The Redemption of Technology:Part 1

Dr. Andrew SearsPresident, City Vision University

www.cityvision.edu andrew@cityvision.eduhttps://www.linkedin.com/in/andrewsears

Slideshare: https://goo.gl/ayt2a5 3/18/17

System Making

System Building at TechMission and City Vision UniversityIn the past 10 years, TechMission…Matched 69,047 volunteers through ChristianVolunteering.org &

programsFunded 581 full-time AmeriCorps Members & interns for ministries

serving over 22,101 at-risk youth and other populations through City Vision Internships and TechMission Corps

Served over 12.5 million unique visitors through our websitesProvided accredited college courses with 1,088 students through

City Vision UniversityProvided $74.6 million in resources to sites only spending $10.6

million (703% return on investment)

PersonalVocation

Christian Vocation: Love God, Love

Others

Human Vocation:Co-Creators

Technology and Human, Christian & Personal Vocation2. Field Specific• Theology of [your field]• Christian community in

your field

1. General Theology of Work

3. Vocation and life balance is shaped by living in a technology saturated society

- Frederick Buechner

Four Questions of Personal Vocation

Calling

What are you good at?

Does the world need?What do you enjoy?

Will the world pay?

Internal Motivation• deep gladness• who we are

External Motivation• world’s deep hunger• what God’s doing//fallen world

Status

Meaning

Status without Meaning• Empty success• Corporate drone

Meaning without Status• Financially unsustainable• Starving volunteer

Internal • Underemployed• Starving artist

External Motivation• Burnout• Joyless worker

The Power of MetaphorWhat is the dominant metaphor for your career?

The Power of MetaphorWhat is the dominant metaphor for your career?

The Power of MetaphorWhat is the dominant metaphor for life?

The Power of MetaphorWhat is the dominant metaphor for life?

“Like a watchmaker, God was forced to intervene in the universe and tinker with the mechanism from time to time to ensure that it continued operating in good working order.” - Isaac Newton

The Power of MetaphorOur Careers Influence our Worldview

Source: https://rickylwilson.wordpress.com/category/devnull/page/2/

The Power of MetaphorOur Careers Influence our Worldview

Christianity(Theology)“Love God, Love Others”

4 Quadrant Theology of Technology &Theology of Work

How do I live my full God-given calling as a Christian technologist?

The Gap for Christian Technologists

4 Quadrant Expertise in FieldsRelated to Theology of Technology Gap of Expertise

Contextualizing “Love God, Love Others” for Your Field

Theology of Work

Universal Worldview• Creation• Fall• Redemption• Restoration

ParticularWorldview Applied to our context. i.e. Theology of• Work• Technology• Art• Science• Culture

How do we contextualize Jesus?

Source: https://urbana.org/blog/race-and-ethnicity-bible

Jesus the First Techie: Tektōn

Become a Jew to the JewsAnd a Greek to the Greeks

Jesus the First Techie: Tektōn

Become a Jew to the JewsAnd a Geek to the Geeks

Group Discussion Question1. What does good applied theology do? 2. What would a good theology of technology do? 3. What is unique about a theology of technology? 4. What’s the difference between a comprehensive

Christian worldview of technology and a theology of technology?

Common Threads Among Christian Technologist WhoFeel Fulfilled in their VocationThey are good at what they do & respected in their fieldsThey have a vibrant faith, spiritual disciplines and church

community◦They have a strong community of other Christians passionate

about using their field for God and othersThey worked very hard at bridging their field with their

general Christian call of “loving God and Loving others”◦They have found a way to bridge their work with people “love

others” and excel in the human elements of their field◦They have become an expert in a particular aspect of bridging

their field with loving others

Theology of Tech

Theology

(general)

Science &

Religion

Theology of Work

MediaEcolog

y

Theology of Technology TodayCurrently borrows primarily from 4 disciplines

• Counseling & Tech Addiction Recovery• Ethics & Morality of Technology• Media Nutrition• Systems Thinking• Strategic Foresight/Future Studies• Biochemistry of Tech Use• Technology & Media Ministry• Theology of Work in Tech Professions• Technology, Justice & the Poor• Tech Social Entrepreneurship• Sociology of Technology• Technology Policy

Comprehensive Christian Worldview ofTechnology Needs Emerging Disciplines

Christians Globally(in a tech world)

Tech Christians Globally

Tech Christians in U.S.

