The Respiratory System

Ms. Bennett’s Living Environment

A Study Guide

The Purpose of the Respiratory System

In with the good, out with the bad

The Parts of the Respiratory System

Nasal Cavity and Nasal Passages

Air enters through nostrils and mouthPassages lined with cilia and mucous

membranesCilia filters airMucous membranes warm the air

Pharynx and Larynx

Houses the glottis-opening to the trachea The epiglottis is a flap that covers the glottis

during swallowing to prevent food from going down the trachea

Voice box- allows you to speak

Trachea

Kept open by rings of cartilageTrachea divides into two branches

called bronchiCilia beat in one direction to get

foreign particles out

Bronchi and Bronchioles

Lined with cilia and mucous membranes

Bronchioles are branches off of the bronchi

Bronchioles continue to divide, ending in alveoli

Alveoli

Responsible for gas exchange (O2, CO2)Increase the surface area of the lungsTiny air sacs surrounded by capillariesDouble Diffusion

LungsMade up of bronchus, bronchioles, and

alveoliAir enters and leaves lungs due to

changes in air pressure causes by the expansion and contraction of your diaphragm

Lung Machine: Diaphragm moves up and down creating unequal pressure in the chest cavity. This allows inhalation and exhalation to occur.

Diaphragm

Inhale - diaphragm moves down as air is forced into your lungs

Exhale - diaphragm moves up to its original curved position which forces air out of the lungs