the reconstruction (1865-1877)

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The Reconstruction (1865- 1877) The U.S. government’s controversial effort to restore the Southern States to the Union.

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The Reconstruction (1865-1877). The U.S. government’s controversial effort to restore the Southern States to the Union. The War’s Aftermath!. 2/3 Southern Shipping in ruins Cities, farms, factories, homes destroyed 4 million ex-slaves Unemployment was rampant. The Freedman’s Bureau. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The U.S. government’s controversial effort to restore the Southern States to the Union.

Page 2: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The War’s Aftermath!

2/3 Southern Shipping in ruinsCities, farms, factories, homes destroyed4 million ex-slavesUnemployment was rampant

Page 3: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The Freedman’s Bureau

By Congress-March 1865 - 1869Clothing, Medicine, Meals to ex-slaves250,000 plus blacks received first education at bureau schoolsThe question of land?

Page 4: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Three Reconstruction Plans

1. President Lincoln’s Plan2. President Andrew Johnson’s

Plan3. The Republican Congress’s

Plan

Which plan would the U.S. follow?

Page 5: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

President Lincoln’s Plan

Called the Ten Percent PlanPardons to ex-Confederates10% Voters in CSA states had to pledge allegiance and abolish slavery“Malice toward none” = leniency

Page 6: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Lincoln is Assassinated!

John Wilkes Booth, an actor, plotted to kidnap Lincoln and othersApril 14, 1865 at Ford’s Theatre he shoots Lincoln Booth is later killed near Port Royal, VA4/10 co-conspirators were hanged

Page 7: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

President Johnson’s Plan

Democrat from TN, ex-SEN, VPNew State ConstitutionsAmnesty by letter13th AmendmentLenient in the spirit of Lincoln’s PlanStates’ Rights – No Vote for ex-slaves

                                                                   

Page 8: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Radical or Congressional Reconstruction

1866 Civil Rights Act outlawed black codesJohnson vetoed it and Congress overrode it14th AmendmentJohnson and the Republican Congress were now at odds

Page 9: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The Reconstruction Act of 1867

Divided South into 5 military districtsStates had to draft new constitutionsAll eligible voters could voteBarred ex-Confederates from voting Equal rights to all citizensStates must ratify 14th Amendment

Page 10: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Radical Military Districts

Page 11: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Exit Slip – Three Reconstruction Plans

1. President Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstructing the South was known as the ___ Percent Plan.a. One b. Ten c. Fifty

2. President Johnson’s plan required the Southern States to ratify the ____ Amendment, which abolished slavery.a. 13th b. 14th c. 20th

3. Who favored a harsh and punishing Reconstruction plan for the South?a. Lincoln b. Johnson c. Radical Republicans

4. How many military districts was the South divided into during Reconstruction?a. 3 b. 5 c. 11

Page 12: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

President Johnson’s Impeachment (1868)

Tenure of Office Act (1867)Johnson fired Sec. War StantonImpeached for “High Crimes and Misdemeanors”Saved by 1 vote!

Page 13: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

15th Amendment (1870)Last of Civil War AmendmentsNo state could deny the right to vote on basis of race or colorTroops protected blacks and they voted in massBlanch K. Bruce (MS) in 1874 became first black Senator

Page 14: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Spreading Terror!

The Ku Klux Klan was the best-known hate groupFormed in Pulaski, TN (1865)Terrorized Blacks and White RepublicansForce Act of 1870 helped curb Klan practices for a time

Page 15: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The Elections of 1868 & 1872

Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) defeated Seymour (NY) in 68 and Greely (NY) in 72Both terms marred by scandal!

Page 16: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The Stolen Election of 1876 Ends Reconstruction

Voters grew wearyGreed and Corruption1876 Election saw Tilden (D) win popular vote over Hayes (R)SC, FA, LA Republican controlledCompromise of 1877 gave Hayes victory and he removed troops from South

Page 17: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

The Effects of Reconstruction

Successes 1. Union Restored

and South repaired

2. South began to industrialize

3. 13th,14th, 15th Amendments

4. Education for Blacks and Poor Whites

Failures1. Blacks remained

poor; many were sharecroppers

2. KKK and Jim Crow Laws

3. Racism still prevailed

4. South still lagged behind North economically

Page 18: The Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Exit Slip – The End of Reconstruction

1. How many votes in the Senate saved President Johnson from removal?a. 1 b. 3 c. 12

2. Most historians consider President Grant a(n) ________ president.a. effective b. ineffective c. strong

3. Which amendment gave African-Americans the right to vote?a. 13th b. 14th c. 15th

4. The “stolen” election of President _______ in 1876 ended Reconstruction.a. Grant b. Tilden c. Hayes