PhilippineInstituteforDevelopmentStudiesSuriansamgaPag-aaralPangkaunlaranngPilipinas

How Does The Philippines Fare on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):

Snippets from the 2019 Voluntary National Review (VNR) Report

Jose Ramon Albert, Ph.D. and Aubrey Tabuga, Ph.D.M a y 1 6 , 2 0 1 9

P I D S - E S C A P P u b l i c S e m i n a r

Outline1. Introduction

The SDGs and Monitoring of Global Goals

The Voluntary National Review (VNR) Process

Role of NEDA, PSA and PIDS

2. The 2019 VNR: How the Philippines Fares on Selected SDGs SDG 4: Quality Education

SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth

SDG 10: Reduce Inequality within and among Countries

3. Ways Forward

www.pids.gov.ph 2

1. Introduction

1. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) • In Sept 2015, the Philippines, together with 192

other UN member states committed to

achieving the SDGs by 2030.

The 17 SDGs (with 169 targets and

232 indicators) are consistent with the

Philippines’ medium-term plans and long-

term aspirations for socio-economic development

2017-2022 PDP

PH medium-term national development strategy

de facto SDG roadmap

◦ Matatag, Maginhawa, Panatag◦ Emphasis on regional or subnational equality and improvement of access to services in rural areas

PRESIDENT’S 0+10 POINT SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGENDA

1.1. The Voluntary National Review (VRN) Process

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Phase 1:

Planning and Institutionalization

•Mapping of key national stakeholders

•Listing of preliminary SDG Tier 1 indicators

Phase 2:

Identifying the 2030 SDG National Numerical Targets

•Planning workshop for the identification of 2030 national numerical targets (September 2018)

•National target validation workshop (November 2018)

Phase 3:

Gathering Inputs and Data for the VNR

•Regional consultation workshops in Clark, Cebu and Davao (March 2019), and in NCR (April 2019)

•Gathering of data and inputs from national key stakeholders

Phase 4:

Writing, Review, and Follow-up

•Presentation of the draft VNR to different sectoral representatives

•Finalization of the VNR

Phase 5:

Presentation and Feedback

•Presentation of the VNR in the 2019 HLPF in New York (July 2019)

1.1.1. VNR 2019 – 2nd time for PH to present

◦ 42 countries, including PH, to present VNRs on July 2019 during the High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF)

◦ Theme: Empowering people and ensuring inclusiveness and equality“

◦ Six of Seventeen Global Goals to be reviewed in depth (only 3 presented today:

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Goal 13: Climate Action

Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals

Goal 4: Quality Education

Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth

Goal 10: Reduce Inequality

1.1.2. Roles of NEDA, PSA and PIDS for VNR

NEDA coordinates implementation of SDGs and examines synergies of the SDG framework with PH medium and long term development plans

PSA is official repository of National SDG indicators

PIDS assists in drafting the 2019 Philippine VNR report

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1.2.1. National Tier 1 SDG Indicators and Targets

* 1 PROXY INDICATOR IN GOAL 4 IS A GLOBAL INDICATOR IN GOAL 17

GoalNational, Tier 1

Global Supplementary Proxy Total

Goal 1 7 0 11 18

Goal 2 2 2 1 5

Goal 3 13 6 4 23

Goal 4 6 9 1* 16

Goal 5 8 4 3 15

Goal 6 3 2 3 8

Goal 7 4 0 0 4

Goal 8 7 0 2 9

Goal 9 5 0 0 5

Goal 10 7 0 0 7

Goal 11 3 0 2 5

Goal 12 1 0 0 1

Goal 13 4 0 0 4

Goal 14 1 0 0 1

Goal 15 10 0 1 11

Goal 16 8 2 0 10

Goal 17 13 0 0 13

Total 102 25 28* 155

8

Goal With final targets

With provisional targets

For Reporting only

For review

Goal 1 15 0 0 3Goal 2 0 5 0 0Goal 3 14 1 0 8Goal 4 5 7 0 4Goal 5 6 0 0 9Goal 6 2 0 0 6Goal 7 2 0 0 2Goal 8 4 2 2 1Goal 9 0 1 4 0Goal 10 4 0 2 1Goal 11 4 1 0 0Goal 12 0 0 0 1Goal 13 4 0 0 0Goal 14 0 1 0 0Goal 15 0 1 0 10Goal 16 8 0 0 3Goal 17 4 0 2 7Total 72 19 10 55

1.2.2. Availability and Data Disaggregation

GoalWith baseline data With available level of disaggregation With gender

relevant

indicatorsAt least 1 At least 2 SEX AGE LOC MIG EIS DIS INC OTH

Goal 1 16 12 4 4 11 0 0 0 2 3 3

Goal 2 5 4 3 1 5 0 0 0 4 1 0

Goal 3 21 10 4 4 9 0 0 0 6 6 2

Goal 4 14 9 7 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 1

Goal 5 11 8 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 9

Goal 6 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 7 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 8 9 9 2 1 4 0 0 0 0 3 0

