the renaissance
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The Renaissance. Chapter 11. Characteristics of the Renaissance. Section 1. Contrast the Renaissance attitude toward life with the Medieval outlook. Renaissance – “rebirth” Despised medieval times….ignorance Reveled in the present!. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Contrast the Renaissance attitude toward life with the Medieval outlook.
Renaissance – “rebirth” Despised medieval times….ignorance Reveled in the present!
Contrast humanism and its effects with a Biblical view of man.
Emphasized individuals Humanism….but did not abandon
God….different than modern Humanism Misunderstanding of mankind….are we
good?
List the causes of the Renaissance revival of learning.
Trade, national governments Found works such as Cicero Lawyers Muslim and Byzantine writings,
classical literature
Describe the humanistic learning of the Renaissance
Humanities/ liberal arts: history, science, grammar, classical literature, philosophy
What’s the difference between studying now vs. then?
What was the goal of education? Ignorance = evil
Praise Cicero above all Searching for manuscripts
Explain why the Renaissance began in Italy
1.) Ancient Rome 2.) Byzantine and Islamic Cultures 3.) Trade Route riches
Identify the patrons of the Renaissance artists and identify the Medici’s (Lorenzo in particular) as the most prominent patrons after the church
Bankers and merchants were patrons The Medici family
Manuscripts, libraries, painting, sculpting, politics, etc.
Lorenzo de Medici, “The Magnificent”, in Florence
1500s….Renaissance spreading!
Explain how the Renaissance moved to Northern Europe
Students Merchants Started by copying Italians, then
developing their own styles
“Italian Humanist Writers,” Introduction: Identify the city that was the center of culture in Italy and explain why it was the center of culture.
Florence Commerce, wealth, and all the talented
lived there
“Italian Humanist Writers,” Major Thinkers: Match each person with his description.
Francesco Petrarch – The pioneer of Renaissance humanism Composed Latin poems, modeling them after
classical poetry. Later, generations, however, remember him best
for his vernacular writings. In sonnets (fourteen-line poems) and letters to his
friends, he expressed human interest and emotions. In letters addressed to his heroes of the past-
Cicero, Virgil, and Livy- Petrarch places his own day on an equal plane with the days of ancient Rome.
The Father of Humanism.
Baldassare Castiglion – Wrote one of the most famous books on
etiquette (social behavior) published during the Renaissance.
He presents the Courtier as a man of character, well educated, courageous, and courteous.
Machiavelli – Wrote The Prince. Tells his readers that a successful ruler must
do what is expedient and not be governed by principles of right and wrong. Such a man uses force when necessary, for ‘it is much safer to be feared, than loved’.
Promoted the concept of the secular state – one freed from moral restraints and religious principles.
Some scholars today think that we may have taken him out of context and misrepresented his teachings.
Erasmus: (1466-1536) Scholar, prince of Humanists Spurred Protestant Reformation, but
remained Catholic Praise of Folly Church reform First edition of Greek New Testament
Sir Thomas More – (1478-1535) Piety, devoted to country Friend of Erasmus Wrote Utopia Beheaded for Treason!....by the king, his
“friend”
William Shakespeare Known as greatest playwright Part of Lord’s Chamberlain’s Men Globe Theater 154 sonnets 37 plays Why were his works so popular?
Renaissance vs. Medieval
Emphasized present physical world.
Supported by secular patrons.
Artists wanted fame and praise.
Realistic and 3-demintional.
Portrayed kings, merchants, and secular individuals.
Painting and sculpture were most popular.
Emphasized spiritual realm and life to come
Supported by church of Rome.
Worked for glory of God.
Flat and 2-demintional.
Portrayed church leaders, biblical characters, or saints.
Architecture was most popular.
Early vs. High Renaissance Painters: identify who were the major painters of the Early Renaissance (Giotto, Masaccio, and Boticelli) and who were the major painters of the High Renaissance (da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo).
Giotto de Bondone (1266-1337)
The most famous painter of the early Italian Renaissance.
Father of Renaissance painting. He opened a new era of art in the Western
world. Sought to make painting more natural. His
figures were more realistic and exhibited human feelings.
Three dimensional look. Famous for Frescoes (paintings on wet
plaster)
Masaccio (1401-1428)
By means of shading, he created a three dimensional affect in his painting.
This technique enabled him to portray human figures with a realism that had been missing in the work of previous painters.
Sandro Botticelli (1444-1510)
Added movement. Boticelli’s early paintings reflected the
humanistic spirit prevalent in the Medici court. Fell under the influence of the preaching of the monk, Savonarola. He became a convert,
His paintings took on a more religious and moral outlook.
The High Renaissance Painters—Describe the high Renaissance. The center of culture shifted from
Florence, to Rome. The papacy became the major patron of
Italian artists. High Renaissance artists mastered the
painting techniques that the Italian artists of the 15th century had pioneered.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Renaissance man. Interest in a wide range of fields. Accomplished sculptor, architect, painter,
musician, and poet.