Tech Christians in Christian Orgs

Professional Tech

Ministers

• 77,500 full-time IT staff• $12.5 Billion IT Budget

• 6.3 million Christians in STEM jobs (71% in computing)

• 50-100 million Christians in STEM jobs

Audiences for Theology of Technology

• Thousands• <$100 million budget

Part 2: From the Garden to the City

https://youtu.be/lZnEFTLFERk?t=1m20s

John Dyer Questions for Discussion1. Consider what Dyer says about technology’s “bent” & the law of

unintended consequences: How do you foresee those consequences while designing a new technology? How do you correct against them afterward? (Give examples.)

2. What are the implications of God’s having created us as embodied creatures (not just minds), and of the Incarnation for how we design tech, especially information & communications technology?

3. Marshall McLuhan famously said “the medium is the message”. In what ways can you see that to be true in the media that we commonly encounter?

4. How can tech that often isolates people be used instead to pull them together into deeper forms of community?

5. How can tech draw people away from spiritual disciplines, and how can it be used - specifically - to foster spiritual disciplines?

Part 3: Technology’s Fallenness and Redemption in the Current

World

Bias Inherent in Technology(from Kevin Kelly’s What Does Technology Want?)

Technology “wants” increasing: Efficiency Opportunity Emergence Complexity Diversity Specialization Ubiquity

• Freedom• Mutualism• Beauty• Sentience• Structure• Evolvability

Technological DeterminismSocial Constructivism Both have Influence(varies by society)

Rural

Urban

Online/

Digital

Agricultural Industrial Information

The Need: Macro-Historical Trends Create a Need for New Focus Areas of Applied Theology

Technology’s Impact on Employment

Technology Influenced Megatrends:Fallenness and Redemption

Fallenness Redemption

Growth in deviance Growth in diversityShallow focus &

relationshipsMany options/connections

More distraction & media addiction

More knowledge/informationMore domestic

inequalityLess global poverty

Increased automation/mass unemployment

Increased access to education

Holistic church decrease

Increased specialization

Wal-Mart effect on Churches

Megachurch network growth

Increased access to evil Increased Gospel accessIncreased Capacity for

GoodIncreased Capacity for Evil

1. NetworkedChurch

3. MediaNutrition

2. Education& EconomicDevelopment

21st CenturyRedemptiveCauses

Cause 1: Building the Networked ChurchArchitecture of Catholic Church

Mainframe EraHub/Spoke ArchitectureOne HierarchyCentralizedMonolithicStrength: addressing

problems requiring centralized approach

Problems◦The Pope is not Jesus◦Single point of failure◦Lack of competition

Pope

Hub/Spoke Architecture

Cause 1: Building the Networked ChurchArchitecture of Protestant Church

Pre-Internet Computers & LANs Disconnected/No Interconnection Atomized No hierarchy or denominational

hierarchy Problems

◦ The Body of Christ should not be atomized and disconnected

◦ Weak in addressing problems requiring a centralized approach

Isolated Networks(denominations & churches)

Cause 1: Building the Networked Church Complex organic

interconnection Uses strengths of both

centralized and distributed architectures

Modular Increased specialization Viral spread of the Gospel Problems

◦ TBD◦ Guess: spread of viral cults

Internet ArchitectureFrom: NetDimes.org

Cause 1: Building the Networked ChurchTrend Toward Specialization: Growth of the Parachurch

$-

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

Parachurch $0 $1 $20 $162 $230 $570

Church $1 $7 $50 $108 $140 $300

1800 1900 1970 2000 2007 2025

(in Billions)

62%

66%

60%

Source: International Bulletin of Missionary Research, January 2005. David B. Barrett & Todd M. Johnson. http://www.globalchristianity.org/resources.htm

Cause 2: Education and Economic DevelopmentDoes Technology Hurt or Help the Poor?

Source: https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty/

Cause 2: Education and Economic DevelopmentDecreasing Absolute Poverty

95% of economic growth since 2009 went to the top 1%

Cause 2: Education and Economic DevelopmentIncreasing Inequality & Automation

Decline of Farm Jobs

Source: ong depression – azizonomics. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://azizonomics.com/tag/long-depression/

“Human history becomes more and more a race between education and catastrophe.”