Goal 9 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 10 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 11 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 13 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 14 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 15 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 16 7 4 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goal 17 12 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 126 78 24 12 38 0 0 0 12 13 14

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NOTE: SOME STUDIES COVER MORE THAN 1 GOAL 10

1.4. PIDS conducted 132 studies related to the SDGs from 2016 to 2018.Sustainable Development Goals 2016 2017 2018

Goal 1: No Poverty 4 7 10

Goal 2: Zero Hunger 8 12 9

Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being 2 2 1

Goal 4: Quality Education 6 1 8

Goal 5: Gender Equality 2 3 2

Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation 0 0 0

Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy 0 1 3

Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth 2 6 5

Goal 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure 2 6 15

Goal 10: Reduced Inequalities 5 13 10

Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities 1 0 1

Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production 2 2 0

Goal 13: Climate Action 3 7 2

Goal 14: Life Below Water 0 1 0

Goal 15: Life on Land 1 0 3

Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions 0 5 5

Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals 2 4 3

Total 40 70 77

2. Performance and Equity Issues on Selected

Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

Basic education performance indicators have been significantly improving

13

Completion rate Cohort survival rate Dropout rate

Source: Learner Information System (LIS), Department of Education (DepEd)

92.4

84.3

100.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2030

Primary Secondary

93.7

85.6

100.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2030

Primary Secondary

1.6

5.2

0.00.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2030

Primary Secondary

Teacher-Student Ratio

1 32teacherper

students at

PRIMARY LEVEL

1 27teacherper

students at

SECONDARY LEVEL

4 5out of

schools with

COMPUTERs

1 4in

schools with

INTERNET ACCESS

More

GIRLSthan boys in school,

especially at

COLLEGE LEVEL

(As of 2016 )

(As of 2017 )

Access to technical-vocational and tertiary education increased

Both TVET and higher education are more accessible:

Various TESDA training activities in nearly 4 thousand TVET institutions nationwide

Total of 2,353 HEIs and satellite campuses

15

1,152 1,060

7273

1,046 1,166

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

2016 2017

Tho

usa

nd

s

Institution-based Enterprise-based Community-based1

,20

0

1,2

78

1,4

24

1,5

39

1,6

84

1,8

85

1,6

42

1,3

85

1,7

51

1,7

66 1,8

93

2,0

25

2,1

28 2,2

20

1,9

48

1,5

96

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Tho

usa

nd

s

Public Private

TESDA enrolment by delivery mode

Source: TESDA Annual Reports (for TESDA enrolment); CHED (for HEI enrolment)

HEI enrolment by type of HEI

SDG4 Opportunities and Challenges While governance in Philippine Education System has been trifocalized:o Establishment of Commission on Higher Education (CHED) in 1994 through

Republic Act 7722; o Establishment of Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) in

1994 through RA 7796; and o Transformation of the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) to the

Department of Education (DepEd) in 2001 through RA 9155.

these institutions require synergies in budgeting and planning processes.

Introduction of K to 12 Program through the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 provides opportunities to improve quality of education

Emerging disruptions in job market from frontier technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIRe)

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Pangarap nating makahanapng DEKALIDAD NA TRABAHO

Goal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

GDP in PH has robustly grown at above 6% for the seventh straight year in 2018

In 2018, per-capita real GDP was at an all-time high at PHP 86,370 (growing by 4.6% from 2017’s PHP82,593).

Services have the largest share to GDP at 48.3%; Industry’s share also slowly rising

Agriculture’s 8.1% is lower than 2000’s 14%

18

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

20

18

Services

Industry

Agriculture, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing

Growth rate

Labor indicators show positive growth but with disparities by sex and region

19

7.45.4 5.7

18.8 18.316.1

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Per

cen

t

Unemployment rate Underemployment rate

Despite unemployment rates being higher among men, more males are participating in the labor force than their female counterparts; there are also disparities in the sectors they participate in.

As of 2017, unemployment rate at 5.7% (one of the lowest since 2005)

Quality of jobs the ultimate concern with underemployment remaining persistently high at 16.1% in 2017

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017

Total Male Female

Mill

ion

s

Agriculture Industry Services

PH labor productivity grew fastest at 8.4% in 2017; NCR records highest productivity (Php 614,293), while ARMM (18.9%) exhibited fastest growth.

SDG8 Opportunities and challengesDue to the structure of the Philippine economy where most of the dynamic

sectors (e.g. manufacturing and information technology) are underdeveloped, there is a need to ensure implementation of the government’s Inclusive Innovation Industrial Strategy (i3S), which aims to:obuild new industries, clusters and agglomeration

oensure MSME growth and development

o strengthen human resources

Provision of full and productive employment and decent work must not be responsibility of DOLE alone. This requires a whole of government approach involving various agencies such as the DOLE, DTI, DA, DOF, DBM, NEDA, DepEd, TESDA and DPWH, coupled with partnerships with business community.

