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Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Blacksburg, Virginia

The Plant Disease Clinic andWeed Identification Lab

Annual Report 2018

The Plant Disease Clinic 2018 Annual Report

Table of ContentsAcknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................................ii

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................iii

Highlights from 2018 ...................................................................................................................................................v

Plant Disease Clinic Summaries

Monthly Submission Report .................................................................................................................................1

Crop Category Report ..........................................................................................................................................2

Diagnostic Category Report .................................................................................................................................3

Samples by Diagnostic Category .........................................................................................................................4

Plant Pathogens, Other Assistance ......................................................................................................................4

Other Agents .........................................................................................................................................................4

Distribution of Samples by County .............................................................................................................................5

Summary of Diagnoses by Plant

Field Crops ..........................................................................................................................................................6

Herbaceous Ornamentals and Indoor Plants .......................................................................................................8

Small Fruits ........................................................................................................................................................19

Tree Fruits and Nuts ...........................................................................................................................................21

Trees ..................................................................................................................................................................24

Turf .....................................................................................................................................................................33

Vegetables and Herbs ........................................................................................................................................35

Weeds..................................................................................................................................................................40

Woody Ornamentals ...........................................................................................................................................41

Summary of Plant and Fungal Identifications .............................................................................................................51

i

Acknowledgements

The Plant Disease Clinic depends on an industrious staff of both full-time and part-time employees to prepare culture media, isolate pathogens from plant tissue, measure soil pH, extract nematodes from plant tissue, maintain records, answer the telephone, keep track of samples, and send out reports. In 2018, diagnoses in the Plant Disease Clinic in Blacksburg were performed by Mary Ann Hansen and Elizabeth Bush, with valuable assistance from Ella Reeves and Kate Costello.

Plant Clinic staff consult with many faculty and staff in various departments in order to make complete, accurate diagnoses and recommendations. We would like to thank the following people for their helpful assistance during the past year:

Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science Dr. Anton Baudoin Dr. Jeff Derr Dr. Jon Eisenback Dr. Michael Flessner Dr. Gary Griffin Dr. Scott Hagood Dr. Chuan Hong Dr. Charles Johnson Mr. David McCall Dr. Mizuho Nita Ms. Kara Pittman Ms. Jill Pollock Dr. Steven Rideout Dr. Sue Tolin Dr. Keith Yoder

Entomology Mr. Eric Day Dr. Thomas Kuhar Dr. Doug Pfeiffer

Horticulture Dr. Joyce Latimer Dr. Alex Niemiera Dr. Jayesh Samtani Dr. Holly Scoggins Dr. Greg Welbaum Dr. Tony Wolf

Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences Dr. John Fike Dr. Michael Goatley Mr. Steve Heckendorn Dr. Mark Reiter Dr. Wade Thomasen

Biology Dr. Jordan Metzgar

Fisheries and Wildlife Dr. Jim Parkhurst

We would also like to thank Mr. Todd Powell of TSP Software for designing and continuing to support the Plant Clinic database ("PClinic"). The database has given us the ability to keep complete records of Plant Clinic samples and to mail reports to Extension Offices electronically. Information on purchasing PClinic can be obtained from the Clinic at <[email protected]>.

Kate Costello painstakingly compiled the annual report. The annual report can be viewed on-line at <https://www.ppws.vt.edu/extension/plant-disease-clinic/reports.html>.

ii

Introduction

The annual report for the Plant Disease Clinic located on the Virginia Tech campus in Blacksburg is presented in the following pages. Plant specimens that were submitted to and diagnosed at the Agricultural Research and Extension Centers throughout the Commonwealth are not included in this report. Note that the number of diagnoses performed was higher than the number of samples received because some samples are diagnosed with more than one problem.

For pathogens that could be identified to species or for which only one species is known to occur on the host plant in question, the species name is listed. For those diseases in which one of several species could have been involved, the epithet is listed as "sp." The Plant Disease Clinic does not routinely identify pathogens to species because species identification can sometimes be a very time-consuming process and often has little bearing on control recommendations. Most pathogens were assumed to be the cause of the disease if they were cultured in high numbers from the plant tissue or identified by molecular techniques, if they were reported in the literature to be pathogens of the particular host plant, and if they were reported to cause the observed symptoms.

Viral problems were, for the most part, either diagnosed by an antibody test involving the use of immunostrips or they were sent to a private lab for antibody testing at a cost to the grower. In some cases, identification of the specific virus was not desired by the client. In those cases, if symptoms indicated a virus infection, the diagnosis is listed simply as “virus”.

Soil samples for nematode assays were forwarded to the Nematode Assay Laboratory. Nematode diseases were diagnosed by extracting nematodes from soil or plant tissue. Samples must include at least 1 pint of soil for nematode assays. Nematode assays were routinely performed on samples of plant species known to be affected by nematodes, e.g. boxwood. Nematode populations in the sample were compared to damage threshold levels to make a control recommendation. Threshold levels have been developed in research trials for many, but not all, crops grown in Virginia.

The phrase "Cause of Problem Unknown" is used for plant samples from which no pathogen could be isolated and for which no obvious environmental or cultural condition could be associated with the problem. Trees have more samples in this category and in the category "Insufficient Sample" than any other type of plant. Tree problems are more difficult to diagnose in a clinic setting than problems of annual plants for several reasons. First, tree problems often develop over the course of several years and current symptoms may be related to stressful conditions that occurred in previous years. Also, it is difficult for growers to supply an appropriate plant specimen for diagnosis since the causes of many tree diseases are in the trunk or roots.

Some insect problems are also listed in this report. Insect damage is often mistaken for disease, and samples with insect damage are sometimes submitted to the Plant Disease Clinic rather than the Insect Identification Lab. We make a preliminary diagnosis of insect damage on these samples and refer them to Mr. Eric Day in the Insect Identification Lab. The final diagnosis on all samples of insect damage is performed by Mr. Day. Samples

iii

with known insect problems should be sent directly to the Insect ID Lab with the appropriate form.

We also receive digital images and email messages regarding plant problems. For the most part, it is difficult to diagnose diseases without a plant sample; however, diseases with unique symptoms can sometimes be diagnosed from an image or a description. Images are most useful when submitted with a plant sample. Total numbers of email and digital image inquiries are listed on p.3.

Reports are mailed electronically to the local Extension office from which the sample originated. Upon request, we will simultaneously send electronic reports to one or more individual Extension personnel. Since implementing electronic mailing, we have discontinued faxing or mailing hard copies of reports. Relevant fact sheets for some diseases are available on the Web at http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/category/plant-diseases.html.

iv

http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/category/plant-diseases.html

DISEASE HIGHLIGHTS 2018

The Plant Disease Clinic performed 2163 disease diagnoses and identifications on 1650 plant samples in 2018. Highlights of the 2018 season are provided below.

