THE RISE OF ACTIVISM[SSKM-SSU(UK)]

The Rise of Activism The advancement of technology plus with the non-stop

information through social media creating impact in this 21st century.

Social Media has become a primary organizing tool for political and social movements globally.

They serve to strengthen already existing networks of political and social relationships among activists offline.

Social Media Impact to Nation1. Media activism among youth can be linked to the way youth protest

and create communities online over specific issues and social connections.

2. Venezuela, China, Arab Spring and Occupy Wall Street is the example on how social media impact the situation.

3. There's a lot of information we can dig in web as the age of information offer us two condition -bad and good-, any information need to linked with truth so that we're not just talking without any proof.

4. In Malaysia also the social media especially activism is not left behind because government and opposition, both are trying to tell their work and plan.

Expert says ; “Social media is

important because it’s a new tool and everyone is

using it, and it obviously played a big role in the last 2013 elections among the Internet-connected, urban and middle class voters,”

Dr Hah Foong Lian, Lecturer in Journalism.

Monash University Malaysia

“With social media, even politically apathetic people may

be forced to face social and political issues. For example, if my friend on Facebook posts

something political on his wall, I’m in a way compelled to think

about it and maybe also respond,”

Dr Julian Hopkins, Lecturer in Communication Monash University Malaysia

Expert says ;

Activism In Malaysia (Youth)

Muhammad Safwan Anang, the leader of Solidariti Mahasiswa Muda (SMM), a coalition of 11 student groups, said the “vocal” method is one of last resort, saying that they would always start with dialogue and forums first.

Adam Adli Abdul Halim, 25, who has been regularly arrested and charged in court for his activism, said he hoped that the next generation would not have to be so “vocal” to make their point.

Sarawak (Activism)

Eg:- of NGO

Sarawak Dayak Iban Association (SADIA HQ) :- More to land and survey service to people who fight for the lands

BRIMAS (More on land matters)

SAVE RIVES (River & Dam)

Movement Base

How Malaysia is being establish?

- 18 & 20 Points of Agreement

- Malaysia Agreement 1963

- Nine Cardinals of Principle (Sarawak)

- The Federal Constitution (1963)

- Report of IGC 1962 (Inter Governmental Committee)

SABAH SARAWAK KELUAR MALAYSIA (SSKM)

Facebook Group (Sabah Sarawak Rights)https://www.facebook.com/groups/214674018659603/

SSKM Flow History(Summary)

What is SSKM?

• SSKM Group Sarawak representative

Dum Spiro Spero | Pergo Et Perago While I breath, I hope

Vision : - To champion and increase the strength of Sarawak & Sabah genuine national identity.

- To lead secession of Sarawak and Sabah from the Federation of Malaysia.

Mission : - To spread the public awareness to the citizens of Sabah and Sarawak nations of their genuine identity.

- To further enhance nation building by spreading awareness of the original constitution and it’s base namely the 18 & 20

Points of Agreement.

- To keep the pace in track toward total independence of Sabah and Sarawak

Nations before ICJ, UN and OIC.

What's happen?A group of professionals from various education and

profession background

- Convene to create a facebook group- First established in 2011- With 24 initial administrators- Basic knowledge approach

- Research & Investigation

- Information Proofing/counter-checking

- Summarizing & exposure- Education & Awareness

2013 - More meet up is being organised but the turn up not really good.

The Admin of the Page maintain the high standard for members to comment.

2014 - Sarawak for Sarawakians is a big wave that done by concerned Sarawak citizen's to raise up the rights that been hidden for 50 years.

***SSKM Sarawak Administrative did not approve if someone demand on exposure of the technical aspect of SSKM for the safety of Negara Sarawak and Sabah reason***

SSKM OBJECTIVE

A) What is 18 & 20 Points?

Sarawak North Borneo (Sabah)

List of points drawn up by Sarawak (18 Points) and North Borneo (20 Points), proposing terms for its incorporation into Malaysia, during negotiations prior to the creation of the new federation in 1963.

