the production and quality of pasture which introduce of...

The Production and Quality of Pasture which is Introduced with Legume

for Dairy Goat

Karti, P.D.M.H., L. Abdullah, D.A. Astuti,.,

N. Kurniaty, & Nissa

Faculty of Animal Science,

Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java. 16680. Indonesia

[email protected]

The first Asia Dairy Goat Conference. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (9-12 April 2012)

Introduction Potential benefit of pasture which is introduce with legume are : 1. legume fix atmospheric nitrogen 2. legumes are generally of higher quality than grasses 3. legume help to stabilize the uniformity of pasture.


Excellent quality of forages could get the best milk production of goats. Feeding of legume forage species will increase compliance the protein need of dairy goats


Mineral uptake such as N, P, Ca can increase the quality of forage (Karti, 2010). There is a problem in pasture research unit consists of a single type of grass (Brachiaria humidicola)

The purpose of this research is to study the introduction of legume on

Brachiaria humidicola pasture for diary goat


The materials used were pasture of B humidicola, three kinds of legumes, i.e. Pueraria javanica, Centrosema pubescens and Calopogonium mucunoides, NPK fertilizer, manure and Soil Potential Microorganism. Their was obtained from Agrostology Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University. The experiment used block randomized design with eight (8) treatmens and four (4) replications.

Material and Method

Material

BACK

The treatments were : P1: Control (Pasture of Brachiaria humidicola), P2: Pasture is introduced with Pueraria javanica, Centrosema pubescens and Calopogonium mucunoides and fertilized with NPK), P3: Pasture is introduced with P. javanica, P4: Pasture is introduced with C. pubescens, P5: Pasture is introduced with C. mucunoides, P6: Pasture is introduced with P. javanica and C. pubescens, P7: Pasture is introduced with P. javanica and C. mucunoides P8: Pasture is introduced with P. javanica, C. pubescens and C. mucunoides. P3 until P8 used NPK half doses, manure and soil potential microorganism.


• Parameters observed were DM Production, N, P, K, Ca, Mg Uptake, Dry Matter Digestability Coefisient (DMDC), Organic Matter Digestability Coefisient (OMDC), Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA), Amonia (NH3)

• The data were analyzed with analysis of variance and the differences between treatments were analyzed with analysis of Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT).



Results and Discussion

Treatments DM Prod

(g/0.25 m2)

Uptake of plant (mg/0.25 m2)

N P K Ca Mg

P1 37.5 d 80.5c 6.1 c 73.9 d 18.2 d 31.9bc

P2 110.7 c 116.2 c 18.8 ab 210.3 bc 32.1 d 28.8 c

P3 171.2 a 287.7 a 20.6 a 313.4 a 73.6 b 51.4 a

P4 108.5 c 213.8 b 14.1 b 150.9 c 69.5 c 24.9 c

P5 171.8 a 235.3 ab 20.6 ab 307.4 ab 70.4 b 37.8 ab

P6 148.0 b 192.5 b 14.8 ab 156.9 c 57.7 c 44.4ab

P7 175.2 a 268.1 a 19.3 a 271.6 ab 94.6 a 52.6 a

P8 156.6 b 223.9 a 12.5 bc 230.2 b 86.1 a 32.9 bc

Description:: The treatments were P1: Control (Pasture concist of Brachiaria humidicola), P2: B. humidicola with Pueraria javanica, Centrosema pubescens and Calopogonium mucunoide,s with fertilize of NPK), P3: B. humidicola with P.javanica, P4: B. humidicola with C. Pubescens, P5: B. humidicola with C. mucunoides, P6: B. humidicola with P. javanica and C. Pubescens, P7: B. humidicola with P. javanica and C. mucunoides, P8: B. humidicola with P. javanica, C. pubescens and C. Mucunoides.. uperscript differently on the different of column showed significant differences (P <0.05).

Table 1. Effect of the Introduction of legumes on DM Production, N, P, K, Ca, Mg Uptake of Plant

The Production and Quality of Pasture which Introduce.Panca.2012.pptx


Production of dry matter, P and K uptake was significantly increased which is introduce with legume (P2-P8) as compared with P1. Production of dry matter in treatment with half doses of inorganic fertilizer, manure and potential microorganisms (P3, P5, P6, P7, P8) were significantly higher than just using inorganic fertilizer (P2).