- H.G. Wells

Image from Wikipedia

20th Century Challenge: High School Graduation

Goldin, C., & Katz, L. F. (2010). The Race between Education and Technology. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press.

Source: (US. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014)

47% of employment in America is at high risk of being automated away over the next decade or two (Frey & Osborne, 2013)

Source: US. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2014). Percent of Employment in Manufacturing in the United States (DISCONTINUED). Retrieved November 21, 2014, from https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/series/USAPEFANA/

21st Century Challenge: College Graduation

The Need for Rapid Growth of Higher Education Globally

100 MillionStudentsin 2000

263 MillionStudentsin 2025(84% of growth in the developing world)

Sources Karaim, R. (2011). Expanding higher education: should every country have a world-class university. CQ Global Researcher, 5(22), 525–572.Lutz, W., & KC, S. K. (2013). Demography and Human Development: Education and Population Projections. UNDP-HDRO Occasional Papers, (2013/04). Retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdro_1304_lutz_kc.pdf

137 Million New Students in Developing Countries by 20254.9 billion middle class globally by 2030

10 million+ studentsat $1,000/student

Radically Affordable Mobile Education

The Need for Disruptive Innovation

TraditionalChristianHigher

Education(A few million students

At $10,000/student)

10 xMore Users

1/10th

Cost

Radically AffordableBlended Education

100 million+ studentsat $50/student

Part 4: Technology: Distraction, Addiction and Media Nutrition

Increasing Media Saturation: 80-90 hours/week in media

You are what you eat.

As a man thinks so is he. - Proverbs 23:7 Paraphrased

We become what we worship.

We become what we behold. - Marshall McLuhan

Image From: http://www.richlandcreek.com/pages/page.asp?page_id=153447&articleId=27982

Unhealthy media useis affecting our:• Relationships• Families/Children• Communities• Relationship with God• Sex lives• Brain function• Personal happiness• Time management• Safety while driving• Work Effectiveness• Political systems• Culture• Life balance

Technology AdvancesMake Things Easier to Do• Pornography, Drugs, Sex, Overeating• All Addictions• Opportunities for the Gospel

From: http://sociecity.com/rethink/graphic-the-real-food-pyramid

Junk Medi

a(Emp

tyEntertain

ment)

Neutral Media

Media for Growth

In person Relationships

(Bible, Christian content/music, education, work,some news and other media for growth)

(some music, games, shallow news, social media)

(Love God + Love Others + Sabbath & Self Care)

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables

Cheap Empty Calories(bread, rice, potatoes)

Dessert

Exercise

Toxic orAddictive

Media

Stop!

Media Nutrition Pyramid Lesson Plan

Provided by City Vision University’s Master’s Program in Technology and Social Entrepreneurship. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

From: http://www.happydiabetic.com/?p=519

Television Fast Food

=

Computer Supermarket

Tablet/Smartphone Convenience Store/Daily Trips

=

=

Media Type & Devices Influence Availability of Healthy Media

Media Nutrition Questions for DiscussionFirst write down ideas, then discuss in groups of 2 for 5 minutes1. What things do you need to commit to remove?

2. What boundaries are you willing to commit to in your media use?

3. What healthy habits can you use to replace unhealthy media?

Ideas for a Media Nutrition PlanRemove

◦ All toxic media, addictive games/shows, pornographyBoundaries & environmental choices

◦ Turn off phone/computer notifications, no phones around children, no phone without headset while driving, keep phone out of reach when in bed, no non-work computer activities at work, no TV/games on weekdays, remove addictive games on phone, cancel TV subscription, only check email at fixed times during the day

Replace◦ Media: use Covenant Eyes or Rescue Time, accountability partner, download

sermon or educational apps, create educational YouTube playlists, Bible reading plan in YouVersion, use Hoopla or Overdrive from library, subscribe to Audible, spend 30 minutes each weekend curating nutritious media for week, Replace trashy music in commute media for growth

◦ Add relationships & self-care: dates, nature, hobbies, small groups, meetups, family activities

Homework:Media Nutrition Pyramid Lesson

http://ed.ted.com/on/VoRBADci

Part 5: Applied Workshop:Technology and the Fall’s Effect

on Life Balance & Vocational Satisfaction

PersonalVocation

Christian Vocation: Love God, Love

Others

Human Vocation:Co-Creators

Technology and Human, Christian & Personal Vocation2. Field Specific• Theology of [your field]• Christian community in

your field

1. General Theology of Work

3. Vocation & life balance is shaped by living in a technology saturated society

What are the Implications of a Tech Driven Economy

Source: https://www.bloomberg.com/gadfly/articles/2016-08-02/tech-giants-form-fab-five-to-dominate-stock-valuation-chart

“We shape our tools and thereafter our tools shape us.”

