The Plant Kingdom

Learning Learning GoalGoal

Understand the characteristics of Understand the characteristics of plantsplants

Determine the difference Determine the difference between coniferous and between coniferous and deciduous trees.deciduous trees.

Seeds contain new plantsSeeds contain new plants A seed is the start of a A seed is the start of a

new plantnew plant The have different The have different

shapes, sizes and colorsshapes, sizes and colors Flowers make seedsFlowers make seeds Covered in a seed coat to Covered in a seed coat to

protect and keeps tiny protect and keeps tiny leaves and root insideleaves and root inside

Contains food for the Contains food for the new plantnew plant

seeds travelseeds travel seeds stick to socksseeds stick to socks stick to animal furstick to animal fur seeds blow in the windseeds blow in the wind

seeds to grow need:seeds to grow need: SoilSoil WaterWater SunlightSunlight Seeds are planted to Seeds are planted to

grow in the gardensgrow in the gardens

Stage 1Stage 1 Germ grows inside seedGerm grows inside seed

Stage 2Stage 2 Plant shoots up from Plant shoots up from

germgerm Roots develop down Roots develop down

from germfrom germ Stage 3Stage 3

Leaves developLeaves develop Roots growRoots grow

Plants’ StagesPlants’ Stages

Stage 4Stage 4 Flower buds growFlower buds grow

Stage 5Stage 5 Full-grown plantFull-grown plant

Leaves, stems, Leaves, stems, flowers and rootsflowers and roots

Plant PartsPlant Parts StemsStems

Have little tubes that carry Have little tubes that carry water and food to the rest of water and food to the rest of the plantthe plant

Hold up leaves and flowers of Hold up leaves and flowers of the plantthe plant

Grass, flowers, and vines Grass, flowers, and vines have soft stemshave soft stems

RootsRoots Collect water and minerals Collect water and minerals

for the plantfor the plant They hold the plant in the They hold the plant in the

groundground Some plants store food in the Some plants store food in the

rootsroots

LeavesLeaves Make food for the plantMake food for the plant Green leaves + air + sunlight = plant foodGreen leaves + air + sunlight = plant food

FlowersFlowersFlowers are many sizes, colors, and Flowers are many sizes, colors, and shapesshapesMake seedsMake seedsThe seeds grow into new plantsThe seeds grow into new plants

Kinds of PlantsKinds of Plants

There are There are trees.trees. Parts of the treeParts of the tree

RootsRoots Trunk (is the tree’s stem)Trunk (is the tree’s stem) BranchBranch LeavesLeaves FruitFruit

There are There are flowers.flowers. There are There are bushes.bushes.

Parts of the plants that we can eatParts of the plants that we can eat

SeedsSeeds CornCorn

RootsRoots PotatoesPotatoes CarrotsCarrots

LeavesLeaves LettuceLettuce SpinachSpinach

StemStem celerycelery

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How Does A Tree Get Its How Does A Tree Get Its Name?Name?

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ClassificationClassification

Classification is the grouping of things Classification is the grouping of things according to how they are alike or different.according to how they are alike or different.

We group things everyday. We group things everyday.

Grouping things makes it easier to remember.Grouping things makes it easier to remember.

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Did You Know A Tree Has A Did You Know A Tree Has A Name?Name?

Scientist give trees their very own Scientist give trees their very own two-part scientific name.two-part scientific name.

They are given a genus name and They are given a genus name and a species name.a species name.

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The Genus NameThe Genus Name

The Genus name tells what family they belong The Genus name tells what family they belong to.to.

Just like your last name tells us what family Just like your last name tells us what family you belong to.you belong to.

The Genus name always starts with a Capital The Genus name always starts with a Capital Letter.Letter.

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The Species NameThe Species Name

The Species Name is the individual name.The Species Name is the individual name.

Just like your first name tells us who you are in Just like your first name tells us who you are in your family. your family.

It always starts with a small letter.It always starts with a small letter.

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How Do I Know It’s A How Do I Know It’s A Scientific Name?Scientific Name?

Scientists use a special type of writing. Both Scientists use a special type of writing. Both names are always written in names are always written in italics.italics.

Quercus virginianaQuercus virginiana

Oak Tree-Common NameOak Tree-Common Name

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A Key to Common Trees In A Key to Common Trees In OntarioOntario

We use the leaf, seed and bark as the primary We use the leaf, seed and bark as the primary

features to identify trees.features to identify trees.

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Let’s Look At A Tree’s Let’s Look At A Tree’s ShapeShape

There are 3 basic types of trees.There are 3 basic types of trees. It is useful to look at the general shape of the It is useful to look at the general shape of the

tree as a starting point to identify the type of tree as a starting point to identify the type of tree you are looking at. tree you are looking at.

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Three Basic Groups of Three Basic Groups of TreesTrees

palms, coniferous, and deciduous.palms, coniferous, and deciduous.

2020

No leaves, Oh No!No leaves, Oh No!Coniferous trees have leaves that are different from a Deciduous tree. They have seeds in cones. They do not lose their leaves in the autumn.  They stay green year round.

They have needles and scales instead.

The needles and scales are sticky and have a scent. Don’t eat them because they are poisonous!

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Is it a CONIFER or a DECIDUOUS Is it a CONIFER or a DECIDUOUS tree?tree?