The 2018 growing season provided excellent conditions for boxwood blight development and spread in Virginia. The Plant Disease Clinic received a record number of boxwood samples for diagnosis in 2018 (417 samples) and 188 of these were positive for boxwood blight. When boxwood blight first came into the state in 2011, it spread mainly on infected plants that were transported from one place to another and spread was slow, but after the sale of infected plants by a large retailer in 2016, the disease was introduced to many new landscapes in Virginia. It has since spread to new locations via pruning tools and other equipment, boxwood greenery and probably also on animals, in addition to spreading on infected plant material. Wet conditions and moderate temperatures, which were prevalent in fall of 2018, favored development and spread of the disease in many parts of Virginia.

Wet conditions also favored many bacterial and fungal diseases, some of which we diagnosed for the first time in 2018:

Field Crops

• Hemp (Cannabis sativa) – Fusarium Bud Rot (Fusarium sp.)• Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Hollow Stalk, caused by several species of Pectobacterium

Herbaceous Ornamentals and Herbs Bacterial Diseases (Foliar)

• Anise hyssop (Agastache sp.) - Xanthomonascampestris

• False indigo (Baptisia australis) – Burkholderiaandropogonis

• Leadwort (Ceratostigma plumbaginoides) - Burkholderiaandropogonis

• Salvia (Salvia sp.) - Acidovorax konjaci• St. Johnswort (Hypericum calycinum) - Burkholderia

andropogonis and B. gladioli Bacterial Leaf Spot on False Indigo

v

Viral Diseases • Japanese holly fern (Cyrtomium falcatum) - Japanese Holly Fern Mottle Virus (JHFMV)

Fungal Diseases • Camellia (Camellia sinensis) – Gray Leaf Spot (Pestalotiopsis

maculans)• Canna (Canna glauca) – Rust (Puccinia thaliae)• Daylily (Hemerocallis sp.) – Southern Blight (Sclerotium rolfsii)• Lily-of-the-Valley (Convallaria majalis)- Ascochyta Leaf Spot

(Ascochyta sp.)

• Lobelia (Lobelia sp.) – Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)

• Sedge (Carex pensylvanica) - Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight (Rhizoctonia solani)

• Sunflower (Helianthus sp.) – Downy Mildew (Plasmopara halstedii)

• Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) – Fusarium Crown and Root Rot (Fusarium sp.)

Etching, chlorosis and mottling on Japanese holly fern due to JHFMV

Camellia with Gray Leaf Spot

Ascochyta Leaf Spot on Lily-of-the-Valley

Sunflower Downy Mildew

vi

Tree and Small Fruits • Apple (Malus sp.) – Rapid Apple Decline, a problem that occurs in high density apple

orchards with young trees; the cause has not been determined• Brambles – Broad mites (often confused with growth regulator chemical injury or other

problems)• Grape (Vitis sp.) – Zonate Leaf Spot (Cristulariella moricola)

Trees and Woody Ornamentals • Black Gum (Nyssa sylvatica) – Felt Fungus (Septobasidium fumigatum) – This fungus is

not parasitic to the tree, but has a mutualistic/parasitic relationship with the scale insectwith which it is associated.

• Heather (Calluna vulgaris) – Web Blight (Rhizoctonia solani)

Apple showing trunk cankers associated with Rapid Apple

Decline (cause unknown)

Distortion of foliage caused by broad mites (Polyphagotarsonemus latus)

Zonate Leaf Spot on Grape

Patches of felt fungus on black gum stems resemble sooty mold

Small chambers that protect the scale insect in the felt

fungus that forms on black gum

vii

Month # SamplesJanuary 19

February 57

March 110

April 117

May 145

June 197

July 241

August 220

September 203

October 222

November 99

December 20

Total 1,650

Monthly Submission Summary Number of samples received by month

0

50

100

150

200

250

Number of Samples by Month, 2018

1

Crop Category # of Samples % of TotalField Crops 41 2.5Herbaceous Ornamentals and Indoor Plants 222 13.5Small Fruits 60 3.7Tree Fruits and Nuts 68 4.1Trees 368 22.5Turf 42 2.6Unknown 1 0.1Vegetables and Herbs 134 8.2Weeds 3 0.2Woody Ornamentals 698 42.6Total 1,637

Samples by Crop CategorySample totals by major crop categories, excluding plant identifications

Field CropsHerbaceous

Ornamentals and Indoor Plants

Small Fruits

Tree Fruits and Nuts

Trees

TurfUnknown

Vegetables and Herbs

Weeds

Woody Ornamentals

Samples by Crop Category, 2018

2

# of Diagnoses/IDs % of Total

Plant Pathogens 1,017 47.0Bacterium 64Fungus 818Nematode 55Oomycete 51Virus 29

Abiotic Factors 472 21.8Chemical 47Environmental/Cultural 414

Physiological/Genetic 11Insect or Mite Injury 283 13.1

Insects or Mites 283Other Animal Injury 9 0.4

Birds 5Mammals 4

Insufficient Sample or Cause Unknown 167 7.7Insufficient sample or information 143Unknown 24

Miscellaneous 198 9.2Algae 2Lichen 15Normal Condition 7Other 173

Parasitic Plant 1Weed Encroachment 4 0.2

Weed 4Identifications 13 0.6

Algae 1Fungi 7

Plant 4

Unable to Identify 1Total 2,163

Digital Submissions (Email, Digital Pictures) 140Phone Calls 123

Total

Diagnosis/ID Category Summary

263

3

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Bacterium Fungus Nematode Oomycete Virus

Plant Pathogens, 2018

Miscellaneous

Plant Pathogens

Abiotic Factors

Other Animal Injury

Weed Encroachment

Insect or Mite Injury

Insufficient Sample or

Cause Unknown

2018 Samples by Diagnosis Category

0

100

200

300

400

500

Abiotic Factors Insect or MiteInjury

Other AnimalInjury

InsufficientSample or

Cause Unknown

Miscellaneous

Other Agents, 2018

4

Geographic Distribution of Samples Received in 2018County # of Samples County # of Samples

