the representation of objects

THE

REPRESENTATI

ON OF

OBJECTS

Representing objects Graphic representation is a form of

communication.

It provides us with images of objects, pieces, installations, buildings…

Representation on objects

Representing objects

To make drawings, we must follow some established

rules.



Technical drawing is the graphic representations

of objects that follows some established rules.



We are analysing different types of

representations:


Free hand drawings and those created using drawingtools.

Drawings using views orusing perspectives

Views

Perspective

With

drawing

tools

Free hand

Sketch

A sketch is an initial drawing which shows thefundamental elements of a design and reflects itsmain concept

Free hand drawing

A sketch is created only

with a pencil, we don´t

have to use rulers or

other drawing tools.

Diagram

A diagram is a sketch with more specific

information, such as measurements, materials,

colours, ways of connecting the pieces…

Free hand drawing

Like a sketch it´s created

only with a pencil, we

don´t have to use rulers

or other drawing tools.

Pine wood

Dowel

Halflap

When you draw sketches…

Free hand drawing

Use the appropriate pencil. A medium one is

a good option.

Before you start sketching, practice some

hand movements to “warm up” your hand.

For example, draw circles or horizontal lines.

tips


Free hand drawing

In the beginning steps, don’t press down too

hard. Use light, smooth strokes for sketching.

Avoid lifting your pencil and use overlapping

lines.

tips


Free hand drawing

Don't be afraid to use the eraser.

Too many sketch lines on a drawing makes it

look like awful.

Going over the same line many times can make

it dark and hard to erase if you decide it's

wrong.

Be careful not to wrinkle the paper.

And don´t forget to clean your paper from the

rubber scraps; they make your design looks

dirty.

tips


Free hand drawing

Pay attention to primary shapes. All objects

are made up of a combination of the basic

shapes (square, circle, triangle, etc.). Look

for these shapes in your subject, and sketch

these ones first.

tip

s

Do you dare with it?

Free hand drawing

Let´s try

Let´s try

Free hand drawing

Views

A view is the draw of

an object from an specific

angle

Views

Objects can also be represented using

VIEWS

Views

Views

Imagine an empty room with the walls and

floor at perfect right angles.

In technical drawing, we´ll call them projectionplanes, vertical, horizontal and lateral plane

Views

Views

Imagine an object placed in a corner with its

edges parallel to the walls.

Views

Views

If you are positioned in front of each of these

planes and look straight ahead at the object,

you´ll be able to draw the surfaces visible in each

plane.

Views

Views

Each of these representations is called the

orthogonal projection or view

Views

The main VIEWS of an object are:

It´s the view from the front of the object

It´s represented in the vertical plane

It´s the most representative view of the

object

FRONT

VIEW

Views


It´s the view from above of the object, as

though we were flying over it

It´s represented in the horizontal plane.

OVERHEAD

VIEW

Views


It´s the view from the side. There is a right

side and a left side, but we usually draw the

left one.

It´s represented in the lateral plane.

SIDE VIEW

Views

The three planes can be extended by cutting

the horizontal and the lateral plane and

rotating it 90º in relation to the vertical plane.

Views

So, we´ll draw the views in this position:

Views

Be careful with the dimensions of the three views:

The front and side views are thesame height.

The front and overhead views are the same widht.

The overhead and side views are thesame depth.

the representation of objects

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