systems

Development

- Planning- Preparation - Project implementation

ACHIEVEMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES

WATER MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVESWATER MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES

Natural conditions Socioeconomic framework Legislative framework

WATER MANAGEMENT

Establishment of a holistic and harmonized water regime Integrated water management

Capacities

MAIN WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT DRIVERS MAIN WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT DRIVERS

Main drivers:Main drivers:

•Strength of national economyStrength of national economy•Availability of renewable water Availability of renewable water resourcesresources•Future (present) climate changeFuture (present) climate change• Assimilation and spreading of Assimilation and spreading of technological skillstechnological skills•Effective governance Effective governance (internal framework and capacities)(internal framework and capacities)

ExternalExternaldrivers drivers

InternalInternaldriversdrivers

MAINMAIN WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT DRIVERSDRIVERS STRENGTH OF NATIONAL ECONOMY STRENGTH OF NATIONAL ECONOMY

MAINMAIN WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT WATER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT DRIVERSDRIVERS STRENGTH OF NATIONAL ECONOMY STRENGTH OF NATIONAL ECONOMY

Country External DebtBillion USD

External Debt/ GDP

%Country External Debt

Billion USD

External Debt/ GDP

%Greece 583.3 241 Bulgaria 69.3 131Turkey 386.8 47 Lithuania 35.4 125Poland 326 63 Serbia 34 80Hungary 202 161 Estonia 22.2 91Romania 132.1 70 Bosnia & Herz. 9.1 53Ukraine 135 76 FYR Macedonia 7.5 78Cyprus 106.5 468 Albania 6.9 53Czech Rep. 90.2 45 Moldovа 6.2 85Slovakia 68.4 75 Montenegro 2.8 66Croatia 64.3 112 Belarus 1.1 2Slovenia 61.2 135

WATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF R. OF SERBIAWATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF R. OF SERBIA

The Strategy is a national planning The Strategy is a national planning document that establishes the long-document that establishes the long-term courses of action, objectives and term courses of action, objectives and instruments for Serbia’s water sector.instruments for Serbia’s water sector.

The Strategy covers a period till 2034 The Strategy covers a period till 2034 (intermediate period till 2024).(intermediate period till 2024).

Serbia’s Water Management Strategy is Serbia’s Water Management Strategy is also a blueprint for water sector also a blueprint for water sector reforms aimed at achieving the reforms aimed at achieving the required water management standards.required water management standards.

Close link to the Danube River Basin Close link to the Danube River Basin Management Plan, as well as water Management Plan, as well as water management plans for the various management plans for the various water districts.water districts.

General contents

CURRENT STATUS OF WATER MANAGEMENT

WATER MANAGEMENT

GUIDELINES AND GOALS

PROJECTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER

MANAGEMENT

IMPLEMENTATION FUNCTIONS

PROJECTION OF WATER SECTORDEVELOPMENT IN SERBIA

Water use Water protection Protection against the adverse effects of water Regional and multi-purpose schemes Other areas relevant to water management

Depending on identified needs, operational objectives and measures have been defined for each water sector segment.The measures needed to achieve operational objectives by water sector segment were the basis for funding projections.

POTENTIAL CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTPOTENTIAL CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT

Annual temperature and precipitation variation in the near future (scenario А1B) and distant future (scenarios А1B and А2), compared to 1961-1990 (Climate Change Center)

CLIMATE CHANGE: ANNUAL TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION CLIMATE CHANGE: ANNUAL TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION TRENDS IN SERBIATRENDS IN SERBIA (1949 – 2006(1949 – 2006))

Annual temperature trend, 1949-2006

Annual precipitation trend, 1949-2006

PROJECTION OF FUNDING NEEDED DURING THE PLANNING PROJECTION OF FUNDING NEEDED DURING THE PLANNING PERIOD (IN THOUSANDS OF €) PERIOD (IN THOUSANDS OF €)

Water sector segment

Operating expensesDevelopment Total funding

needed%

ShareAnnual Total for the

period1 2 3 4 5 6 (4+5) 71 Drinking water supply

349,650 6,993,000 850,000 7,843,000 36.14

2 Regional schemes 12,350 247,000 1,150,000 1,397,000 6.443 Irrigation 11,000 220,000 874,500 1,094,500 5,04

Water use 373,000 7,460,000 2,874,500 10,334,500 47.624 Sanitation and water

protection 193,800 3,876,000 3,900,000 7,776,000 35.83

5 Stormwater evacuation1,500,000 1,500,000 6.91

Water protection 193,800 3,876,000 5,400,000 9,276,000 42.746 Flood protection 23,000 460,000 260,000 720,000 3.327 Erosion and flash flood

control 7,500 150,000 240,000 390,000 1.80

8 Drainage 34,000 680,000 300,000 980,000 4.52Protection against the adverse effects of water 64,500 1,290,000 800,000 2,090,000 9.64

TOTAL (1 through 8) 631,300 12,626,000 9,074,500 21,700,500 100.00

Funding and capacitiesFunding and capacities

Segment

Sources of funding for capital projects in the water sector (mil. €)

National and provincial

Public utilities (water tariffs)

Other sources

IPA and other funds

Local adminis-trations

Resources of project owners

Total Share (%)

Water use600 300 350 600 350 674.5 2,874.5 31.7

Water protection 1,000 300 1,400 1,150 950 600 5,400 59.5

Protection against the adverse effects of water

420 150 160 70 800 8.8

TOTAL2,020 600 1,750 1,900 1,460 1,344.5 9,074.5 100

22.26% 6.61% 19.28% 20.94% 16.09% 14.82% 100%

RATE OF WATER PRICE INCREASERATE OF WATER PRICE INCREASE

Price of water Year

RATE OF SPENDING ON THE CONSTRUCTION/ RATE OF SPENDING ON THE CONSTRUCTION/ RECONSTRUCTION OF CAPITAL PROJECTS RECONSTRUCTION OF CAPITAL PROJECTS IN THE WATER SECTORIN THE WATER SECTOR

WATER MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION WATER MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION FUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS

Prerequisites - Appropriate legal and institutional frameworkPrerequisites - Appropriate legal and institutional frameworkLegal frameworkLegal framework

Institutional frameworkInstitutional frameworkPlanning and implementation of plansPlanning and implementation of plans Strategic planningStrategic planning Planning documents:Planning documents:

Preparation and implementation of capital projectsPreparation and implementation of capital projects StagesStages: :

Preparatory/pre-implementationPreparatory/pre-implementation Implementation Implementation (conditional upon securing project funding)(conditional upon securing project funding) OperationalOperational

IMPLEMENTATION FUNCTIONSIMPLEMENTATION FUNCTIONS

Professional resources Engineering resources also include scientific, professional, educational and other

institutions

Period

Funds Needed engineering resources (annual average)mil. €/year

(average) Planning and design Construction Total

Up to year 5 240 1.200 400 1.600Years 6-10 480 1.500 1.000 2.500

After year 11 550 1.500 1.700 3.200

MAIN EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL DRIVERS SCIENCE, EDUCATION & SKILL-RAISING

•HHighly developed ighly developed countries countries

•TTransition and developing ransition and developing countries countries

1.5 – 3.5 % GDP1.5 – 3.5 % GDP

mainly mainly < 1< 1% GDP% GDP

MMAIN INTERNAL AIN INTERNAL DRIVDRIVING FORCEING FORCE WATER GOVERNANCEWATER GOVERNANCE

Water Management goals in Serbia:Water Management goals in Serbia:•To solve numerous current problemsTo solve numerous current problems•To achieve sustainable and adaptive WMTo achieve sustainable and adaptive WM•To meet the requirements of EU water directivesTo meet the requirements of EU water directives

Required spending – new investments: Required spending – new investments: Required spending (new+O&M) in 20 yearsRequired spending (new+O&M) in 20 years::

Current GDP:Current GDP:Current operating budget:Current operating budget:

Needed budget:Needed budget:

~~10 billion Euros10 billion Euros 221 billion Euros1 billion Euros30 - 35 billion Euros30 - 35 billion Euros 350 M. 350 M. EEurosuros 1000 M. 1000 M. EEurosuros

CAPITAL ADJUSTMENT OF WATER GOVERNANCE NEEDEDCAPITAL ADJUSTMENT OF WATER GOVERNANCE NEEDED

Developing and transition countries (incl. non-EU Danube countries) often have poor water resources management (economy, expertise, capacity, etc.).

The needs of these countries and the goals placed before them (Sustainable Development Goals and even more stringent regional goals), compounded by climate change impact, impose additional challenges to already fragile water governance.

To achieve water management objectives, water governance in these countries needs to be substantially strengthened.

CONCLUDING REMARKSCONCLUDING REMARKS

CONCLUDING REMARKSCONCLUDING REMARKS

Water governance strengthening comprises upgrading of a state’s ability to further develop financial, technical, and administrative capacities.

This involves:• Institutional strengthening and greater effectiveness of water governance• Effective and straightforward legislation• Dedicated Water Fund and adequate and independent financial accumulation• Dynamic and productive cooperation with all scientific and technical institutions • Suitable private public partnerships (PPP)• Suitable balance of cenralized and decentralized water governance approaches• Strengthening of scientific and professional skills and ability of developing and transition countries to improve such skills on their own

CONFERENCE ONCONFERENCE ON TRANSITION COUNTRIES AND WATER TRANSITION COUNTRIES AND WATER

AS A FACTOR OF STABILITYAS A FACTOR OF STABILITY

Belgrade, September 2016Belgrade, September 2016

THEMES: 1.1. Global Water StatusGlobal Water Status2.2. Activities needed to achieve targeted water statusActivities needed to achieve targeted water status3.3. Financial frameworkFinancial framework4.4. Upgrading of knowledgeUpgrading of knowledge5.5. Transitional CooperationTransitional Cooperation

More information will be available on More information will be available on www.jcerni.co.rs

THE PERSPECTIVES IN FRONT OF REPUBLIC OF SERBIA FOR ACHIEVING EUROPEAN ECOLOGICAL

STANDARDS

Aleksandar Djukic Aleksandar Djukic Executive Secretary,Executive Secretary,Serbian Water Pollution Control SocietySerbian Water Pollution Control Society

Fifth National Conference„Operational Programme Environment“ And „Rural Development Programme“

- In Transition Towards The New Programing Period24, November 2015, Sofia, Bulgaria

www.sdzv.org.rs www.jcerni.co.rs

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTHANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION