the rise of totalitarian states the bolshevik revolution and the creation of the soviet union
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THE RISE OF TOTALITARIAN STATES
THE BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION AND THE CREATION OF THE SOVIET
UNION
THE SOVIET UNIONKarl Marx, a German philosopher, wrote The Communist Manifesto along with Friedrich Engels. The work was published in 1848.
THE SOVIET UNION
THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO INCLUDED:Philosophy of CostElimination of ProfitClass StruggleClass WarfareCreation of a Classless SocietyTrue EqualityGovernment Ownership of the Means of Production
THE SOVIET UNION
• Russia was a monarchy under the leadership of Czar Nicholas II of the Romanov Dynasty. He ruled with an iron fist and was out of touch with the majority of the Russian people.
• Nicholas led his nation into WW I. Russia suffered greatly at the front and at home. Conditions worsened but Nicholas did not seem to care.
THE SOVIET UNIONA follower of Marx, Lenin believed in the violent overthrow of the Czar in Russia. Lenin believed that the Czar had lost touch with his people and that the system of government was corrupt. Lenin became the leader of the Bolshevik Party and plotted the overthrow of the Czar.
THE SOVIET UNION
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION• March 1917- popular revolution led to the
abdication of Czar Nicholas II.• Russia becomes a democracy under the
Provisional Government.• The Bolshevik Party along with other political
parties begin planning how they would take over the government of Russia.
THE SOVIET UNION
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION - November 1917- the Bolshevik Party, led by
Lenin, staged a coup d’etat and overthrew the Provisional Government of Russia.
- Russia dropped out of WW I. - A 4 year civil war took place from 1917 to
1921(Reds vs Whites). The Bolsheviks(Reds) won and the Soviet Union was born.
THE SOVIET UNION
• Vladimir Lenin-first leader of the Soviet Union.• Official name: the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics (U.S.S.R.).• 1921-began New Economic Policy, injecting
small amounts of capitalism into the communist system in light of system weaknesses.
THE SOVIET UNIONJosef Stalin succeeded Lenin after a power struggle for control with Leon Trotsky. Stalin gained control of the Soviet government in 1928. He was both power hungry and paranoid. These characteristics influence many of his decisions.
THE SOVIET UNION
• GOAL: to industrialize the Soviet Union.• 5 Year Plans• Collective Farms• Command Economy• Secret Police (NKVD)• Purges • Created a fear/worship relationship with his
people.
THE SOVIET UNION
• Executed a majority of his military officers in 1936 purge.
• Made the Soviet Union an industrial nation by 1938.
• Signed Non-Aggression Pact with the Nazis.• Soviets were almost conquered by the Nazis.• Soviets defeated the Nazis in 1945.• Stalin led the Soviets into the Cold War.