WELCOME TO THE PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA

By- Sourav RakshitClass -9(A) Roll no- 34

K2 Kanchenjunga

Nanga Parbat Makalu

The Himalayas, geologically young and structurally fold mountains stretch over the northern borders of India. The Himalayas consist of three parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent:- 1) Himadri

2) Himachal3) Shiwaliks

Besides the longitudinal divisions, the Himalayas have been divided on the basis of regions from west to east:- 1) Punjab Himalayas

2) Kumaon Himalayas3) Nepal Himalayas 4) Assam Himalayas

The northern plains have been formed by the interplay of three major river systems, namely- the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra along with their tributaries. The northern plain is broadly divided into three sections:-1) The Punjab plains2)The Ganga plains3)The Brahmaputra plains

According to the variations in relief features, the Northern plains can be divided into four regions:-

1) Bhabar2)Terai3)Bhangar4)Khadar

The peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. This plateau consists of two broad divisions:-1) The Central Highlands2) The Deccan Plateau

One of the distinct features of this area is that it consists of a black soil area known as Deccan trap. This is of volcanic origin and hence the rocks are igneous. Actually these rocks have denuded over time and are responsible for the formation black soil.

THE

INDIAN

DESERT

The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravalli Hills. It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes. This region receives very low rainfall. It has arid climate with low vegetation cover. Streams appear during the rainy season. Luni is the only large

THE COASTAL

PLAINS

The plateau is flanked by stretch of narrow coastal strips, running along the Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal:-1)Konkan plain2)Kannad plain3)Malabar coast

In the northern part it is known as Northern Circar, while in southern part it is known as the coromandel coast.

THE ISLANDS

India has two main groups of islands. These are:-1)Lakshadweep islands2)Andaman and Nicobar islands

The island groups provide sites for fishing and port activities. They have thick forest cover. These island groups are of great strategic importance to the country.