Out of State 10 LEE 2

ACCOMACK 6 LOUDOUN 21

ALBEMARLE 129 LOUISA 21

ALLEGHANY 1 LUNENBURG 2

AMELIA 5 LYNCHBURG CITY 70

AMHERST 7 MADISON 4

APPOMATTOX 2 MATHEWS 2

ARLINGTON 14 MECKLENBURG 3

AUGUSTA 44 MIDDLESEX 1

BATH 1 MONTGOMERY 124

BEDFORD 28 NELSON 117

BOTETOURT 11 NEW KENT 17

BRUNSWICK 1 NEWPORT NEWS CITY 24

CAMPBELL 3 NORTHAMPTON 6

CAROLINE 12 NORTHUMBERLAND 17

CARROLL 14 NOTTOWAY 3

CHESAPEAKE CITY 30 ORANGE 7

CHESTERFIELD 1 PAGE 3

CLARKE 3 PATRICK 5

CRAIG 1 PITTSYLVANIA 5

CULPEPER 29 PORTSMOUTH CITY 10

CUMBERLAND 2 POWHATAN 11

DANVILLE CITY 4 PRINCE EDWARD 3

DICKENSON 1 PRINCE WILLIAM 21

ESSEX 4 PULASKI 14

FAIRFAX 154 RAPPAHANNOCK 24

FAUQUIER 7 RICHMOND CITY 5

FLOYD 16 ROANOKE 40

FLUVANNA 4 ROCKBRIDGE 25

FRANKLIN 17 ROCKINGHAM 19

FREDERICK 20 RUSSELL 4

GILES 11 SCOTT 2

GLOUCESTER 2 SHENANDOAH 2

GOOCHLAND 11 SMYTH 2

GRAYSON 5 SOUTHAMPTON 5

GREENE 11 SPOTSYLVANIA 5

GREENSVILLE 1 STAFFORD 33

HALIFAX 2 SUFFOLK CITY 2

HAMPTON CITY 8 TAZEWELL 14

HANOVER 57 VIRGINIA BEACH 27

HENRICO 31 WARREN 3

HENRY 7 WASHINGTON 5

HIGHLAND 2 WESTMORELAND 16

ISLE OF WIGHT 8 WISE 6

JAMES CITY 14 WYTHE 11

KING GEORGE 1 YORK 126

KING WILLIAM 6 Total 1,650

LANCASTER 3

5

1 Alfalfa Common Leaf spot Pseudopeziza medicaginis1 Alfalfal Weevils1 Anthracnose Colletotrichum trifolii1 Sclerotinia Crown and Root Rot Sclerotinia trifoliorum2 Spring Black Stem and Leaf Spot Phoma medicaginis1 Suspect Spring Black Stem and Leaf Spot Phoma medicaginis7

1 Insufficient Sample1

1 Fusarium Ear Rot Fusarium sp.1 Low pH1 Nematodes1 Penicillium Seed Rot Penicillium sp.1 Seed Corn Maggots5

1 Anthracnose Collectotrichum dematium1 Fusarium Bud Rot Fusarium sp.1 Insufficient Sample1 Suspect Brown Blight Alternaria sp.1 Suspect Normal Senescence5

Barley

Total for Barley

Corn

Diagnosis Appendix

Information about diseases/pests diagnosed by the laboratory

Field CropsAlfalfa

Total for Alfalfa

Total for Corn

Hemp

Total for Hemp

6

1 Alternaria Cone Disorder Alternaria alternata

1 Aphids

1 Cause of Problem Undetermined

1 Downy Mildew Pseudoperonospora humuli

2 Insects

2 Insufficient Sample

2 No Pathogens Found

1 Suspect Downy Mildew Pseudoperonospora humuli

1 Suspect Virus

1 Thrips

13

1 Gray Leaf Spot Pyricularia grisea

1

1 Anthracnose Colletotrichum graminicola

1

1 Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp.

1 Charcoal Rot Macrophomina phaseolina

2 Insects


1 Physiological Leaf Spot

1 Suspect Cultural Problem

7

1 Northern Corn Leaf Blight Setosphaeria turcica

1

1 Bacterial Soft Rot (Hollow Stalk) Unidentified Bacterium

1

Hops

Total for Hops

Millet

Total for Millet

Total for Soybean

Sudangrass

Total for Sudangrass

Orchardgrass

Total for Orchardgrass

Soybean

Tobacco

Total for Tobacco

7


1

1 Low pH

1

1 Bacterial Blight Xanthomonas campestris

1 Suspect Bacterial Leaf Spot Acidovorax konjaci

2

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Cucumber Mosaic Virus

2

1 Suspect Chemical Injury

1

1 Abiotic Problem

1

1 Colletotrichum Colletotrichum sp.

1 Physiological Problem

2

1 Botrytis Blight Botrytis cinerea

1 Foliar Nematodes Aphelenchoides sp.

2

1 Abiotic Problem 1 Broad Mites Polyphagotarsonemus latus

2

2 Botrytis Stem Canker Botrytis cinerea

2

African Violet

Total for African Violet

Agastache

Herbaceous Ornamentals and Indoor Plants

Acanthus

Total for Acanthus

Air Potato

Total for Air Potato

Amaranth

Total for Amaranth

Total for Agastache

Ageratum

Total for Ageratum

Total for Anemone

Bedding Plants, Miscellaneous

Total for Bedding Plants, Miscellaneous

Amaryllis

Total for Amaryllis

Anemone

Bee Balm

Total for Bee Balm

8

1 Environmental Stress1 Insufficient Sample2

2 No Pathogens Found2

1 Suspect Cultural Problem1


1 Black Root Rot Thielaviopsis basicola1

Puccinia thaliae2 Canna Yellow Mottle Virus1 Rust3

1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Burkholderia gladioli1

1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Pseudomonas cichorii1 Fusarium Wilt Fusarium oxysporum1 Low pH3

1 Intumescence1


Cleome

Total for Cleome

Clivia

Total for Clivia

Total for Ceratostigma

Chrysanthemum

Total for Chrysanthemum

Ceratostigma

Calibrachoa

Total for Calibrachoa

Canna

Total for Canna

Total for Cactus

Calamondin Orange

Total for Calamondin Orange

Butterfly Weed

Total for Butterfly Weed

Cactus

Begonia

Total for Begonia

9

1 Excess Soluble Salts

1

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Pseudomonas viridilivida


1 Cold Injury

2 Foliar Nematodes Aphelenchoides sp.


1 Pythium Root Rot Pythium sp.

8

1 Bacterial Blight Pseudomonas syringae

2 Bacterial Leaf Blight Pseudomonas cichorii


1 Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora sp.

1 Phomopsis on leaves Phomopsis sp.

7


1


1

1 Insects


1 Suspect Abiotic Problem

3

1 Borers


2

Coneflower

Total for Coneflower

Coral Bells

Culver's Root

Total for Culver's Root

Daffodil

Total for Daffodil

Total for Coral Bells

Coreopsis

Total for Coreopsis

Total for Daisy

Dahlia

Total for Dahlia

Daisy

10

1 Fusarium Root Rot Fusarium sp.

1 Lesion Nematodes Pratylenchus sp.


1 Southern Blight Sclerotium rolfsii


6

3 Abiotic Problem

4 Fusarium Root Rot Fusarium oxysporum


1 Suspect Environmental Stress

9

1 Abiotic Problem


2

1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Burkholderia andropogonis

1

1 Japanese Holly Fern Mottle Virus


2

1 Environmental Stress

1

1 Cultural Problem

1

1 Alternaria Leaf Spot Alternaria sp.

1


1 Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

2

Daylily

Total for Daylily

False Indigo

Total for False Indigo

Fern

Dianthus

Total for Dianthus

Epimedium

Total for Epimedium

Forget-me-not

Total for Forget-me-not

Foxglove

Total for Foxglove

Total for Fern

Foamflower

Total for Foamflower

Gaillardia

Total for Gaillardia

11


1

1 Bacterial Blight

1 Fungus Gnats

1 Fusarium Stem Rot

1 Low pH

1 Mites

1 Pythium Root Rot

Xanthomonas campestris

Fusarium sp.

Pythium sp.

6

1 Thrips

1

1 Insects

1

1 Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp.

1

1 Abiotic Problem

2 Bacterial Soft Rot

1 Black Leaf Spot

2 Botrytis Blight

Pectobacterium carotovorum

Coniothyrium hellebori

Botrytis cinerea

1 Bulb Mite




1 Suspect Cold Injury

13


1 Cold Injury



4

Total for Gaura

Geranium

Total for Geranium

Gaura

Groundcherry

Total for Groundcherry

Hellebore

Gerbera Daisy

Total for Gerbera Daisy

Gomphrena

Total for Gomphrena

Total for Hellebore

Hosta

Total for Hosta

12

1 Abiotic Problem

1

1 Broad Mites



3

1 Bacterial Soft Rot Pectobacterium sp.

1


1

Fusarium sp.

Botrytis cinerea

5 Fusarium Root and Stem Rot 1 Gray Mold


1 Phytophthora Root Rot Phytophthora nicotianae


1 Suspect Fusarium Stem and Root Rot Fusarium sp.

11

1 Ascochyta Leaf Spot Ascochyta sp.

1

1 Fusarium Crown and Leaf Rot Fusarium sp.

1 Fusarium Root Rot Fusarium sp.


3

1 Fusarium Root and Stem Rot Fusarium sp.

1

1 Sclerotinia Stem Rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

1

Iceland Poppy

Total for Iceland Poppy

Impatiens

Total for Impatiens

Total for Japanese Knotweed

Lavender

Total for Lavender

Iris

Total for Iris

Japanese Knotweed

Lisianthus

Total for Lisianthus

Lobelia

Lily-of-the-valley

Total for Lily-of-the-valley

Liriope

Total for Liriope

Total for Lobelia

13

Polyphagotarsonemus latus

1 Abiotic Problem

1

1 Bacterial Blight Xanthomonas campestris


3

1 Abiotic Problem

1

1 Anthracnose Colletotrichum dematium

1

1 Nutrient Deficiency

1


1

2 Cymbidium Mosaic Virus

2 Mites


5


1


1 Boxwood Blight Calonectria pseudonaviculata

1 Cold Injury

11 Volutella Blight Volutella pachysandrae

14

Milkweed

Total for Milkweed

Mint

Total for Mint

Lungwort

Total for Lungwort

Total for Nemesia

Orange

Total for Orange

Miscanthus

Total for Miscanthus

Nemesia

Pachysandra

Total for Pachysandra

Orchid

Total for Orchid

Ornamental Grass

Total for Ornamental Grass

14

1 Abiotic Problem


1 Phytophthora Root and Stem Rot Phytophthora nicotianae

2 Suspect Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp.

1 Suspect Bacterial Leaf Spot Acidovorax konjaci


10

1 Bacterial Blight Xanthomonas sp.


1 Suspect Tobacco Rattle Virus

5


1

1 Cultural Problem

1 High pH

1 Phytophthora Root Rot Phytophthora nicotianae

3


1 Black Root Rot Thielaviopsis basicola


1 Fusarium Stem Rot Fusarium sp.

1 Mites

1 Thrips

6

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Chemical Residue

2

1 Borers


1 Soft Rot Pectobacterium sp.1 Suspect Winter Injury

4

Pansy

Periwinkle

Total for Periwinkle

Petunia

Total for Petunia

Total for Pansy

Peony

Total for Peony

Total for Plant, Unknown

Plants, Miscellaneous

Total for Plants, Miscellaneous

Phlox

Total for Phlox

Plant, Unknown

15

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Bacterial Canker Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens

1 Botrytis Stem Canker Botrytis sp.


4


1


2


1

1 Artillery Fungus Sphaerobolus stellatus

1



2


1

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Bacterial Blight Acidovorax konjaci


4

1 Rhizoctonia Aerial Blight Rhizoctonia sp.

1

Ranunculus

Total for Ranunculus

Red Hot Poker

Poinsettia

Total for Poinsettia

Primrose

Total for Primrose

Rudbeckia

Total for Rudbeckia

Russian Sage

Total for Russian Sage

Total for Red Hot Poker

Rubber Plant

Total for Rubber Plant

Total for Sedge

Salvia

Total for Salvia

Sedge

16

5 Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp.1 Insufficient Sample1 Pythium Root Rot Pythium sp.4 Rhizoctonia Stem and Root Rot Rhizoctonia solani2 Web Blight Rhizoctonia solani

13


1 Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora sp.1 Downy Mildew Plasmopara halstedii2


1 Bipolaris Leaf Spot Bipolaris sp.1 Suspect Virus2

1 Mites1

1 Suspect Environmental Stress1

1 Black Root Rot Thielaviopsis basicola1 Pythium Root Rot Pythium sp.2



Sedum

Total for Sedum

Sweet Potato

Total for Sweet Potato

Switchgrass

Spurge

Total for Spurge

Sunflower

Total for Sunflower

Toad Lily

Total for Toad Lily

Verbena

Total for Verbena

Total for Switchgrass

Ti Plant

Total for Ti Plant

Total for Wallflower

Vietnamese Snowflake

Total for Vietnamese Snowflake

Wallflower

17

1 Abiotic Problem


2

Zinnia

Total for Zinnia

18

2 Beetles

1 Broad Mites

2 Cane Blight Coniothyrium fuckellii

1 Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora rubi

1 Crown Borers


1 Orange Rust Arthuriomyces peckianus

1 Spur Blight Didymella applanata


1 Suspect Rosette Disease Cercosporella rubi

1 Virus

15

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Beetles

1 Botryosphaeria Dieback Botryosphaeria sp.

2 Dagger Nematodes Xiphinema sp.


2 Low pH

2 Phomopsis Twig Blight Phomopsis vaccinii


1 Ring Nematodes Criconemella sp.


14

1 Insects

1 Suspect Botryosphaeria Canker Botryosphaeria sp.

2

Small Fruits

Fig

Total for Fig

Blackberry

Total for Blackberry

Blueberry

Total for Blueberry

19

Polyphagotarsonemus latus

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Bitter Rot Greeneria uvicola

