the presidency basics basics careful balance careful balance effective, not dangerous effective, not...

THE PRESIDENCYTHE PRESIDENCY Basics Basics

Careful balanceCareful balance Effective, not dangerousEffective, not dangerous Four year termFour year term Powers shared with congressPowers shared with congress No change of salary during term No change of salary during term

QualificationsQualifications 35 years old35 years old 14 years a U.S. resident14 years a U.S. resident Natural born citizenNatural born citizen

THE PRESIDENCYTHE PRESIDENCY

TermTerm 4 years4 years Tradition of two termsTradition of two terms 22nd Amendment (1951)22nd Amendment (1951)

Not elected more than twiceNot elected more than twice Only once if served two or more Only once if served two or more

years of another’syears of another’s


SuccessionSuccession Vice President takes over on death, Vice President takes over on death,

resignation, removal, inabilityresignation, removal, inability Replacement of Vice PresidentReplacement of Vice President

President nominatesPresident nominates Senate ratifiesSenate ratifies

Congress determines successionCongress determines succession Speaker of HouseSpeaker of House President pro tempore of SenatePresident pro tempore of Senate Cabinet officers--Secretary of State Cabinet officers--Secretary of State

1st1st If disagreement--congress decidesIf disagreement--congress decides


Who determines inability--25th Amendment (1967)Who determines inability--25th Amendment (1967) President send letter to congress declaring his President send letter to congress declaring his

disabilitydisability VP and Cabinet send letter to congress declaring VP and Cabinet send letter to congress declaring

his disabilityhis disability Congress decidesCongress decides


Presidency—Presidency—Constitutional PowersConstitutional Powers

Commander in ChiefCommander in Chief Commit troopsCommit troops Choose military leadersChoose military leaders

PardonsPardons TreatiesTreaties


Nominate ambassadors, Supreme Court Nominate ambassadors, Supreme Court justices, other officersjustices, other officers

Recommend measures to congressRecommend measures to congress ““Take care that all laws be faithfully Take care that all laws be faithfully

executed”executed”


Veto (Article 1, Sec. 7)Veto (Article 1, Sec. 7) Bills become law if not signed in 10 daysBills become law if not signed in 10 days Veto can be overturned by 2/3 of both housesVeto can be overturned by 2/3 of both houses Pocket veto--if not signed and congress Pocket veto--if not signed and congress

adjourns in < 10 daysadjourns in < 10 days

Powers of the Presidency (cont.)Powers of the Presidency (cont.)

Numbers of vetoesNumbers of vetoes 1450 regular vetoes and 1050 pocket vetoes1450 regular vetoes and 1050 pocket vetoes 100 overturned--none until 1841100 overturned--none until 1841

No line item vetoNo line item veto

Powers of the Presidency (cont.)Powers of the Presidency (cont.)

The Presidency (cont.)The Presidency (cont.) Presidency has proved to be stronger than expectedPresidency has proved to be stronger than expected

Why?Why? Executive OrdersExecutive Orders Crisis--Roosevelt Crisis--Roosevelt PersonalityPersonality

Kennedy/ReaganKennedy/Reagan ““a bully pulpit”a bully pulpit”

JohnsonJohnson Arm twisting Arm twisting

BEST PRESIDENTSBEST PRESIDENTSLincoln 1 F. D Roosevelt 2 Washington 3 T Roosevelt 4 Truman 5 Wilson 6 Jefferson 7 Kennedy 8 Eisenhower 9 Johnson 10 Reagan 11 Polk 12 Jackson 13

Monroe 14 McKinley 15 John Adams 16 Cleveland 17 Madison 18 John Q Adams 19 George Bush Sr. 20 Clinton 21 Carter 22 Ford 23 Taft 24 Nixon 25 Hayes 26

Coolidge 27 Taylor 28 Garfield 29 Van Buren 30 Benjamin Harrison 31 Arthur 32 Grant 33 Hoover 34 Fillmore 35 Tyler 36 William Harrison 37 Harding 38 Pierce 39

George W. Bush and Barok Obama?

Removal from officeRemoval from office Sec 4--For treason, bribery, high crimes and Sec 4--For treason, bribery, high crimes and

misdemeanorsmisdemeanors House--power to impeachHouse--power to impeach Senate--trial and removal Senate--trial and removal

The Presidency (cont.)The Presidency (cont.)

