the renaissance european middle ages mr. blais 1.renaissance means ‘rebirth’ 2.the renaissance...
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THE RENAISSANCETHE RENAISSANCE
European Middle Ages
Mr. Blais
1. Renaissance means ‘rebirth’
2. The Renaissance began in Italy
3. The Renaissance was a time of political, social, economic, and cultural change and creativity
1. What does the word ‘Renaissance’ mean?
2. Where, in Europe, did the Renaissance begin?
3. What is the Renaissance?
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Ideas of the RenaissanceIdeas of the Renaissance• This was a time of
reawakened interest in classical learning, classical art, and Ancient Rome
• People developed new attitudes towards culture and learning.
• People changed their focus from the afterlife to the life in the here and now and developed a new emphasis on individual achievement.
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Italian Beginnings Italian Beginnings • Since Italy was the center of
Roman history Italy was a natural place for this reawakening of classical learning and culture to take place.
• Italy was also divided into many separate city-states with strong guilds and wealthy merchant classes (No central King) which gave them a strong sense of independence and a lot of wealth to explore new learning opportunities.
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Humanism Humanism • Humanism was an intellectual
movement of the Renaissance which focused on worldly subjects and human achievements rather than religious issues. (Very secular)
• Humanists studied the classical subjects such as literature, poetry, philosophy, and history.
• They used Greek and Roman texts as their sources of information and combined those with their own history and experiences.
Humans
VS
Religion
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Renaissance Art Renaissance Art • Renaissance art reflected
humanistic ideals combined with Greek and Roman styles.
• Many Renaissance sculptures were modeled after ancient Greek and Roman designs.
• Artists also developed new techniques such as perspective, the ability to make paintings look three dimensional. (Some objects look closer than others.)
• Their studies of human anatomy also allowed for some of the most realistic paintings and sculptures people have ever seen to this point.
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Francesco Petrarch Francesco Petrarch • He was an early
Renaissance humanist and a Poet (Called the father of Renaissance Humanism
• He helped assemble a library of Greek and Roman texts in order to expose others to these works.
• He also wrote poems called Sonnets to Laura.
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Donatello Donatello • He was mainly a
sculptor
• He made an early statue of David (Biblical boy who would become a great king.
• This statue was the first European free standing nude sculpture since ancient times.
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Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci • He was a painter,
sculptor, inventor, architect, and engineer.
• He his well known for painting the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
• He is also very well known for his sketch of the Vitruvian Man and many of these other inventive sketches. (Flying machines, parachutes, mechanical machines)
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Michelangelo Michelangelo • He was a sculptor,
engineer, painter, architect, and poet.
• Some of his best known sculptures are the Pieta and his statue of David.
• He is also known for his work in the Sistine Chapel
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Raphael Raphael • He was mainly a
painter.
• He is known for his painting called School of Athens.
• He is also well known for his portraits of Mary, the mother of Christ and his painting called Betrothal of the Virgin.
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Filippo Brunelleschi Filippo Brunelleschi
• He was mainly an architect.
• He constructed a magnificent dome on the top of the Santa Maria Cathedral in Florence.
• He modeled it after the Pantheon in Rome.• His dome = 42 m• Pantheon = 43 m
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Baldassare Castiglione Baldassare Castiglione • He was a Renaissance
writer
• His most famous book was The Book of the Courtier.
• Ideal courtier or “Renaissance Man” is well-educated, well-mannered, and has mastered many fields including poetry, music, and sports.
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Niccolo Machiavelli Niccolo Machiavelli • He was a Renaissance
writer• His most famous work
was called The Prince.• He discussed real world
politics, he claimed:• That the end justifies the
means• Results were more
important than promises• Rulers should use all
necessary means to achieve their goals
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Jan Van EyckJan Van Eyck
• He was a Flemish painter
• Was one of the first painters to use oil paints.
• These allowed for bright vibrant colors and the use of subtle variations in color schemes throughout the painting
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Pieter BruegelPieter Bruegel• He was a Flemish
painter.
• Most famous work is a Peasant Wedding.
• Was well known for his sophisticated use of oil paint.
• Used rich color, vivid and realistic detail of each individual in his paintings
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William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare• He was an English
playwright
• Drew his inspiration from Greek, Roman, and English history.
• Had a deep understanding of human nature and human beings.
• Works such as Romeo and Juliet, King Lear, Hamlet, Othello, etc
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ErasmusErasmus• He was Dutch writer
and theologian
• Most famous work was The Praise of Folly, which attacked the corrupt Church leaders and practices.
• Believed people should study the Bible to improve society and that being a good Christian came from the heart.
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Thomas MooreThomas Moore
• He was an English writer
• His most famous work was Utopia
• He described his idea of a prefect society without greed, corruption, war, or even a currency of any kind.
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Johann GutenbergJohann Gutenberg• He was a German
inventor• His most famous
invention was the Printing Press
• This allowed for the quick reproduction of books
• Made books cheaper and more readily available which increased literacy and education throughout Europe