4 Black Rot Guignardia bidwellii

1 Crown Gall Rhizobium (Agrobacterium) vitis

1 Downy Mildew Plasmopara viticola


1 Lichens

1 Mites

1 Phomopsis Phomopsis sp.

2 Pierce's Disease Xylella fastidiosa

1 Pseudocercospora Leaf Blight Pseudocercospora vitis


1 Suspect Black Rot Guignardia bidwellii


3 Suspect Grape Leafroll Assoc. Virus

1 Suspect Pestalotiopsis Leaf Spot Pestalotiopsis sp.

1 Suspect Winter Injury

1 Wood Decay

1 Zonate Leaf Spot Cristulariella moricola

27

1 Beetles

1 Dagger Nematodes Xiphinema sp.


4

6 Anthracnose

2 Gray Mold

1 Mites

1 Phomopsis Leaf Blight

1 Phytophthora Crown Rot

1 Pythium Root Rot

1 Rhizoctonia Root Rot

1 Rootworms

1 Suspect Anthracnose Crown Rot

Collectotrichum sp. Botrytis cinerea

Phomopsis obscurans Phytophthora cactorum Pythium sp. Rhizoctonia

solani

Colletotrichum sp.

15


1

Grape

Strawberry

Total for Strawberry

Wineberry

Total for Wineberry

Total for Grape

Raspberry

Total for Raspberry

20

1 Abiotic Problem

3 Bitter Rot Glomerella cingulata

1 Black Rot Diplodia seriata



13 Cedar-Apple Rust Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae

1 Cedar-Quince Rust Gymnosporangium clavipes

1 Chemical Injury

1 Codling Moths

4 Curculios

4 Fire Blight Erwinia amylovora

1 Fly Speck Schizothyrium pomi

1 Frogeye Leaf Spot Physalospora obtusa

1 Frost Ring

2 Insects


1 Russetting

1 Scab Venturia inaequalis

1 Stinkbugs


1 Suspect Alternaria Blotch Alternaria mali

2 Suspect Rapid Apple Decline

1 White Rot Botryosphaeria dothidea

47

1 Mycosphaerella Leaf Spot Mycosphaerella sp.

1 Suspect Insects

2

1 Fire Blight Erwinia amylovora

1

Total for Apricot

Asian Pear

Total for Asian Pear

Tree Fruits and Nuts

Apple

Total for Apple

Apricot

21

2 Abiotic Problem1 Beetles1 Brown Rot Monilinia sp.1 Cherry Leaf Curl Taphrina cerasi2 Cherry Leaf Spot Blumeriella jaapii1 Cold Injury1 Lichens1 Mycosphaerella Leaf Spot Mycosphaerella sp.1 Sooty Mold1 Cause of Problem Undetermined

12

2 Abiotic Problem1 Borers3 Brown Rot Monilinia fructicola4 Cultural Problem4 Curculios1 No Pathogens Found1 Suspect Brown Rot Monilinia fructicola1 Suspect Insects

17

1 Entomosporium Leaf Spot Entomosporium mespili1 Frost Injury1 Insects1 Insufficient Sample2 Rust Gymnosporangium sp.1 Sapsucker Injury7

2 Insufficient Sample1 Scab Cladosporium caryigenum3

1 Psyllids1

Peach

Total for Peach

Pear

Cherry

Total for Cherry

Persimmon

Total for Persimmon

Total for Pear

Pecan

Total for Pecan

22

2 Black Knot Dibotryon morbosum

2 Brown Rot Monilinia fructicola

1 Curculios

1 Insects

6

1 Abiotic Problem

1


1

Plum

Total for Plum

Total for Walnut

Pomegranate

Total for Pomegranate

Walnut

23

5 Abiotic Problem1 Cultural Problem1 Environmental Stress4 Insufficient Sample1 Leafminers7 Mites1 No Pathogens Found1 Normal Senescence1 Pestalotiopsis Twig Blight Pestalotiopsis funerea1 Suspect Seasonal Needle Drop

27

1 Felt Fungus1 Suspect Chemical Injury 1 Suspect Emerald Ash Borer3


1 Beech Bark Disease Nectria sp.1 Insects1 Lichens1 Suspect Cultural Problem4

1 Abiotic Problem2 Chemical Injury1 Insects4

1 Anthracnose Discula sp.1 Insects1 Insufficient Sample3 Sooty Mold Septobasidium fumigatum 6

TreesArborvitae

Total for Arborvitae

Birch

Total for Birch

Black Gum

Ash

Total for Ash

Beech

Total for Beech

Total for Black Gum

Autumn Olive

Total for Autumn Olive

24

2 Brown Spot Lecanosticta acicola1 Cold Injury2 Insects2 Insufficient Sample2 No Pathogens Found1 Scales1 Suspect Chemical Injury1 Suspect Cultural Problem1 Suspect Winter Injury

13

1 Deep Planting1 Wood Decay2

2 Cedar-Apple Rust Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginiana

2

1 Abiotic Problem4 Environmental Stress2 Pestalotiopsis Tip Blight Pestalotiopsis sp.1 Phomopsis Tip Blight Phomopsis sp.1 Scales1 Suspect Environmental Stress

10

2 Bagworms4 Insufficient Sample1 Lichens5 No Pathogens Found1 Pestalotiopsis Needle Blight Pestalotiopsis sp.5 Seiridium Canker Seiridium sp.1 Suspect Environmental Stress

17 Suspect Seiridium Canker Seiridium sp.36

Crabapple

Total for Crabapple

Cryptomeria

Total for Cryptomeria

Cypress

Chestnut

Total for Chestnut

Cedar

Total for Cedar

Total for Cypress

25

2 Abiotic Problem2 Botryosphaeria Dieback Botryosphaeria sp.1 Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora sp.1 Environmental Stress1 Insects2 Insufficient Sample2 No Pathogens Found1 Plant Hairs3 Powdery Mildew Oidium sp.1 Septoria Leaf Spot Septoria cornicola1 Suspect Inonotus Root and Butt Rot Inonotus sp.1 Vole Injury3 Wood Decay