We shape our careers and thereafter our careers shape our metaphors and worldview.

To the hammer everything is a nail.

Grid 1: Balancing Personal Vocation

Calling

What are you good at?

Does the world need?What do you enjoy?

Will the world pay?

Status Focused (Head/Cognitive)

Meaning Focused (Heart/Affective)

Internally Focused Externally Focused

Where would you draw your focus on this diagram? How do you tend to get uncentered?

Q1 Personal: Nurture (Humanities)(internal-individual: I/mind)

Q2: Physical: Nature (Science & Technology)(external-individual: it/body)

Q3: Cultural (Creative Arts)(interior collective, we)

Q4: Societal (Social Sciences)(exterior collective, they)

Grid 2: A Systems View of Balancing Personal VocationIn

divi

dual

Col

lect

ive

Internal External

• Cultural studies• Anthropology• Ethics• Majority world religions/theology• Art for Others

• Sociology• Law• Economics• Political Science/Politics• History• Ecology

• Humanities • Western Theology• Counseling• Psychology• Art for Self

• Biology, • Chemistry• Physics• Engineering• Healthcare/Life Sciences

Q1 Personal: Nurture (Humanities)(internal-individual: I/mind)

Q2: Physical: Nature (Science & Technology)(external-individual: it/body)

Q3: Cultural (Creative Arts)(interior collective, we)

Q4: Societal (Social Sciences)(exterior collective, they)

___% Actual ___% Ideal

Grid 2: A Systems View of Balancing Personal VocationIn

divi

dual

Col

lect

ive

Internal External

___% Actual ___% Ideal___% Actual ___% Ideal

___% Actual ___% Ideal

1. What domain is yourprofession primarily operating in?2. What percentage of your growth has been spent in each domain? 3. Ideally how would you have focused your growth?

Grid 3: Domains of Learning Currently Ideally

Cognitive ___% ___%

Affective ___% ___%

Psychomotor ___% ___%

What domain is your profession primarily operating in?What percent of your time and effort do you spend in growth in each of these domains?

Tech-Bias in Vocational Dissatisfaction Being in a Tech Saturated World increased the societal bias toward:

◦ Cognitive Learning and decreased emphasis on Affective and Psychomotor◦ Quadrant 2: external-individual, physical (Science & Technology)◦ What happens to vocational satisfaction if a tech driven economy demands

that we focus our growth on cognitive, Q2 learning?Tech & Economic Bias in Myers-Briggs vs. Percentage of the General

Population◦ Introverted (51) vs. Extroverted (49%)◦ Thinking (40%) vs. Feeling (60%)◦ Judging (54%) vs. Perceiving (46%)◦ Sensing (73%) vs Intuitive (27%)◦ What happens to vocational satisfaction if a tech driven economy demands a

dramatically higher percent of people who are Introverted, Thinking and Intuitive than exists in the population?

Source: http://www.statisticbrain.com/myers-briggs-statistics/

“We shape our tools and thereafter our tools shape us.”

We shape our careers and thereafter our careers shape our metaphors and worldview.

To the hammer everything is a nail.

Tech Impact on Vocation Discussion QuestionsIndividual Exercise: fill in each of the three grid printoutsPair up in groups of two1. Share what you wrote down for each of the grids. 2. Based on these how do you tend to get unbalanced and

off-centered from your ideal? What are the pressures to make you off-balance from your ideal?

3. How does your career and “location in these grids” shape your worldview? In what ways does your career create a bias in you toward solutions that fall in a particular domain (like the hammer and nail example)?