In the Malaysia Bill of the Malaysia Agreement some of the 18/20 points were incorporated, to varying degrees, into what became the Constitution of Malaysia; others were merely accepted orally, thus not gaining legal status.

The 18/20-point agreement often serves as a focal point among those who argue that Sabah's rights within the Federation have been eroded over time.

Point 1 :- Religion While there was no objection to Islam being the national religion

of Malaysia there should be no State religion in North Borneo, and the provisions relating to Islam in the present Constitution of Malaya should not apply to North Borneo.

Point 2 :- Language Malay should be the national language of the Federation English should continue to be used for a period of 10 years after

Malaysia Day English should be an official language of North Borneo for all

purposes, State or Federal, without limitation of time.

Point 3: Constitution Whilst accepting that the present Constitution of the Federation of

Malaya should form the basis of the Constitution of Malaysia, the Constitution of Malaysia should be a completely new document drafted and agreed in the light of a free association of states and should not be a series of amendments to a Constitution drafted and agreed by different states in totally different circumstances.

A new Constitution for North Borneo was of course essential.

Point 4: Head of Federation The Head of State in North Borneo should not be eligible for

election as Head of the Federation.

Point 5: Name of Federation “Malaysia” but not “Melayu Raya”

Point 6: Immigration Control over immigration into any part of Malaysia from outside

should rest with the Central Government but entry into North Borneo should also require the approval of the State Government. The Federal Government should not be able to veto the entry of persons into North Borneo for State Government purposes except on strictly security grounds. North Borneo should have unfettered control over the movements of persons other than those in Federal Government employ from other parts of Malaysia into North Borneo.

Point 7: Right of Secession* There should be no right to secede from the Federation.

Point 8: Borneanisation Borneanisation of the public service should proceed as quickly

as possible.

Point 9: British Officers Every effort should be made to encourage British Officers to

remain in the public service until their places can be taken by suitably qualified people from North Borneo

Point 10: Citizenship The recommendation in paragraph 148(k) of the Report of the

Cobbold Commission should govern the citizenship rights in the Federation of North Borneo subject to the following amendments:

a) sub-paragraph (i) should not contain the proviso as to five years residence

b) in order to tie up with our law, sub-paragraph (ii)(a) should read “7 out of 10 years” instead of “8 out of 10 years”　　

c) sub-paragraph (iii) should not contain any restriction tied to the citizenship of parents – a person born in North Borneo after Malaysia must be federal citizen.

　　　

Point 11: Tariffs and Finance North Borneo should retain control of its own finance,

development and tariff, and should have the right to work up its own taxation and to raise loans on its own credit.

Point 12: Special position of indigenous races In principle the indigenous races of North Borneo should enjoy

special rights analogous to those enjoyed by Malays in Malaya, but the present Malaya formula in this regard is not necessarily applicable in North Borneo.

Point 13: State Governmenta) the Prime Minister should be elected by unofficial members

of Legislative Councilb) There should be a proper Ministerial system in North Borneo.

　　　

Point 14: Transitional periodThis should be seven years and during such period legislative

power must be left with the State of North Borneo by the Constitution and not be merely delegated to the State Government by the Federal Government.

Point 15: Education The existing educational system of North Borneo should be

maintained and for this reason it should be under state control.

Point 16: Constitutional safeguards No amendment modification or withdrawal of any special

safeguard granted to North Borneo should be made by the Central Government without the positive concurrence of the Government of the State of North Borneo

The power of amending the Constitution of the State of North Borneo should belong exclusively to the people in the state.

Note:

The United Party, The Democratic Party and the Pasok Momogun Party considered that a three-fourth majority would be required in order to effect any amendment to the Federal and State Constitutions whereas the UNKO and USNO considered a two-thirds majority would be sufficient.

UNKO (United Kadazan National Organisation, UNKO)

Sebuah parti politik yang ditubuhkan bagi masing memperjuangkan nasib dan masa depan bangsa KDM. UNKO diasaskan oleh Huguan Siou masyarakat KDM yang pertama, Dato Donald Stephens (kemudiannya Tun Fuad Stephens) pada Ogos 1961, berikutan cadangan Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perdana Menteri Persekutuan Tanah Melayu, untuk menubuhkan satu gagasan negara yang baru yang dipanggil Malaysia. Usaha itu di panggil Projek Malaysia.

Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Kadazan Bersatu kemudiannya bergabung dengan Pertubuhan Pasok Momogun Bersatu bagi menubuhkan Pertubuhan Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Bersatu UPKO yang lahir pada Mei 1964.

United Sabah National Organisation (USNO)

Parti politik yang berpusat di Sabah, Malaysia. Parti ini diasaskan oleh Tun Datu Mustapha Datu Harun, Ketua Menteri ketiga Sabah. Parti itu berjaya memerintah selepas memenangi pilihanraya negeri 1967. USNO kekal berkuasa sehingga 1975 di bawah kepimpinan Tun Mustapha, dan sehingga 1976 di bawah Mohamed Said Bin Keruak.

Sebelum pembentukan Malaysia pada 16 September, 1963, USNO memainkan peranan penting dalam kerjasama dengan UPKO (United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Organisation), yang dipimpin oleh Tun Fuad Stephens, dan dalam Persekutuan Tanah Melayu, dalam mendapat kemerdekaan daripada Great Britain.

Pada tahun 1975, setiausaha agung USNO Harris Salleh meninggalkan parti tersebut dan bergabung dengan UPKO untuk membentuk sebuah parti baru yang dinamakan Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah (BERJAYA). Parti baru ini berjaya mengalahkan USNO pada pilihanraya negeri 1976 untuk membentuk kerajaan sehingga 1985. Selepas kekalahan itu, USNO seringkali meneruskan untuk menyertai pilihanraya negeri 1981, 1985, 1986, dan 1990, memenangi beberapa buah kerusi, tetapi tidak pernah cukup untuk membentuk kerajaan semula.

Pada tahun 1990, USNO bergabung dengan BERJAYA untuk membawa UMNO melebarkan sayap ke Sabah. Tun Mustapha menjadi pengerusi pertama UMNO Sabah setelah Usno dibubarkan untuk bergabung dengan UMNO pada tahun 1991.

Point 17: Representation in Federal ParliamentThis should take account not only of the population of North Borneo but also

of its size and potentialities and in any case should not be less than that of Singapore.

Point 18: Name of Head of StateYang di-Pertua Negara.

Point 19: Name of StateSabah

Point 20: Land, Forests, Local Government, etc.The provisions in the Constitution of the Federation in respect of the powers

of the National Land Council should not apply in North Borneo. Likewise, the National Council for Local Government should not apply in North Borneo.

POINT 7*

The difference between “shall” and “should” in British English is somewhat different: “shall” often expressing a COMMAND on the speaker’s part, and “should” merely a DESIRE, as in “You shall go to the doctor” vs. “You should go to the doctor.”

And yet if we paraphrase POINT 7 as saying, “The Point 7 of the Agreement of Malaysia desires that Sabah & Sarawak not to secede from the Federation,” is this significantly better for Sabah & Sarawak?

How big an improvement over flouting the POINT 7’s command would be flouting the POINT 7’s desire??

Lord Lansdowne: Sabah & Sarawak has the right to secede by principle that when the merger done.

The 18-point agreement, or the 18-point memorandum, was a list of 18 points drawn up by Sarawak, proposing terms for its incorporation into Malaysia, during negotiations prior to the creation of the new federation in 1963.

A Commission of Enquiry, headed by Lord Cameron Cobbold, and The Lansdowne Committee, an inter-governmental committee, were appointed to aid in the drafting of the Malaysia Agreement. Lord Lansdowne served for Britain and Tun Abdul Razak, Deputy Prime Minister of the Federation of Malaya, served for Malaya.(3) The 18 points were based on the Nine Cardinal Principles of the rule of the English Rajah.(4)(5) A similar memorandum, known as the 20-point agreement, was prepared and submitted by Sabah. These memoranda are often cited by those who believe that Sarawak's and Sabah's rights within Malaysia have since been eroded.