21

1 No Pathogens Found1 Swiss Needle Cast Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii2

1 Abiotic Problem1 Cedar-Apple Rust Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginiana

2 Mites3 No Pathogens Found3 Phomopsis Tip Blight Phomopsis juniperovora

10

1 Abiotic Problem1 Suspect Cultural Problem1 Suspect Environmental Stress1 Winter Injury4

1 Bacterial Scorch Xylella fastidiosa3 Dutch Elm Disease Ophiostoma ulmi5

1 Pestalotiopsis Twig Blight Pestalotiopsis sp.1 Seasonal Needle Drop3

Douglas Fir

Total for Douglasfir

Eastern Red Cedar

Total for Eastern Red Cedar

Dogwood

Total for Dogwood

Total for Elm

Falsecypress

Total for Falsecypress

Eleagnus

Total for Eleagnus

Elm

26

2 Abiotic Problem

1 Insects

1 J-rooted

1 Lichens

2 Mites


4 Phytophthora Root Rot Phytophthora cinnamomi

1 Spruce Mites


3 Weevils

20

1 Insufficient Information


3

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Leaf Gall Insects

2 Sooty Mold

4

1 Cedar-Quince Rust Gymnosporangium clavipes

1


1 Mites

1 Scales

3


1

1 Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp.

1 Insects

2

1 Phomopsis Phomopsis sp.

1

Fir

Total for Fir

Gingko

Total for Gingko

Total for Hawthorn

Hemlock

Total for Hemlock

Hackberry

Total for Hackberry

Hawthorn

Japanese Pagodatree

Total for Japanese Pagodatree

Hickory

Total for Hickory

Hornbeam

Total for Hornbeam

27

1 Suspect Abiotic Problem1

1 Abiotic Problem1 Aphids1 Canker (Unidentified Fungus)1 Cold Injury1 Freeze Damage1 Insects2 Insufficient Sample1 Mites1 Sapsucker Injury1 Scales1 Scorch1 Sooty Mold1 Suspect Environmental Stress5 Winter Injury

19

Magnolia

Total for Magnolia

Linden

Total for Linden

28

1 Abiotic Problem

5 Anthracnose Kabatiella apocrypta

1 Beetles


1 Chemical Injury

1 Eriophyid Mites

1 Fusarium Canker Fusarium sp.

1 Girdling Roots

4 Insects


2 Lichens

1 Mites


1 Oak Mistletoe Phoradendron leucarpum

1 Phomopsis Dieback Phomopsis sp.

6 Purple-eye Leaf Spot Phyllosticta minima





2 Suspect Purple-eye Leaf Spot Phyllosticta minima

1 Winter Injury

1 Wood Decay

3 Zonate Leaf Spot Cristulariella pyramidalis

51

1 Suspect Mimosa Wilt Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. perniciosum

1

Maple

Total for Maple

Mimosa

Total for Mimosa

29

4 Abiotic Problem1 Anthracnose Apiognomonia errabunda

12 Bacterial Scorch Xylella fastidiosa2 Bacterial Wetwood1 Botryosphaeria Twig Canker Botryosphaeria quercuum1 Canker (Unidentified Fungus)3 Chemical Injury1 Hispidus Canker Inonotus hispidus2 Insect Galls4 Insects5 Insufficient Sample2 Mites2 No Pathogens Found5 Oak Leaf Button Galls1 Pestalotia Pestalotia sp.1 Phytophthora Root Rot Phytophthora cinnamomi1 Powdery Mildew Oidium sp.1 Saprophytic Fungus1 Squirrel Twig Pruning2 Suspect Abiotic Problem2 Suspect Chemical Injury1 Suspect Cold Injury1 Suspect Cultural Problem6 Tubakia Leaf Spot Tubakia dryina1 Wood Decay

63

2 Abiotic Problem1 Beetles4 Cercospora Leaf Spot Pseudocercospora (Cercospora) circum

1 No Pathogens Found1 Scorch1 Sooty Mold Scorias spongiosa1 Stem Girdling Roots

11

1 Chemical Injury1 Pear Leaf Blister Mites1 Sapsucker Injury1 Suspect Wood Decay4

Total for Oak

Ornamental Cherry

Total for Ornamental Cherry

Oak

Ornamental Pear

Total for Ornamental Pear

30

1 Abiotic Problem1 Cultural Problem1 Diplodia Tip Blight Diplodia pinea1 Dothistroma Needle Blight Dothistroma pini2 Insufficient Sample4 No Pathogens Found1 Pales Weevils1 Seasonal Needle Drop1 Suspect Blue Stain Fungus3 Suspect Environmental Stress2 White Pine Weevils

18

1 Black Knot Dibotryon morbosum1

1 Abiotic Problem1 Sapsucker Injury2

1 Abiotic Problem1 Botrytis Blight Botrytis sp.2 Eriophyid Mites1 Insects1 Insufficient Sample4 Mites1 No Pathogens Found1 Suspect Wood Decay

12

1 Septoria Leaf Spot Septoria sp.1 Suspect Vole Injury2

1 Chemical Injury1 Powdery Mildew Oidium sp.1 Rust Gymnosporangium sp.3

Sassafras

Total for Sassafras

Serviceberry

Total for Serviceberry

Total for Redbud

Ornamental Plum

Total for Plum

Poplar

Total for Pine

Total for Poplar

Redbud

Pine

31

1 Bagworms



3 Mites


11 Rhizosphaera Needle Cast Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii

1 Stigmina Needle Cast Stigmina lautii

2 Weevils

25

1 Bacterial Scorch Xylella fastidiosa


1 Suspect Anthracnose Gnomonia platani

1 Suspect Bacterial Scorch Xylella fastidiosa

4

1 Chemical Injury

1

1 Chemical Injury

1

1 Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora salicina

1 Cytospora Canker Cytospora sp.

1 Scales

1 Wood Decay

4


1


1

Total for Sycamore

Trees, Miscellaneous

Total for Trees, Miscellaneous

Spruce

Total for Spruce

Sycamore

Yellowwood

Total for Yellowwood

Zelkova

Tulip Tree

Total for Tulip Tree

Willow

Total for Willow

Total for Zelkova

32

3 Cyanobacteria



9

6 Brown Patch Rhizoctonia solani

1 Helminthosporium Blight Drechslera dictyoides


1 Mites

1 Nimblewill Encroachment Muhlenbergia schreberi


1 Roughstalk Bluegrass Encroachment Poa trivialis

1 Suspect Brown Patch Rhizoctonia solani



1 Suspect Excess Soil Moisture

1 Suspect Grubs

1 Weed Encroachment Poa sp.

20



2


2

1 Abiotic Problem

2 Algae

2 Brown Patch Rhizoctonia solani



2 Low pH



1 Weed Encroachment

14

Fescue

Total for Fescue

Ryegrass

Total for Ryegrass

Turf

Bentgrass

Total for Bentgrass

Total for Turfgrass

St. Augustinegrass

Total for St. Augustinegrass

Turfgrass

33

1 Large Patch Rhizoctonia solani

1 Low pH


1 Weed Encroachment

4

Zoysia

Total for Zoysia

34

1 Cercospora Branchlet and Leaf Spot Cercospora asparagi

1 Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Fusarium oxysporum

2

1 Abiotic Problem

2 Downy Mildew Peronospora belbahrii

1 Fusarium Wilt Fusarium oxysporum

4

Cercospora sp.