Christianity(Following Jesus)

Q1: Tech Addiction RecoveryQ2: Media NutritionQ3: Christian Media EcologyQ4: Tech Tools, Rules & Policies

Q1: Nurture (Family)Q2: Nature (Biochemical)Q3: CulturalQ4: Social Systems

The Greatest Threat to the Body of Christ…is the pervasive, destructive pornography available through the Internet.- Josh McDowell

Applying Paradigms & Metaphors to Problems

Christianity(Theology)“Love God, Love Others”

4 Quadrant Theology of Technology &Theology of Work

How do I live my full God-given calling as a Christian technologist?

The Gap for Christian Technologists

4 Quadrant Expertise in FieldsRelated to Theology of Technology Gap of Expertise

Contextualizing “Love God, Love Others” for Your Field

Theology of work

Q1 Personal: Nurture (Humanities)(internal-individual: I/mind)

Q2: Physical: Nature (Science & Technology)(external-individual: it/body)

Q3: Cultural (Creative Arts)(interior collective, we)

Q4: Societal (Social Sciences)(exterior collective, they)

• Theology of Technology (current)• Media Ministry• Media Ecology• Theology (majority world) • Ethics of Science & Technology

• Theology of Work• Technology & the Poor• Social Entrepreneurship/Nonprofit

Management• Business/ BAM/Marketplace Ministry• Sociology & Social Psychology• Science & Technology Policy

• Technology & Addiction • Counseling & Recovery • Theology (traditional Western)• Morality of Technology• Personal Psychology of Technology• Humanities

• Media Nutrition• Systems Thinking• Study of Science & Religion• Strategic Foresight/Future Studies• Biochemistry of Tech Use• Science• Applied Sciences

Cognitive Components of a Comprehensive Theology of Technology

Indi

vidu

alC

olle

ctiv

e

Internal External

Q1 Personal: Nurture (Humanities)(internal-individual: I/mind)

Q2: Physical: Nature (Science & Technology)(external-individual: it/body)

Q3: Cultural (Creative Arts)(interior collective, we)

Q4: Societal (Social Sciences)(exterior collective, they)

Cognitive• Learning about creative arts• Theology of Technology/Media EcologyAffective• Increase relational time investment• Small groups & church relationships• Culture Making & culture engagement• Transformative Education• Radical Mission Trips

Cognitive• Learning about social sciences & businessPsychomotor/environmental systems• Intentional choices in your environment & surroundings• System making• Business development and engagement with markets• Civics and engagement with political & social systems• Environmental stewardship

Cognitive • Learning in Humanities• Cognitive Therapy • Cognitive learning in churchAffective• Emotional focal practices/hobbies• Counseling & Recovery • Prayer and Meditation• Emotional growth in church

Cognitive• Learning in STEM & Healthcare fields• Media Nutrition & BoundariesPsychomotor/personal environment• Physical focal practices• Physical hobbies: Exercise, hiking, sports• Nutrition & psychiatric medications

Ideas for Developing a Holistic Action Plan for Growth, Life Balance and Recentering Vocation

Indi

vidu

alC

olle

ctiv

e

Internal External

Q1 Personal: Nurture (Humanities)(internal-individual: I/mind)

Q2: Physical: Nature (Science & Technology)(external-individual: it/body)

Q3: Cultural (Creative Arts)(interior collective, we)

Q4: Societal (Social Sciences)(exterior collective, they)

Cognitive• • • Affective• • • •

Cognitive• Psychomotor/environmental systems• •

Cognitive • Affective• • • •

Cognitive• • Psychomotor/personal environment• •

4 Quadrant Action Plan Template

Indi

vidu

alC

olle

ctiv

e

Internal External

Life Balance Discussion QuestionsIndividual Exercise1. List a few specific areas where you would like to bring

change in your life related to ideas discussed in this workshop.

2. Spend 5 minutes brainstorming and writing out ideas using the 4 quadrant plan printout.

Pair up in groups of two: 3. Share what ideas you wrote down.4. Which ideas are you willing to commit to.5. Pray for each other.