20

Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries

Gains in economic development (especiallyamong the poor), but gains vary regionally

22

Income of bottom 40% caught upwith rest of the population since2003: average per capita incomegrowth rate for all households at 1.7%compared to 2.2% for bottom 40%(from 2006 to 2015).Gains in economic development vary

drastically amongst regions. Average percapita income in 2015 at Php267,000: NCRat Php 425,000—3x than that of ARMM(Php139,000)

3.2

5.0

3.13.5

2.01.5

2.0

2.8

1.5

2.4

3.5

5.8

2.8

5.1

1.9

0.9

1.9 2.1

1.5

1.7

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015

Per

cen

t

Bottom 40% of thePopulation

Total Population

Per Capita Income Growth Rates of PH population vs. Bottom 40%

Note: Authors’ calculations from FIES 1988-2015

Economic opportunities are disproportionate among age groups.

23

There has been a marked reductionin relative poverty. The proportionof Filipinos with incomes below halfof median per capita incomedecreasing from 18.7 to 15.9 from2006 to 2015.

Children and youth are morevulnerable to poverty. 23.9 percentof Filipinos below 18 years old areconsidered median poor, ascompared to only 13.4 percent ofFilipinos aged 15 to 59 years old.

Proportion of Filipinos with incomes below the half of the median per capita income, by age (%) : 2006 and 2015

9.2

13.4

13.9

15.0

23.9

24.7

15.9

10.5

13.8

13.5

14.4

24.5

25.6

18.7

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

Age 60 and Above

Age 15 to 59

Age 15 to 30

Age 15 to 24

Below Age 18

Below Age 15

Philippines

2006 2015

SDG10 Opportunities and Challenges Continue progress towards growth, but put more efforts in making growth inclusive, bringing development to marginalized sectorsoData disaggregation by sex, ethnicity, disability and other relevant

social and demographic characteristics is sparse but needed to identify vulnerable and marginalized

oNational development strategies and efforts for improving risk resilience among vulnerable should be translated and implemented into regional development plans to ensure inclusive development

While government has geared reduction of inequality towards social protection (4Ps, SocPen), community development (KALAHI-CIDDS), and livelihood, greater investment is needed on human capital through capacity-building and social protectiono Social protection extended with focus on children and rural areaso Targeted employment and skills-training based programs (e.g. SLP)

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3. Ways Forward

3. Ways Forward Consultations conducted for the VNR Report as of April 2019:

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Activity Date Venue

Consultation Workshop on the 2030 SDGs National Numerical Targets c/o NEDA

October 8-10, 2018 Novotel, Quezon City

SDG National Target Validation Workshop November 28-29, 2018 Taal Vista Hotel, Tagaytay

VNR Regional Consultation Workshop – Luzon (Clark) March 11, 2019 Quest Hotel, Clark

VNR Regional Consultation Workshop – Mindanao (Davao) March 13, 2019 Marco Polo Hotel, Davao

VNR Regional Consultation Workshop – Visayas (Cebu) March 15, 2019 Best Western Plus, Cebu

Activity Date Venue

Consultation Workshop on the 2030 SDGs National Numerical Targets c/o NEDA October 8-10, 2018 Novotel, Quezon City

SDG National Target Validation Workshop November 28-29, 2018 Taal Vista Hotel, Tagaytay

Presentation of the zero-draft of the VNR during SDG Focal Points’ Meeting c/o PSA January 22, 2019 Rembrandt Hotel, QC

Special meeting with DepEd regarding Philippines' experience with the VNR Process February 19, 2019 DepEd Central Office

VNR Regional Consultation Workshop – Luzon (Clark) March 11, 2019 Quest Hotel, Clark

VNR Regional Consultation Workshop – Mindanao (Davao) March 13, 2019 Marco Polo Hotel, Davao

VNR Regional Consultation Workshop – Visayas (Cebu) March 15, 2019 Best Western Plus, Cebu

Consultation with Children c/o Unicef, PLCPD, and CWC March 30, 2019 Crowne Plaza, Ortigas

Labor Sector Tripartite Consultation for the VNR c/o ILO and DOLE April 10, 2019 Bayleaf Intramuros, Manila

Child-focused CSO Consultation in Eastern Visayas c/o Plan International April 11, 2019 Summit Hotel, Tacloban City

VNR Regional Consultation Workshop – NCR April 25, 2019 PIDS, Quezon City

3. Ways ForwardPSA to conduct a review of current preliminary list of Tier1 National SDG Indicators this first semester of 2019Make use of Learnings from 2018 workshops of NEDA and PIDS

Examine Availability of current and new indicators (in global SDG database)

Look into Relevance of supplementary and proxy indicators (in consultation not only with data producers, but also experts)

NEDA to continue developing roadmap for attaining SDGs and to assist PSA in review, with aid of interagency committees of NEDA on SDGs and of PSA on various sectoral statistics

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The key overarching principle to (“Leave No One Behind”) requires more granular and better quality data, more actions and more effective partnerships.

Philippine Institute for Development StudiesSurian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas

End of Presentation