Xanthomonas campestris

Fusarium solani

Pythium sp.

1 Beetles

1 Cercospora Leaf Spot and Blotch

1 Common Bacterial Blight

1 Fusarium Root Rot


2 Mites

1 Pythium Root Rot

1 Rhizoctonia Stem and Root Rot Rhizoctonia solani

9

1 Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora beticola

1 Heart Rot (Boron Deficiency)

2

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Low pH

1 Wirestem Rhizoctonia solani

3

1 Alternaria Leaf Spot Alternaria alternata



3

1 Black Leaf Spot Alternaria brassicicola

1

Basil

Total for Basil

Bean

Vegetables and Herbs

Asparagus

Total for Asparagus

Cabbage

Total for Cabbage

Cantaloupe

Total for Cantaloupe

Total for Bean

Beet

Total for Beet

Cauliflower

Total for Cauliflower

35

1 Insects1

2 Anthracnose Colletotrichum lagenarium1 Downy Mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis1 Fusarium Foot Rot Fusarium solani1 Insufficient Sample1 Lack of Pollination1 No Pathogens Found1 Powdery Mildew Golovinomyces cichoracearum1 Suspect Cultural Problem9

1 Excess Soluble Salts1

1 Foliar Nematodes Aphelenchoides sp.1

1 Cultural Problem1 Insects2

1 Cultural Problem1 High Soluble Salts1 Physiological Problem3

1 Alternaria Leaf Spot Alternaria alternata2 Cucumber Beetles1 No Pathogens Found4

Ginseng

Total for Ginseng

Total for Collards

Cucumber

Total for Cucumber

Collards

Melon

Total for Melon

Lettuce

Total for Lettuce

Ginger

Total for Ginger

Kale

Total for Kale

36

1 Web Blight Rhizoctonia solani

1

1 Fusarium Root Rot Fusarium solani


2

3 Bacterial Spot Xanthomonas campestris

1 Fertilizer Burn




1 Stinkbugs


1 Suspect Sunscald

1 Thrips

11

1 Common Scab Streptomyces scabies

1

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Bacterial Wilt Erwinia tracheiphila

1 Fusarium Fruit Rot Fusarium sp.

1 Powdery Mildew Sphaerotheca fuliginea

1 Suspect Nitrogen Deficiency

5

1 Bacterial Crown and Stem Rot Pectobacterium sp.1

1 High Soluble Salts

1

1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Pseudomonas syringae

1

Oregano

Total for Oregano

Total for Pepper

Potato

Total for Potato

Pea

Total for Pea

Pepper

Rosemary

Total for Rosemary

Sage

Pumpkin

Total for Pumpkin

Rhubarb

Total for Rhubarb

Total for Sage

37


1 Cultural Problem

1 Downy Mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis

1 Measles

1 Plectosporium Blight Plectosphaerella cucumerinum

1 Squash Bugs

6

1 Cultural Problem

1 Genetic Trait


1 Northern Corn Leaf Blight Setosphaeria turcica

4

1 Insects


2

1 Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Fusarium sp.

1

Sweet Corn

Total for Sweet Corn

Swiss Chard

Total for Swiss Chard

Squash

Total for Squash

Tarragon

Total for Tarragon

38

2 Abiotic Problem

1 Alternaria Stem Canker Alternaria alternata

1 Bacterial Spot Xanthomonas campestris

3 Bacterial Wilt Ralstonia solanacearum

1 Beetles

1 Blossom Drop

4 Chemical Injury

1 Cold Injury

1 Early Blight Alternaria solani

1 Ethylene Injury

1 Fertilizer Burn

6 Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Fusarium oxysporum

4 Fusarium Wilt Fusarium oxysporum

1 High Soluble Salts


1 Leaf Mold Fulvia fulva

1 Low pH

1 Mites

3 No Disease Found

1 Physiological Spotting

1 Root Knot Nematodes Meloidogyne incognita

5 Septoria Leaf Spot Septoria lycopersici



2 Suspect Nutrient Deficiency

1 Suspect Nutrient Imbalance

3 Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

58

1 Bird's Nest Fungus Cyathus sp.


2

2 Low pH


3

1 Blossom End Rot

1 Insects

1 Plectosporium Blight Plectosphaerella cucumerinum

3

Total for Tomato

Vegetables, Miscellaneous

Total for Vegetables, Miscellaneous

Tomato

Watermelon

Total for Watermelon

Zucchini

Total for Zucchini

39


2

Weeds

Weed

Total for Weed

40

2 Cold Injury1 Scales1 Suspect Cold Injury1 Winter Injury5

1 High pH1 Insufficient Sample2 Lacebugs2 Leaf and Flower Gall Exobasidium vaccinii1 Lichens3 No Pathogens Found1 Suspect Environmental Stress

11

1 Environmental Stress1 Webworms2

1 Suspect Chemical Injury1

Total for Barberry

Bluebeard

Total for Bluebeard

Azalea

Total for Azalea

Barberry

Aucuba

Total for Aucuba

Woody Ornamentals

41

6 Abiotic Problem

188 Boxwood Blight

1 Cold Injury

5 Colletotrichum Dieback

1 Deep Planting

6 English Boxwood Decline


2 Insects


22 Leafminers

1 Lesion Nematodes

5 Lichens

32 Macrophoma Leaf Spot

50 Mites

17 Nematodes


1 Normal Condition

9 Phytophthora Root Rot

7 Possible Nematode Problem

4 Psyllids

1 Ring Nematodes

2 Scales

2 Spiral Nematodes

3 Suspect Boxwood Blight




1 Suspect Vole Injury


113 Volutella Blight

Calonectria pseudonaviculata

Colletotrichum sp.

Paecilomyces buxi

Pratylenchus sp. Macrophoma

candollei

Phytophthora nicotianae

Mesocriconema sp.