PersonalVocation

Christian Vocation: Love God, Love

Others

Human Vocation:Co-Creators

Conclusion: Technology and Human, Christian & Personal Vocation

2. Field Specific• Theology of [your field]• Christian community in

your field

1. General Theology of Work

3. Vocation is shaped by living in a technology saturated society

Potential Next StepsHave your family do our Media Nutrition Pyramid Lesson on Ted EdWatch Our YouTube Playlists for Christians in Technology

◦ Theology of Technology ◦ Technology, Life Balance and Addiction Course◦ Vocation Calling and Purpose of Work◦ Emerging Media Ministry◦ Technology, Cross Cultural Organizations and the Poor

Courses◦ Watch Our MOOC Course on Disruptive Innovation in Higher Education◦ Take Online Courses in Our Masters in Technology and Social Entrepreneurship

Read Books◦ The Digital Invasion: How Technology Is Shaping You and Your Relationships◦ Extended Bibliography

Contact andrew@cityvision.edu 617-282-9798 x101 LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/andrewsears ◦ Help join our cause!

Appendix

Jesu

s

JusticeTe

ch

Christian Social SectorAGRM, CCDA, Salvation Army, Teen Challenge, UYWI, World Vision

Job BoardsInternships.comSimply Hired

Christian Higher Ed for JusticeBakke U, UCC, Eastern, FullerAzusa, Acton, NetInstitute, Christian ABE

Open EducationStraighterline.com,MOOCs, EdXCoursera, Udacity

Nonprofit RecruitingAllforGood, IdealistVolunteerMatch,Guidestar, FB Causes

Tech & MissionsICCM, Lightsys, MAF,GEM, EMI, WIN, OBVisionSynergy, AIBIWycliffe IT, CheckItOut

Tech & MinistryInternet Evangelism Day, Mobile Ministry Forum,YouVersion, ABS, Cru

MSTSMProgram

Tech-Justice Sector

Jesus TechSector

Jesus JusticeSector

City Vision CollegeChristianVolunteeringCity Vision Internships

Tech Christian CollegesAccessED, ACU, Calvin, Taylor, BaylorBiola, Olivet, Fuller, Wheaton, Liberty

Christian TechnologistsChristians Engineering Society, Intervarsity Faculty, Cru FacultyISCAST, Code for the KingdomChristians in Tech (FB & LinkedIn)Indigetous, FaithTech.ca

Vision: Use Technology to Recruit & Educate Christians to Serve the Poor

Christian RecruitingMeetTheNeed, ChristianJobsShortTermMissions, Missions

Christian MediaChristianity Today,Publishers, Radio & TV

Tech PhilanthropyGoogle Grants, LinkedInFacebook, Salesforce, Microsoft

Open SourceDrupal, Moodle

Church Tech & ITLifeChurch, Menlo ParkSaddleback, Willow Creek

Christian RecoveryNACR, Celebrate Recovery

Urban InternshipsMission Year

Churches of the Poor

Christian Higher Ed In Developing Countries

Low Cost Online TrainingLynda.com, Skillshare, Pluralsight

Parachurch ITCru, Intervarsity

Open Data/ContentWikipedia, Open Gov’t, Semantic Web

Christian FundersFoundations, Individuals

Secular FundersFoundations, Individuals,Government, Corporations

Map of Tech& Ministry Organizations

Q1 Personal: Nurture (Humanities)(internal-individual: I/mind)

Q2: Physical: Nature (Science & Technology)(external-individual: it/body)

Q3: Cultural (Creative Arts)(interior collective, we)

Q4: Societal (Social Sciences)(exterior collective, they)

• Theology of Technology (current)• Media Ministry• Media Ecology• Theology (majority world) • Political Ethics of Science & Tech

• Theology of Work• Technology & the Poor• Social Entrepreneurship/Nonprofit

Management• Business/ BAM/Marketplace Ministry• Sociology & Social Psychology• Technology Policy

• Technology & Addiction • Counseling & Recovery • Theology (traditional Western)• Morality of Technology• Personal Psychology of Technology• Humanities

• Media Nutrition• Systems Thinking• Study of Science & Religion• Strategic Foresight/Future Studies• Biochemistry of Tech Use• Science• Applied Sciences

Cognitive Components of a Comprehensive Theology of Technology

Indi

vidu

alC

olle

ctiv

e

Internal External

Strengths of STEM Christians (or your field)•

Weaknesses of STEM Christians (or your field)•

Opportunities of STEM Sector (or your field)•

Threats from STEM Sector (or your field)•