Use of the processUse of the process Andrew JohnsonAndrew Johnson

Reconstruction conflictsReconstruction conflicts One vote short in SenateOne vote short in Senate Precedent--not for political reasonsPrecedent--not for political reasons


Richard NixonRichard Nixon Obstruction of justice Obstruction of justice

Discourage FBIDiscourage FBI Shred evidenceShred evidence Hush moneyHush money

THE QuestionTHE Question What did president know & when?What did president know & when? Nixon tapesNixon tapes Deep ThroatDeep Throat

Judiciary Com. voted to impeachJudiciary Com. voted to impeach Nixon resignation on Aug. 9, 1974Nixon resignation on Aug. 9, 1974


WILLIAM JEFFERSON CLINTONWILLIAM JEFFERSON CLINTON

Paula JonesPaula Jones Monica LewinskiMonica Lewinski

DenialDenial ChargesCharges

Perjury (What is is?)Perjury (What is is?) Obstruction of justiceObstruction of justice

CHRONOLOGY OF THE CLINTON SAGA

Nov 1995Nov 1995 Lewinsky and President Bill Clinton begin a sexual relationshipLewinsky and President Bill Clinton begin a sexual relationship

Fall 1997Fall 1997 Pentagon co-worker Linda Tripp begins taping conversations in which Pentagon co-worker Linda Tripp begins taping conversations in which Lewinsky details her alleged affair with the president. Lewinsky details her alleged affair with the president.

Jan. 1998: Jan. 1998: Lewinsky files affidavit in the Paula Jones case (suit against the Lewinsky files affidavit in the Paula Jones case (suit against the president for sexual harassment) denying ever having a sexual president for sexual harassment) denying ever having a sexual relationship with Clinton. relationship with Clinton.

Jan. 1998Jan. 1998 Clinton gives deposition in Jones lawsuit and denies having a sexual Clinton gives deposition in Jones lawsuit and denies having a sexual relationship with Lewinsky.relationship with Lewinsky.

Jan. 1998Jan. 1998 On TV, Clinton forcefully repeats his denial, saying, "I did not have sexual On TV, Clinton forcefully repeats his denial, saying, "I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky."relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky."

July 1998 July 1998 Lewinsky granted full immunity in return for her testimony. Lewinsky Lewinsky granted full immunity in return for her testimony. Lewinsky gives prosecutors a dress that contains evidence of sexual relationshipgives prosecutors a dress that contains evidence of sexual relationship

Aug. 1998 Aug. 1998 President Clinton becomes the first sitting president to testify before a President Clinton becomes the first sitting president to testify before a grand jury investigating his conduct. Later he goes on national TV to grand jury investigating his conduct. Later he goes on national TV to admit he had an inappropriate relationship with Monica Lewinsky. admit he had an inappropriate relationship with Monica Lewinsky.

Oct.1998Oct.1998 House Judiciary Committee begins impeachment hearingsHouse Judiciary Committee begins impeachment hearings

Dec. 1998Dec. 1998 House approves two articles of impeachmentHouse approves two articles of impeachment

J/F 1999J/F 1999 Senate holds trial and votes to acquit Senate holds trial and votes to acquit

Definition of Sexual Relations Used in Paula Jones Case

For the purposes of this deposition, a person engages in sexual For the purposes of this deposition, a person engages in sexual relations when the person knowingly engages in or causes–relations when the person knowingly engages in or causes–

(1) contact with the genitalia, anus, groin, breast, inner thigh, or (1) contact with the genitalia, anus, groin, breast, inner thigh, or buttocks of any person with an intent to arouse or gratify the sexual buttocks of any person with an intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any persondesire of any person

(2) contact between any part of the person’s body or an object and (2) contact between any part of the person’s body or an object and the genitals or anus of another person orthe genitals or anus of another person or

(3) contact between the genitals or anus of the person and any part (3) contact between the genitals or anus of the person and any part of another person’s body.of another person’s body.

““Contact” means intentional touching, either directly or through Contact” means intentional touching, either directly or through clothing.clothing.

CLINTON’S GRAND JURY TESTIMONYAug 17, 1998

Initial StatementInitial Statement

These encounters did not consist of sexual intercourse. These encounters did not consist of sexual intercourse. They did not constitute sexual relations as I understood They did not constitute sexual relations as I understood that term to be defined in my January 17 1998 that term to be defined in my January 17 1998 deposition. deposition.

But they did involve inappropriate intimate contact. But they did involve inappropriate intimate contact.

This is all I will say about the specifics of these particular This is all I will say about the specifics of these particular matters. matters.

Review: Review: Constitutional offensesConstitutional offenses TreasonTreason BriberyBribery High crimes and misdemeanorsHigh crimes and misdemeanors


House Impeachment House Impeachment Senate Trial and acquittalSenate Trial and acquittal


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