BACK

Uptake of N, Ca on treatment with half doses of inorganic fertilizer, manure and potential microorganism (P3-P8) were significantly higher than only using inorganic fertilizer (P2). Uptake of Mg from P3, P7 were significantly higher than P1, P2, P4. The best treatments P7, followed by P3. P5, P8 for the production of dry matter and mineral uptake (Table 1)


BACK

Treatments Variables

DMDC (%) OMDC(%) VFA (mM) NH3 (mM)

P1 43.30 ± 2.99c 47.21 ± 2.72 82.65 ± 37.18b 7.87 ± 2.51c

P2 57.20 ± 1.31a 55.87 ± 1.26 153.04 ± 1.07a 16.51 ± 2.41a

P3 52.52 ± 3.53b 51.50 ± 3.53 108.29 ± 30.04b 13.36 ± 3.64b

P4 56.37 ± 2.53a 54.33 ± 2.45 108.27 ± 35.86b 13.74 ± 2.48b

P5 54.33 ± 2.49a 53.07 ± 2.48 141.40 ± 51.24a 12.72 ± 2.49b

P6 54.34 ± 4.13a 53.92 ± 3.91 87.25 ± 17.58b 15.90 ± 1.65a

P7 53.90 ± 2.89a 52.77 ± 3.80 131.04 ± 29.88a 15.06 ± 4.74a

P8 54.08 ± 2.42a 52.10 ± 2.53 116.69 ± 33.17a 14.91 ± 2.99a

Table 2. Effect of the Introduction of legumes on Dry Matter Digestability Coefisient (DMDC), Organic Matter Digestability Coefisient (OMDC), Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA), Amonia (NH3)

Description:: The treatments were P1: Control (Pasture concist of Brachiaria humidicola), P2: B. humidicola with Pueraria javanica, Centrosema pubescens and Calopogonium mucunoide,s with fertilize of NPK), P3: B. humidicola with P.javanica, P4: B. humidicola with C. Pubescens, P5: B. humidicola with C. mucunoides, P6: B. humidicola with P. javanica and C. Pubescens, P7: B. humidicola with P. javanica and C. mucunoides, P8: B. humidicola with P. javanica, C. pubescens and C. Mucunoides.. uperscript differently on the different of column showed significant differences (P <0.05).


Introduction of legume on B humidicola pasture (P2-P8) was signifficantly different (P <0.05) increase digestibility of dry matter, VFA and NH3, while digestibility of organic matter was the same among the treatment. The treatment which combination of NPK fertilizers with manure and potential microorganism (P7, P8, and P5) were significantly different (P<0.05) increase digestibility of dry matter, VFA, and NH3 as compared with Control (Table 2). BACK


Total VFA that yield in this study about 82.65 -153.04 mM, is sufficient for the optimal growth of rumen microorganism. Total VFA from single feed with legume browse plant was higher than legume browse mix with grass (Astuti, et al., 2011).

BACK

• According to McDonald et al. (2002), the range of NH3 optimal concentration to synthesize the rumen microorganism’s protein was 6 – 21 mM.

• The NH3 that yield from protein fermentation on the experimental was in optimal range for the growth of diary goat and not excessive.


BACK

Conclusion

The introduction of legume on B humidicola pasture increased dry matter production, mineral uptake (N, P, K, Ca, Mg), digestibility of dry matter, VFA and NH3 (P3-P8),. Dry matter production, mineral uptake in treatment with half doses of inorganic fertilizer, manure and potential microorganisms (P3-P8) were higher than only using inorganic fertilizer (P2) and Control (P1).



Treatment of P7, P8, P2 and P5 increased DM digestibility, VFA, NH3 was compared with control. The best treatments in this research were P7 (B. humidicola pasture with P. javanica and C. mucunoides) and followed by P8 (B. humidicola pasture with P. javanica, C. pubescens and C. mucunoides).

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