Rotylenchus buxophilus

Calonectria pseudonaviculata

Volutella buxi

1 Winter Injury


521

1 Downy Mildew Peronospora harrotii

1 Mites

2

Boxwood

Total for Boxwood

Butterfly Bush

Total for Butterfly Bush

42

1 Abiotic Problem

2 Brown Blight Colletotrichum sp.

2 Eriophyid Mites

2 Gray Blight Pestalotiopsis maculans

1 Insects


1 Mites

1 Normal Condition

1 Sapsucker Injury

1 Scales

1 Winter Injury

14

5 Black Vine Weevils

2 Botryosphaeria Dieback Botryosphaeria dothidea

1 Cultural Problem

1 Insufficient Information


2 Mites


2 Scales

10 Shothole

1 Sunscald


1 Suspect Mycosphaerella Leaf Spot Mycosphaerella sp.

28


1

1 Scales

1

Camellia

Total for Camellia

Cherrylaurel

Cotoneaster

Total for Cotoneaster

Total for Cherrylaurel

Cleyera

Total for Cleyera

43

1 Abiotic Problem1 Aphids1 Cause of Problem Undetermined2 Insects2 Lichens1 Phomopsis Canker Phomopsis sp.1 Scales4 Sooty Mold1 Winter Injury

14

1 Anthracnose Colletotrichum trichellum1


1 Eastern Filbert Blight Anisogramma anomala1

1 Botryosphaeria Dieback Botryosphaeria sp.1 Suspect Cedar-Quince Rust Gymnosporangium clavipes2

1 Wood Decay1

Forsythia

Total for Forsythia

Filbert

Total for Filbert

Flowering Quince

Total for Flowering Quince

Total for English Ivy

Euonymus

Total for Euonymus

English Ivy

Crape Myrtle

Total for Crape Myrtle

44

1 Cold Injury

1 Insects


1 Mites

1 Phoma Leaf Spot Phoma sp.

1 Sooty Mold


1 Whiteflies

8

1 Web Blight Rhizoctonia solani

1

1 Insects

1

2 Anthracnose Glomerella sp.

33 Black Root Rot Thielaviopsis basicola


1 Insects




1 Poor Drainage

4 Scales





1 Suspect Poor Drainage


1 Suspect Wood Decay

1 Thread Blight Ceratobasidium ochroleucum

3 Winter Injury

70

Gardenia

Hibiscus

Total for Hibiscus

Holly

Total for Holly

Total for Gardenia

Heather

Total for Heather

45

1 Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp.1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Xanthomonas campestris1 Botrytis Blight Botrytis cinerea1 Cercospora Leaf Spot Cercospora hydrangeae1 Chemical Injury3 Corynespora Leaf Spot Corynespora sp.1 Cultural Problem1 Insufficient Sample2 Phytophthora Root Rot Phytophthora cinnamomi1 Suspect Environmental Stress

13

1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Burkholderia andropogonis1 Bacterial Leaf Spot Burkholderia gladioli1 Pythium Root Rot Pythium sp.3

1 Entomosporium Leaf Spot Entomosporium mespili1 Suspect Entomosporium Leaf Spot Entomosporium mespili2

1 Abiotic Problem1 Botryosphaeria Dieback Botryosphaeria sp.1 Cedar-Quince Rust Gymnosporangium clavipes4 Insufficient Sample7 Mites4 No Pathogens Found2 Phomopsis Tip Blight Phomopsis juniperovora

20

1 Fungal Leaf Spot (Unidentified Pathogen) 2 Insufficient Sample1 Powdery Mildew Microsphaera pencillata4

1 Insects1

Total for Hypericum

Indian Hawthorn

Total for Indian Hawthorn

Hydrangea

Total for Hydrangea

Hypericum

Linden

Total for Linden

Juniper

Total for Juniper

Lilac

Total for Lilac

46



2

1 Mites


2

1 Abiotic Problem

1


1 Powdery Mildew Oidium sp.

2

1 Anthracnose Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

3 Entomosporium Leaf Spot Entomosporium mespili

4

1 Chemical Injury

1 Mites

2


1 Phomopsis Canker Phomopsis sp.

1 Scales

3

2 Chemical Injury

2

1 Abiotic Problem

1 Alternaria Leaf Spot Alternaria alternata




6

Mahonia

Nandina

Total for Nandina

Ninebark

Total for Ninebark

Total for Mahonia

Mountain Laurel

Total for Mountain Laurel

Total for Pieris

Pittosporum

Total for Pittosporum

Photinia

Total for Photinia

Pieris

Plants, Miscellaneous

Total for Plants, Miscellaneous

Privet

Total for Privet

47


1

1 Insects

1

1 Abiotic Problem




1 Pestalotia Leaf Spot Pestalotia sp.


1 Rootbound

10

1 Black Spot Diplocarpon rosae


1 Brown Canker Cryptosporella umbrina

1 Common Canker Coniothyrium fuckelii

1 Cultural Problem

1 Do Not Suspect Rose Rosette Virus

1 Eriophyid Mites

2 Insects


3 Mites


1 Normal Condition

1 Rose Mosaic Virus

7 Rose Rosette Virus


1 Suspect Botrytis Blight Botrytis cinerea


1 Suspect Crown Gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2 Suspect Rose Rosette Disease

2 Thrips

36


1

Quince

Total for Quince

Redbay

Rose

Total for Rose

Russian Arborvitae

Total for Russian Arborvitae

Total for Redbay

Rhododendron

Total for Rhododendron

48

2 Mites

2 Volutella Blight Volutella sp.

4


1



3



2

1 Chemical Injury

1


1

1 Artillery Fungus Sphaerobolus stellatus



2 Scales



8

1 Insects


2

1 Botryosphaeria Canker Botryosphaeria dothidea

1

Total for Snowball Bush

Spicebush

Total for Spicebush

Sarcococca

Total for Sarcococca

Snowball Bush

Sweetspire

Total for Sweetspire

Viburnum

Spirea

Total for Spirea

Stewartia

Total for Stewartia

Willow

Total for Willow

Total for Viburnum

Weigela

Total for Weigela

49

1 Abiotic Problem

1


1 Plant Bugs

2

Yucca

Total for Yucca

Yew

Total for Yew

50

1. Plants

Winged Sumac

Angelica

Spreading Euonymus

Family: Anacardiaceae Rhus copallinum

Family: ApiaceaeAngelica sp.

Family: CelastraceaeEuonymus kiautschovicus

Family: EquisetaceaeEquisetum hyemale Scouringrush Horsetail

2. Fungi

Stinkhorn

Hysterangium

Family: GastromycetesPhallus impudicus

Family: Hysterangiaceae Hysterangium sp.

Family: NidulariaceaeCyathus sp. Bird's Nest Fungus

Family: PolyporaceaeDaedaleopsis sp. Polypore

RussulaFamily: Russulaceae

Russula sp.

Family: TricholomataceaeTricholoma sp. Tricholoma

Unable to Identify (1)

3. Other

Unable to Identify (2)

Identification Appendix

51

the plant disease clinic and weed identification lab ... · weed identification lab annual report...

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