CONIFERSCONIFERS are trees & shrubs with needles: pine, are trees & shrubs with needles: pine, spruce, fir, cedar, juniper, and tamarack. They retain spruce, fir, cedar, juniper, and tamarack. They retain their needles year-round (except for Tamarack). their needles year-round (except for Tamarack).

DECIDUOUSDECIDUOUS trees & shrubs are all others. The trees & shrubs are all others. The leaves of DECIDUOUS trees & shrubs die every leaves of DECIDUOUS trees & shrubs die every autumn and are usually shed (some species retain autumn and are usually shed (some species retain some or all of their dead leaves until the following some or all of their dead leaves until the following spring). spring).

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Deciduous TreesDeciduous Trees

Deciduous trees shed their leaves in the Deciduous trees shed their leaves in the autumn.  Many deciduous trees are autumn.  Many deciduous trees are broad-broad-leaved treesleaved trees. Broad-leaved trees have broad, . Broad-leaved trees have broad, flat leaves.flat leaves.

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Did you know that????  Did you know that????   There are four main forest There are four main forest regionsregions in Ontario: Boreal, Boreal Barrens, Great Lakes St. in Ontario: Boreal, Boreal Barrens, Great Lakes St.

Lawrence and Carolinian. Lawrence and Carolinian. 58.0 million hectares of forested land out of a total 106.8 million hectares of land and 58.0 million hectares of forested land out of a total 106.8 million hectares of land and

water. water. 88% of the inventoried, productive forest land is publicly owned; 11% is private land, 88% of the inventoried, productive forest land is publicly owned; 11% is private land,

one-half of which is in northern Ontario, and the remaining 1% is federal land. one-half of which is in northern Ontario, and the remaining 1% is federal land. There are about a quarter of a million lakes, thousands of rivers and streams, and large There are about a quarter of a million lakes, thousands of rivers and streams, and large

portions of the Great Lakes, which hold nearly 20% of the world's fresh water. portions of the Great Lakes, which hold nearly 20% of the world's fresh water. Approximately one-half of the people directly and indirectly dependent on the forest Approximately one-half of the people directly and indirectly dependent on the forest industry live in southern Ontario. industry live in southern Ontario.

Ontario's forests are home to over 3, 600 species of plants and animals, of which 21 Ontario's forests are home to over 3, 600 species of plants and animals, of which 21 plants and 9 animals are considered endangered or threatened. plants and 9 animals are considered endangered or threatened.

About 40% of the species at risk in Canada occurs in this province, and the majority of About 40% of the species at risk in Canada occurs in this province, and the majority of those are from southern Ontario. those are from southern Ontario.

Ontario's forests and waters are the main recreational areas for both residents and Ontario's forests and waters are the main recreational areas for both residents and tourists. tourists.

Ontario's forest industry produces $11 billion worth of products that contribute over $2 Ontario's forest industry produces $11 billion worth of products that contribute over $2 billion to Ontario's balance of trade or $200 for every person annually. billion to Ontario's balance of trade or $200 for every person annually.

The recreational fisheries on Ontario waters provide more than $2.3 billion in added The recreational fisheries on Ontario waters provide more than $2.3 billion in added value to the economy. value to the economy.

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ABSORBING POLLUTANTS ABSORBING POLLUTANTS Trees keep our air supply fresh by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen Trees keep our air supply fresh by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen In one year, a single tree can absorb as much carbon as is produced by a car driven 26, 000 In one year, a single tree can absorb as much carbon as is produced by a car driven 26, 000

miles miles Trees provide shade and shelter, reducing yearly heating and cooling costs by $2.1 billion Trees provide shade and shelter, reducing yearly heating and cooling costs by $2.1 billion Trees lower air temperature by evaporating water into their leaves Trees lower air temperature by evaporating water into their leaves The average tree in the metropolitan area survives only eight years The average tree in the metropolitan area survives only eight years A tree does not reach its most productive stage of carbon storage for about ten years A tree does not reach its most productive stage of carbon storage for about ten years Trees cut down noise pollution by acting as sound barriers Trees cut down noise pollution by acting as sound barriers Tree roots stabilize the soil and prevent erosion Tree roots stabilize the soil and prevent erosion Trees improve water quality by slowing and filtering rain water as well as reduce storm run Trees improve water quality by slowing and filtering rain water as well as reduce storm run

off and the possibility of flooding off and the possibility of flooding Trees provide food and shelter for wildlife Trees provide food and shelter for wildlife Trees located along the streets act as a glare and reflection control Trees located along the streets act as a glare and reflection control The death of one 70 year old tree would return over three tons of carbon to the atmosphere The death of one 70 year old tree would return over three tons of carbon to the atmosphere Trees renew our air supply by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen Trees renew our air supply by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen Two mature trees can provide enough oxygen for a family of four Two mature trees can provide enough oxygen for a family of four One tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each year One tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each year One acre of trees removes up to 2.6 tons of carbon dioxide each year One acre of trees removes up to 2.6 tons of carbon dioxide each year Shade trees can make buildings up to twenty degrees cooler in the summer Shade trees can make buildings up to twenty degrees cooler in the summer

Deciduous or ConiferousDeciduous or Coniferous

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MapleMaple

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CedarCedar

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OakOak

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Red PineRed Pine

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AshAsh

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LarchLarch

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HemlockHemlock

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PoplarPoplar

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hc2i0mAu1sohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hc2i0mAu1so