the progressive era. progressivism progressivism- movement that believed honest and efficient...
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Their main targets: Women’s suffrage City services Safety Inequities Trusts and monopolies Corrupt political machinesTRANSCRIPT
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The Progressive Era
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Progressivism Progressivism- movement that believed honest
and efficient government could bring about social justice
Areas of Reform- Poverty Working Conditions Government on national, state, and local levels
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Their main targets:
Women’s suffrage
City services
Safety
Inequities
Trusts andmonopolies
Corrupt politicalmachines
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Muckrakers used investigative reporting to uncover and dramatize societal ills.
Ida TarbellThe History of Standard Oil
Lincoln Steffens The Shame of the Cities
John SpargoThe Bitter Cry of the Children
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Jacob Riis exposed the deplorable conditions poor people were forced to live under in How the Other Half Lives.
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Christian reformers’ Social Gospel demanded a shorter work day and the end of child labor.
Children’s enrollment in school increased while child labor declined.
The United States Children’s Bureau was created in 1912 by Florence Kelley.
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In the 1900s, the U.S. had the world’s worst rate of industrial accidents.
In 1911, 146 workers died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire. Many young womenjumped to their deathsor burned.
This incident made Americans focus their attention on worker safety.
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Housing Reform
Tenement Act of 1901- Landlords had to install lights in public hallways and provide at least one toilet to every two families.
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The NAACP or National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was founded to demand voting and civil rights for African Americans.
The NAACP aimed to help African Americans become “physically free from peonage, mentally free from ignorance, politically free from disfranchisement, and socially free from insult.”In 1911, the Urban League was formed to create a network of local clubs and churches to assist African Americans migrating to northern cities.
While the NAACP focused on political justice, the Urban League helped the poor find jobs, housing, clothing, and schools for their children.
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Many ethnic groups formed self-help organizations to combat prejudice and protect their rights.
African Americans
Jews Mexican Americans
Native Americans
NAACP
B’nai Brith Mutualistas
Society of American Indians
In 1913, the Anti-Defamation League was formed to defend against physical and verbal attacks, false statements, and to “secure justiceand fair treatment for all citizens alike.”
(groups that provided legal assistance
and disability insurance)
Despite organized protests, Native Americans
and Japanese lost their ownership of land.
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Workplace Reform Fight to abolish child labor
1912 Massachusetts became 1st state to pass minimum wage law– Congress didn’t pass until 1938
Fight to lower working hours http://
www.history.com/topics/child-labor/videos#the-fight-to-end-child-labor
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Beginning of Unions International Ladies’ Garment
Workers Union (ILGWU)
ILGWU striked in 1909 and won a shorter workweek & higher wages
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
10 week strike- won higher wages
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City Government Reform Commissioners being experts in fields and not party
loyalists
City Councils appointing professional politicians to help run city
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Limits on campaign spending
Commissions on regulating railroads, utilities, transportation, civil service, and taxation
In Wisconsin, Governor Robert M. La Follette and other Progressives reformed state government to restore political control to the people.
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Election Reforms