The Revolutionary War

Events That Shaped the Revolutionary Movement

• The French and Indian War (1754-1763)– Fought over control of America– Cost England a lot of money– Called French and Indian War because Native

Americans helped the French– England Won

Events That Shaped the Revolutionary Movement

• British Imperial Policy (1763 – 1781)– England felt like it was losing control over the

colonies.– These policies were created to keep the

English Empire under control.

Events That Shaped the Revolutionary Movement

• The Stamp Act of 1765– Required colonists to buy government stamps

for almost every paper document.– Colonist felt these taxes were unfair because

they had no say.– “No taxation without representation!”

Events That Shaped the Revolutionary Movement

• Sons of Liberty 1765– Secret organization formed in Boston to protest

Stamp Act• Sons of Liberty and Colonist Protested the

Stamp Act by:– Writing letters to Parliament– Holding public meetings – Signing petitions– Boycotting or refusing to buy British goods.– Holding violent and Peaceful protest

• Stamp Act was repealed in 1766

Events That Shaped the Revolutionary Movement

• Tea Tax 1773– Tax on tea

• Boston Tea Party (December 1773)– Sons of Liberty disguised as Indians boarded

a ship carrying tea and dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor

– Helped unite colonies against England

Review

• What were the main events that shaped the revolutionary war?– The French and Indian War (1754-1763)– The Stamp Act of 1765– Sons of Liberty 1765– Tea Tax 1773– Boston Tea Party (December 1773)

Review

• How did the results of the French and Indian War contribute to the revolutionary movement in America?– It cost English tax payers a lot of money.– England imposed taxes on colonists to help

pay for the war.– Colonist thought these taxes were unfair.

Review

• Why did the colonists believe British taxation policies in North America were unfair?– “No taxation without representation!”

Review

• How did the colonists and the Sons of Liberty protest British Imperial Policies in North America?– Wrote letters to Parliament– Held public meetings and signed petitions.– Boycotted or refused to buy British goods.– Held violent and peaceful protest

• Boston Tea Party

Boston Tea Party

Dec 1773

Boston Tea Party

Dec 1773

Tea Tax 1773

Tea Tax 1773

Sons of Liberty

1765

Secret organization that

protested the Stamp Act

Sons of Liberty

1765

Secret organization that

protested the Stamp Act

Stamp Act of 1765

“No taxation without

representation!”

Stamp Act of 1765

“No taxation without

representation!”

The French and Indian

War1754-1763

France vs. England

The French and Indian

War1754-1763

France vs. England

Events That Shaped the

Revolutionary Movement

Events That Shaped the

Revolutionary Movement

War for control of America

England WonCost England a lot of money

Required colonists to

buy a government stamps for

almost every paper

document.

Required colonists to

buy a government stamps for

almost every paper

document.

Because of the protest of the Sons of Liberty the Stamp Act was gotten rid of in 1766.

This united the colonies against England

Because of the protest of the Sons of Liberty the Stamp Act was gotten rid of in 1766.

This united the colonies against England

Sons of Liberty disguised as Indians boarded a ship carrying tea and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor.This act of rebellion encouraged others to join the battle against England

Sons of Liberty disguised as Indians boarded a ship carrying tea and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor.This act of rebellion encouraged others to join the battle against England

The Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence

• First Continental Congress 1774– Delegates from all the colonies except GA.– Discussed problems colonist were having with

England

• Second Continental Congress 1775 – Discussed breaking away from England– Decided to write a document declaring their

independence (The Declaration of Independence)

• Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration– Adopted on July 4, 1776

The Declaration of Independence

• The Declaration was written to respond to tyranny and the abuse of power by King George III.– Colonists felt they were denied freedom– Colonists wanted to rule themselves– They wanted to France on their side.

The Declaration of Independence

• The Declaration was written in three parts:– Part I: Why the Declaration was needed– Part II: Beliefs about government– Part III: Complaints about English rule– Part IV: Declared Independence from Great

Britain

• http://classroom.monticello.org/kids/resources/download/29/Audio-of-the-Declaration-of-Independence-mp3/

Review

• What was the purpose of writing the Declaration of Independence?– To respond to tyranny and the abuse of power

by King George III.– To declare their independence from England

Review

• Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and how was it written?– Thomas Jefferson – It was written in four parts:

• Part I: Why the Declaration was needed• Part II: Beliefs about government• Part III: Complaints about English rule• Part IV: Declared Independence from England

Review

• How was the Declaration of Independence a response to tyranny and the abuse of power?– It showed that colonists felt they were denied

freedom.– It showed that colonists wanted to rule

themselves.

Why did they write the

Declaration?

Why did they write the

Declaration?

Who wrote the

Declaration?

Who wrote the

Declaration?

Second Continental Congress

1775

Second Continental Congress

1775

First Continental Congress

1774Philadelphia

First Continental Congress

1774Philadelphia

The Declaration

of Independenc

e

The Declaration

of Independenc

e

Purpose of meeting was to

discuss problems colonist were having with

England

Purpose of meeting was to

discuss problems colonist were having with

England

Discussed breaking away from England and becoming an independent nation.Decided to write the Declaration of Independence

Discussed breaking away from England and becoming an independent nation.Decided to write the Declaration of Independence

A committee of 5 people were formed to put it togetherThomas Jefferson wrote the DeclarationWrote for 17 daysWanted it to be just rightAdopted on July 4, 1776

A committee of 5 people were formed to put it togetherThomas Jefferson wrote the DeclarationWrote for 17 daysWanted it to be just rightAdopted on July 4, 1776

Respond to tyranny and abuse of power by King George IIIThey felt they were denied freedomColonist wanted to rule themselvesThey wanted to get France on their side.

Respond to tyranny and abuse of power by King George IIIThey felt they were denied freedomColonist wanted to rule themselvesThey wanted to get France on their side.

Key Individuals King George III

King of England during the Revolution

Tyrant

Abused Power

Key IndividualsGeorge Washington

Commander in Chief of the

Continental Army

1st President of USA

Key Individuals

John AdamsLeader of the

Sons of Liberty

Declaration Committee

member

2nd President of the USA

Key Individuals

Benjamin Franklin Talked to France into helping the

colonies

Declaration committee member

Inventor and Scientist

Key Individuals

Patrick Henry

Patriot Leader

“I know not what course others may take, but as for me give me liberty, or give me death!”

Key Individuals

Thomas Jefferson

Author of the Declaration of Independence

3rd president of the USA

Key IndividualsBenedict Arnold

Former Continental Army officer who

turned against the Americans and

joined the British Army

“Traitor!!!”

Review

• Who were the key individuals in the American Revolution?– King George III– George Washington– John Adams– Benjamin Franklin– Patrick Henry– Thomas Jefferson– Benedict Arnold

Benedict Arnold

Former Continental Army officer who turned against the Americans and joined the British Army

“Traitor!”

Benedict Arnold

Former Continental Army officer who turned against the Americans and joined the British Army

“Traitor!”

Thomas Jefferson

Author of the Declaration of Independence3rd president of the USA

Thomas Jefferson

Author of the Declaration of Independence3rd president of the USA

Patrick HenryPatriot Leader

“I know not what course others may take, but a as for

me give me liberty,

or give me death!”

Patrick HenryPatriot Leader

“I know not what course others may take, but a as for

me give me liberty,

or give me death!”

Benjamin Franklin

talked France into helping coloniesDeclaration committee memberInventor / Scientist

Benjamin Franklin

talked France into helping coloniesDeclaration committee memberInventor / Scientist

John AdamsDeclaration Committee memberLeader of the Sons of Liberty2nd President of

USA

John AdamsDeclaration Committee memberLeader of the Sons of Liberty2nd President of

USA

George Washington

Commander in chief of the Continental Army1st president of USA

George Washington

Commander in chief of the Continental Army1st president of USA

King George IIIKing of England during RevolutionTyrant

Abused Power

King George IIIKing of England during RevolutionTyrant

Abused Power

Key Individuals during the American

Revolution

Key Individuals during the American

Revolution

Major Events of the Revolutionary War

• Fighting at Lexington and Concord (April 19, 1775)– British troops were sent to Lexington and Concord to

find a storehouse of weapons.– Minute men Knew the British (Red Coats) were

coming and were ready.– The colonists had moved the weapons.– Shots were fired “The shots heard around the world!”– Eight Patriots died – The British Marched back to Boston and were

attacked by Minutemen hiding along the road.– This marked the beginning of the American

Revolution.

Major Events of the Revolutionary War

• George Washington was named the Commander in Chief of the American Continental Army

• The challenges Washington faced were huge.

Patriots Red Coats / British

Made up of volunteers

Under trained

Unmanned

Few supplies

No proper uniforms

Made up of Professional soldiers

Highly Trained

Many Soldiers

Plenty of supplies

Proper Uniforms

Many were English

Major Events of the Revolutionary War

• Battle of Saratoga (1777)– Turning point of War!– Americans defeat British– France joins forces with America

Major Events of the Revolutionary War

• Battle of Yorktown (1781)– British surrendered and America won its

independence– England’s Lord Cornwallis surrendered to

General George Washington.– American won its independence!

Review

• What were the major events and battles of the Revolutionary War?– Lexington and Concord (April 19,1775)– George Washington named Commander in

Chief.– Battle of Saratoga (1777)– Battle of Yorktown (1781)

Review

• What is the significance of the Battle of Lexington and Concord?– It marked the beginning of the American

Revolution.

Review

• Why was the Battle of Saratoga called “The turning point,” of the American Revolution?– France saw that was possible Americans

could win so they decided to join the Americans.

Review

• Why was the Battle of Yorktown the final battle of the American Revolution?– The British surrendered

Battle of Yorktown

1781British

surrendered and America

won its independence!

Battle of Yorktown

1781British

surrendered and America

won its independence!

Battle of Saratoga

1777Turning Point of War! Americans defeat

BritishFrance joins forces

with Americans

Battle of Saratoga

1777Turning Point of War! Americans defeat

BritishFrance joins forces

with Americans

George Washington

named Commander in

Chief of the American

Continental Army

George Washington

named Commander in

Chief of the American

Continental Army

Fighting at Lexington and

Concord April 19, 1775

The War Begins!

Fighting at Lexington and

Concord April 19, 1775

The War Begins!

Major Events of the

Revolutionary War

Major Events of the

Revolutionary War

ROLE PLAYU.S. Constitutional Convention

During break choose your character for play, sit with your fellow characters after break.

(See cards)

Read your part, with your groups answer the questions…

Questions:

1)Should slavery, as well as the entire slave trade be abolished, and should escaped slaves be returned to their owners?

2)Who should be allowed to vote in the new nation, and especially, what role should gender, race, and property ownership play in such a decision?

After answering the questions together….

• Look for allies…send people to other groups to see if you can become allies

• Consider rebuttal arguments

• Prepare for convention….

Questions

1) Should slavery, as well as the entire slave trade be abolished, and should escaped slaves be returned to their owners?

2) Who should be allowed to vote in the new nation, and especially, what role should gender, race, and property ownership play in such a decision?

Connections to today….

• http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26315908/vp/41321791#41321791