SARAWAK ( 9 Cardinal of 1941) The Nine Cardinal Principles of the rule of the English Rajah

is the Preamble of the Sarawak Constitution 1941, the document setting forth the Sarawak Constitution 1941 opened by enunciating the Cardinal Principle were edict by Charles Vyner Brooke, the White Rajah of Sarawak on 24 September 1941 known as the Nine Cardinal Principles of the rule of the White Rajah later adopted into the Nine Cardinal Principles of the rule of the English Rajah.

The White Rajah: A History of Sarawak from 1841 to 1946

Sarawak for Sarawakians is based on 9 Cardinal of Sarawak Constitution.

Malaya maybe proud of their Monarchy system,but Sarawak have their identity that we called the 9 Cardinal as mentioned.

Sarawak Kingdom (1841)

North Borneo (1881)

Federation ofMalaya (1957)

Singapore (1959)

Sarawak BritishCrown Colony (1946)

North Borneo BritishCrown Colony (1946)

Negara Sarawak(1963)

Negara Sabah (1963)

Federated MalayaBritish Colony (1948)

Singapore StraitsSettlement (1948)

Pre-Malaysia Event

Post-Malaysia Event

SingaporeFederation ofMalaya

SarawakSabah

Federation ofMalaysia (1963)

Sarawak SabahPahang SelangorJohor Negeri Sembilan

Malacca PenangPerak KedahPerlis Kelantan

Terengganu Fed. Territories

“Singapore Exit”August 9, 1965

“Neo-Malaysia”1976

The Timeline

Point to PonderTo talk about the Malaysia Agreement 1963 without showing our own stupidity, we must at least read the

following primer:

- The Cobbold Commission Report 1962- The Inter-Government Committee Report (IGC) 1963- The Malaysia Agreement 1963

There are two things that everyone must learn from the IGC. Firstly, the IGC is where five political parties from Sabah submitted their memorandum on the 29th August 1962.

Today this memorandum is commonly known as the 20 points. The 20 points is a memorandum and NOT an agreement as asserted by the Minister.

As a memorandum the 20 point document was submitted to the IGC for consideration by the committee members.

The IGC was headed by Lord Lansdowne the British Minister of State for Colonial Affairs.

Its tasks was “to work out the future constitutional arrangements, including safeguards for the special interest of North Borneo and Sarawak to cover such matters as religious freedom, education, representation in the Federal Parliament, the position of the indigenous races, control of immigration, citizenship and the State Constitution”.

Therefore, the 20 points memorandum was incorporated into the IGC report.The IGC report has 37 points and NOT just 20 points.

Secede or not? The IGC report is the framework to formulate the Malaysia Agreement 1963.

The IGC is NOT the Malaysia Agreement 1963. It is just a report and accepted by the governments.

The IGC has similar function to the Reid Commission which drafted the Constitution for the Federation of Malaya. The IGC report was accepted and signed on Feb 27, 1963 by the United Kingdom, North Borneo, Federation of Malaya and Sarawak

Secondly, the 20 point memorandum submitted by the five political parties contain a secession clause which is point No. 7.

In this clause it was specified that there shall be no secession which means that Sabah cannot secede from Malaysia.

However, the issue of secession was not included in the IGC report.

The reason given by Lord Lansdowne was that “any State voluntarily entering a federation had an intrinsic right to secede at will, and that it was therefore unnecessary to include it in the Constitution”.

Basically what it means here is that Sabah and Sarawak is free to form Malaysia, it is also therefore free to leave.

Sabah and Sarawak does not need the approval of each of the states to leave. Sabah and Sarawak does not need the support of the Rulers Council to leave.

INDEX

Bastin, John Sturgus (1979). Malaysia; Selected Historical Readings. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 9783262012165.3

Jump up ^ Rawlins, Joan (1965). Sarawak - 1839 to 1963. Macmillan & Company, (Original from the University of Michigan Press. p. 240.4

Jump up ^ Sarawak Constitution5