The Present Subjunctive

The Indicative is the form of the verb that we use to state facts.

Yo estoy en la clase.

All the verb tenses we have studied are all indicative.

The preterit Yo estuve en la clase.

The imperfect Yo estaba en la clase.

The future Yo estaré en la clase.

The Subjunctive is the form of the verbthat shows doubt, denial, uncertainty, emotions or commands.

Commands are one of the uses of theSubunctive.

Coman Uds. las hamburguesas y papasFritas en la cocina.

To form the present subjunctive of regular verbs:

Stem + Present Subjunctive Ending

AR Verb endingsyo- e nosotros- emostú- es Uds.,ellosél, ella Ud.- e ellas- en

Comprar yo compre nosotros compremostú compres ellos comprenella compre

Er/ir verbsyo- a nosotros-amostú- as Uds.,ellosél, ella, Ud.,- a ellas- an

Comeryo coma nosotros comamostú comas ellos comanél coma

Irregular Verbs in the Subjunctive

a. “go verbs”- yo form ends in “go” for all the listed verbs.

(tener, salir, traer, oir, venir, decir, poner, valer, hacer)

Take off the “o” and add the appropriate er/ir subjunctive ending.

Tener => tengo => teng + subjunctive ending

b. “zco” verbsconocer, parecer, traducir, conducir

conocer => conozco=>conozc + subj. ending

(same procedure as “go verbs)

c. “yo” verbs

construir, influir, huir, concluir

construir => construyo=> construy + subj ending

d. the 4 irregular verbs

ser- sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean

saber- sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan

ir- vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan

haber- haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayan