the rise of the atlantic economy
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The Rise of the Atlantic Economy. Unit 3 Chapters 5. Note to Students. This PowerPoint was created using a combination of your textbook as well as other sources/texts. In order to shorten the length of the PPT, I have left out numerous details. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Rise of the Atlantic Economy
Unit 3Chapters 5
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Note to Students
• This PowerPoint was created using a combination of your textbook as well as other sources/texts.
• In order to shorten the length of the PPT, I have left out numerous details. – Students are responsible for getting these details
from the text and class discussions.• I suggest that students print this PPT and use it to
take notes from the text, ID Cards, and class discussions.
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Expansion of the European Economy
• Age of Exploration leads to expansion of the European economy– Decline of Italy– Rise of Spain, England, France, and Netherlands as
economic centers• Stimulation of the economy led to – Bills of Exchange– Banking
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Age of Exploration
• Portugal and Spain lead the “Age of Exploration”• Portuguese Exploration– Henry the Navigator– Bartholomew Dias– Vasco da Gama
• Spanish Exploration– Christopher Columbus– Conquistadors
• Hernan Cortes• Francisco Pizarro
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Machu PicchuBuilt by the Incan Empire
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The Colonial Economy
• Europeans established colonies • Mercantilism: the colonies were exploited for the
benefit of the mother country– Used resources from colonies to increase treasury of gold
and silver• Haciendas and/or plantations formed for agricultural
production– Sugar most important ag. commodity
• Mines created to extract precious metals– Gold and SILVER (Potosi in S. Am)
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Population Growth
• Europe’s population increased in the 16th century– Increased agricultural production– “Enclosure” led to private property• Good for those with land, bad for those without
– New food crops from the Americas• Corn, potatoes, tomatoes, squash, beans, peppers
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The Price Revolution
• Price Revolution– Prices were on the rise in Europe• Increase in population led to higher demand for basic
necessities• Influx of silver from the Americas led to inflation
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State Building
• The nations of western Europe begin to develop stronger, more centralized government systems.– Spain– England– France– Netherlands
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Spain
• Before 1400’s, Spain was divided into several different kingdoms– Mostly Christian in the
Northern areas– Muslims controlled
Southern Spain
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Spain
• 1469: Ferdinand and Isabella marry to unite most of the Iberian Peninsula– Refer to ID Cards for Chapter 5
• “Reconquista” begins• Spanish Inquisition
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Spain
• Charles V (grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella) controlled a HUGE amount of territory.– Refer to ID Cards for
Chapter 3• Charles’ reign– 1519-1556
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Empire of Charles V
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Spain
• In 1556, Charles V abdicated the Hapsburg throne.– His brother, Ferdinand I,
took over the HRE– His son, Philip II,
assumed the throne of Spain
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Spain
• Although Spain had the largest empire in Europe and pulled huge quantities of silver out of mines in the Americas, Spain still had money problems– Spent money defending against Ottoman aggression
in the Mediterranean• Battle of Lepanto (1571)
– Spain spent much of its silver buying luxury good from Asia
– Price Revolution harmed Spain’s economy
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Policies of Philip II of Spain
• Reign of Philip II: 1556-1598– See the ID Card for Philip II for more information
• Philip II reigned during a time when Spain was at the height of its power, but he also oversaw Spain’s dramatic decline.– Defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588– Economic problems (costly wars, poor economic
policy, etc)– Dutch Revolt– Conflict with France and England
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Cultural Achievements in Spain
• Don Quixote by Cervantes• Art:– El Greco
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Homework for Tuesday (9/25)
• Numbered heads together….1. What caused the Dutch Revolt?2. What impact did the Dutch Revolt have on
Spain?3. Trace the economic development of the
Dutch Netherlands in the 16th and 17th centuries.
4. Trace the cultural achievements of the “Golden Age of the Dutch Republic”.
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France
• Bourbon Family – Replaced the Valois as
the ruling family– Came to power with
Henry IV• Edict of Nantes (1598)
• Refer back to ID Cards from Chapter 4
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France
• Louis XIII ascended to throne after his father’s assassination– Ruled from 1610-1643
• Cardinal Richelieu served as Louis XIII’s royal advisor.– Refer to ID Cards for Chapter 4
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England• War of the Roses– Civil war between the Yorks and Lancasters
• Henry Tudor established the Tudor Dynasty in England– Henry Tudor known as Henry VII– Defeated Richard III in 1485
• Be careful not to confuse the Henrys of England with the Henrys of France.– Refer to the government charts posted online under “He
was King of which country????”
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England
• Henry VIII– Reigned from 1509-1547
• Founder of the Anglican Church– Also known as the
Church of England• Refer to ID Card and
text for additional detail.
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England
• Edward VI– Reigned from 1547-1553
• Mary Tudor– Reigned from 1553-1558
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England• Elizabeth I– Reigned from 1558-1603
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Defeat of the Spanish Armada
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Elizabethan Renaissance
• Queen Elizabeth was known for patronage of the arts
• William Shakespeare (playwright)– Famous works: Romeo and Juliet, Julius Caesar,
Macbeth, Hamlet, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Taming of the Shrew, King Lear, Othello,
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England
• 1603: Elizabeth I died without an heir• James VI of Scotland (her cousin) inherited the
throne– He became known as James I of England– The Stuarts took the place of the Tudors as the
ruling family of England