the right to be forgotten
TRANSCRIPT
The right to beforgotten
Francesco [email protected]
Craig [email protected]
15 January 2015Quality and Usability (Privacy) Seminar
2014 2.3 zettabytes /day
mmedia.is
2
2014 2.3 zettabytes /day
Should this information be
forgotten at some point?
mmedia.is
2
“My own business always bores me to death; I prefer other
people’s.”
a3.files.biography.com
Oscar Wilde
3
Who hasn’t “Googled” themselves?
“My own business always bores me to death; I prefer other
people’s.”
a3.files.biography.com
Oscar Wilde
3
Example Cases
origin.arstechnica.com
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Stacy Snyder
Example Cases
Stacy Snyder Virginia Da Cunha
origin.arstechnica.com 2.bp.blogspot.com
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Mario Costeja González
cdn-lejdd.ladmedia.fr
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Privacy
A “Right to be Forgotten”?
Liable? →
webseoanalytics.com
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What is the right to be forgotten?
rack.3.mshcdn.com
“The right to silence on past events in life that are no longer occurring”
8
New technologies
‘Default of forgetting’
gradually shifted towards
‘Default of remembering’
9
Keep data for as long as needed and then
destroy or archive
movie-hound.com
10
Keep data for as long as needed and then
destroy or archive
Express yourself freely without fear!
movie-hound.com
10
Protections?
falkondigital.com
What if we later regret what we post?
11
Protections?
falkondigital.com
What if we later regret what we post?
Few protections againstrevenge-porn / poor judgement
11
Protections?
falkondigital.com
EU ruling allows citizens to apply for outdated information to be removed from search results
12
Responsibility?
Re-posts or re-tweets?
Search engine de-indexing?
pfhub.com
13
Drawbacks
Privacy Issues
Appear too late
Impossible to predict all negative consequences
No change in behaviour
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Threat to Free Speech?
images.flatworldknowledge.com
Subtle Censorship
16
Threat to Free Speech?
images.flatworldknowledge.com
Subtle CensorshipImportant information → - Inaccessible - Incomplete- Misrepresentative
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Threat to Free Speech?
Public interest in remembrance
images.flatworldknowledge.com
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Threat to Free Speech?
Public interest in remembrance
Culture is memory
images.flatworldknowledge.com
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Threat to Free Speech?
Public interest in remembrance
Culture is memory
Freedom of expression
images.flatworldknowledge.com
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Third Parties
Data mining
wp.streetwise.co
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Third Parties
Data mining
Re-blogging
wp.streetwise.co
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Third Parties
Data mining
Re-blogging
Untrackable
wp.streetwise.co
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Recent Privacy Scandals
Individuals have a complete lack of control over their data in practice
ytnetwork.com - rt.com
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Scope
Contractual relationship
hse.gov.uk
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Scope
Contractual relationship
What if data is needed (legally) without an individual’s consent?
hse.gov.uk
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The Dawn
deviantart.net
Previous Legislation
Directive 95/46/EC → Internet protection
falkondigital.com
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Previous Legislation
Directive 95/46/EC → Internet protection
“Right to forget” → don’t revive old events
falkondigital.com
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Previous Legislation
Directive 95/46/EC → Internet protection
“Right to forget” → don’t revive old events
French Code → criminals“droit à l’oubli” + rehab
falkondigital.com
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Previous Legislation
Directive 95/46/EC → Internet protection
“Right to forget” → don’t revive old events
French Code → criminals“droit à l’oubli” + rehab
ECHR: balance betweenPrivacy ⇔ Right to speech
falkondigital.com
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May 2014
persecutionofahmadis.org
“suppress search-results for
privacy-related reasons”
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May 2014
persecutionofahmadis.org
“suppress search-results for
privacy-related reasons”
“inadequate or no longer relevant” = no public interest
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vs
bvoed.degoogle.com
right to be forgotten
de-indexed
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vs
bvoed.degoogle.com
right to be forgotten
de-indexed
person’s name ≠ keyword
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vs
bvoed.degoogle.com
right to be forgotten
de-indexed
ISSUE #1past life online if less relevant?
person’s name ≠ keyword
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vs
bvoed.degoogle.com
right to be forgotten
de-indexed
ISSUE #1past life online if less relevant?
person’s name ≠ keyword
ISSUE #2search engines = offline world?
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s3.amazonaws.com
no control → robot
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s3.amazonaws.com
no control → robot
economic interests = secondary
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s3.amazonaws.com
no control → robot
legal responsibility for results?
economic interests = secondary
25
s3.amazonaws.com
no control → robot
Google’s businesses?
legal responsibility for results?
economic interests = secondary
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What did the Court say?
quickmeme.com
Domains
Ruling applied to European domains
youreuropemap.com
28
Domains
Ruling applied to European domains
youreuropemap.com
but not to .com!
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Domains
Ruling applied to European domains
youreuropemap.com
but not to .com!
→ new guidelines!(circumnavigation)
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Balkanizationaccentuate differences
lookintoit.org
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Balkanization
cdn.static-economist.com
Webform request6 months: 175k (~60% OK)accentuate differences
lookintoit.org
29
techweekeurope.co.uk
30
techweekeurope.co.uk
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PRIVACYSPEECH
CONFLICT
techweekeurope.co.uk
government involvement
PRIVACYSPEECH
CONFLICT
30
techweekeurope.co.uk
government involvement
“fail to enforce privacy rights”
PRIVACYSPEECH
CONFLICT
30
techweekeurope.co.uk
freedom of expression government
involvement
“fail to enforce privacy rights”
PRIVACYSPEECH
CONFLICT
30
techweekeurope.co.uk
freedom of expression
society and civic values
government involvement
“fail to enforce privacy rights”
PRIVACYSPEECH
CONFLICT
30
techweekeurope.co.uk
freedom of expression
society and civic values
government involvement
“fail to enforce privacy rights”
PRIVACYSPEECH
CONFLICT
one’s criminal history = public
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Controversies
Practicality of international human right→ Access information?
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Controversies
Practicality of international human right→ Access information?
Turn public into private after time → Privacy?
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Controversies
Practicality of international human right→ Access information?
Turn public into private after time → Privacy?
Bureaucratic nightmare → companies
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Public life
jerrymabbott.com
Past political comments?Transparency?
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Public life
jerrymabbott.com
Past political comments?Transparency?
High School poems?
32
Public life
jerrymabbott.com
Past political comments?Transparency?
High School poems?
Retreat into anonimity?
32
Criminal records
How relevant after time?
lacriticacritica.comsteve-lovelace.com
33
Criminal records
How relevant after time?
World War II
lacriticacritica.comsteve-lovelace.com
33
Criminal records
How relevant after time?
World War II
Ruling party of GDR
lacriticacritica.comsteve-lovelace.com
33
Solution (?)
Expiration dates!
3.bp.blogspot.com
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Solution (?)
Expiration dates!
Who deletes the information?Difficult to apply
3.bp.blogspot.com
34
Conclusions
Convergence in views between US and EU
imageshack.us
35
Conclusions
Convergence in views between US and EU
Balance privacy ⇔ freedom
imageshack.us
35
Conclusions
Convergence in views between US and EU
Balance privacy ⇔ freedom
Trade-off sharing ⇔ services
imageshack.us
35
Conclusions
Convergence in views between US and EU
Balance privacy ⇔ freedom
Trade-off sharing ⇔ services
Internet → Free and open as now?imageshack.us
35
fineartamerica.com
Funes the Memorious
36
fineartamerica.com
Funes the Memorious
“Present is worthless”36
jrbenjamin.com
“Without forgetting it is quite impossible to live at all”
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Thanks!
References1. Bygrave L., A right to be forgotten?, Communications of the ACM, 20152. Ausloos J., The ‘Right to be Forgotten’ - Worth Remembering?, Forthcoming Computer Law
& Security Review, 20123. de Terwangne. C, Internet Privacy and the Right to Be Forgotten/Right to Oblivion, Revista de
los Estudios de Derecho y Ciencia Política de la UOC, 20124. Wagner M., Li-Reilly Y., The right to be forgotten, The Advocate, 20145. Weber R., The Right to Be Forgotten: More Than a Pandora’s Box?, JIPITEC, 20116. Bennett S., The "Right to Be Forgotten": Reconciling EU and US Perspectives, Berkeley Journal
of International Law, 20127. Rosen J., The Right to Be Forgotten, Stanford Law Review, 20128. wsj.com/articles/eu-says-google-should-extend-right-to-be-forgotten-to-com-websites-
1417006254 - The Wall Street Journal9. theguardian.com/technology/2014/nov/27/eu-to-google-expand-right-to-be-forgotten-
to-googlecom - The Guardian10. wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_be_forgotten - Wikipedia
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Discussion
Might forgetting be a good thing?
And if yes, after how long?
Should ISP determine whether a piece of information should be forgotten?
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