the role of road transport in servicing international trade
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The Role of Road Transport in Servicing International Trade. TARI Tashkent, 4 May 2010. Martin MARMY Secretary General. Future of Road Transport: Search for global solution. Increased cooperation at national, regional and international levels - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Role of Road Transport in
Servicing International Trade
TARITARITashkent, 4 May 2010Tashkent, 4 May 2010
TARITARITashkent, 4 May 2010Tashkent, 4 May 2010
Martin MARMYMartin MARMY Secretary GeneralSecretary GeneralMartin MARMYMartin MARMY Secretary GeneralSecretary General
Page Page 22 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Future of Road Transport:Search for global solution
Increased cooperation at national, regional and international levels
Development of the complementarity of the various transport modes harmonisation of regulations and standards and deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems
Market opening including public transport improve efficiency through competition
Improve vocational training and education improve professionalism and quality and sustainable development
Page Page 33 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Today’s TopicsToday’s Topics
I. This is the IRU - Structure and Priorities
II. Road transport regulation andUN Conventions
III. Contribution of road transport to the logistics chain, economic development and the environment
Page Page 44 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
This is the IRUThis is the IRU
Page Page 55 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of IRU MembershipEvolution of IRU Membership
CreatedCreated19481948
National Associations National Associations
from 8 founding countriesfrom 8 founding countries
BelgiumBelgium DenmarkDenmark FranceFrance NetherlandsNetherlands
NorwayNorway SwedenSweden UKUK SwitzerlandSwitzerland
2010 2010 180 Members180 Members 74 Countries 74 Countries
Page Page 66 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of IRU StructureEvolution of IRU Structure
19481948 IRU founded in GenevaIRU founded in Geneva
19731973 IRU Permanent Delegation to theIRU Permanent Delegation to theEU established in BrusselsEU established in Brussels
19981998 IRU Permanent Delegation to theIRU Permanent Delegation to theCIS established in MoscowCIS established in Moscow
20052005 IRU Permanent Delegation to theIRU Permanent Delegation to theMiddle East established in IstanbulMiddle East established in Istanbul
Page Page 77 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
The democratic structure of the IRUThe democratic structure of the IRU
Page Page 88 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU International CommissionsIRU International Commissionsand Working Partiesand Working Parties
• Social AffairsSocial Affairs
• Economic AffairsEconomic Affairs
• Customs AffairsCustoms Affairs
• Legal AffairsLegal Affairs
• Technical AffairsTechnical Affairs
• Road SafetyRoad Safety
• Services to Services to Transport OperatorsTransport Operators
CommissionsCommissions Working PartiesWorking Parties
• Dangerous GoodsDangerous Goods
• Combined TransportCombined Transport
• Taxis and hire cars Taxis and hire cars with driverwith driver
Page Page 99 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU Priority IssuesIRU Priority Issues
Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development• InnovationInnovation
• IncentivesIncentives
• InfrastructureInfrastructure
FacilitationFacilitation• TradeTrade
• TourismTourism
• Road TransportRoad Transport
These areThese are also the also the priorities priorities
of theof the IRU Academy IRU Academy
Page Page 1010 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
TIR SystemTIR System
The most effectiveThe most effectiveUN facilitation instrumentUN facilitation instrument
Page Page 1111 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Geographical scopeGeographical scopeof the TIR Conventionof the TIR Convention
6868
5757
11
33
66
Contracting Party in Contracting Party in Admission ProcessAdmission Process
TIR Operational TIR Operational CountriesCountries
In Negotiation In Negotiation ProcessProcess
InterestedInterestedPartiesParties
ContractingContracting PartiesParties
Page Page 1212 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
International recognition ofInternational recognition ofyour vocational trainingyour vocational training
Page Page 1313 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
International Recognition throughInternational Recognition throughIRU Academy Advisory CommitteeIRU Academy Advisory Committee
UNECEUNECEUnited Nations United Nations Economic Economic Commission for Commission for EuropeEurope
Page Page 1414 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU AcademyIRU AcademyCPC Manager ProgrammeCPC Manager Programme
Fully compliant with European DirectivesFully compliant with European Directives96/26/EC and 98/76/EC96/26/EC and 98/76/EC
RecognitionRecognitionRecognitionRecognition
Page Page 1515 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU AcademyIRU AcademyCPC Driver ProgrammeCPC Driver Programme
Fully compliant with European Directive 2003/59/EC onFully compliant with European Directive 2003/59/EC onProfessional DrivingProfessional Driving
CompetenceCompetenceCompetenceCompetence
Page Page 1616 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
CPC MANAGER CPC MANAGER PROGRAMMEPROGRAMME
“IRU ACADEMY ONLINEIRU ACADEMY ONLINE“ INTERNET APPLICATIONINTERNET APPLICATION
TACHOGRAPH PROGRAMME TACHOGRAPH PROGRAMME & &
DRIVING & REST TIME DRIVING & REST TIME RULESRULES
CPC DRIVER PROGRAMMECPC DRIVER PROGRAMME
TRIPARTITE HIV/AIDS TRIPARTITE HIV/AIDS PROJECTPROJECT
DANGEROUS GOODS (ADR) DANGEROUS GOODS (ADR) PROGRAMMEPROGRAMME
Vocational trainingVocational trainingprovided by the IRU Academyprovided by the IRU Academy
Vocational trainingVocational trainingprovided by the IRU Academyprovided by the IRU Academy
Page Page 1717 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
WCO and IRU work together to WCO and IRU work together to provide facilitation learning packageprovide facilitation learning package
Page Page 1818 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
The IRU structure should always be The IRU structure should always be adapted to the changing worldadapted to the changing world
Change is life.Change is life.
The world is changing. The world is changing.
To be successful the IRU is obliged to To be successful the IRU is obliged to adapt its structure and working methods adapt its structure and working methods to the changing world.to the changing world.
Page Page 1919 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
European Union (EU)European Union (EU)Member StatesMember States
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Commonwealth ofCommonwealth ofIndependent States (CIS)Independent States (CIS)
Page Page 2121 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Economic CooperationEconomic CooperationOrganisation (ECO)Organisation (ECO)
Page Page 2222 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Shanghai Cooperation Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)Organisation (SCO)
Page Page 2323 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
EurAsECEurAsEC
Page Page 2424 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Country membership Country membership of the Regional Organisationsof the Regional Organisations
Page Page 2525 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
New IRU structure – to better serve New IRU structure – to better serve Regional OrganisationsRegional Organisations
Page Page 2626 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Today’s TopicsToday’s Topics
I. This is the IRU - Structure and Priorities
II. Road transport regulation andUN Conventions
III. Contribution of road transport to the logistics chain, economic development and the environment
Page Page 2727 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Objective of the UNECEObjective of the UNECE
Mission Statement: In its 56 member countries, including Georgia and Russia, the UNECE manages 57 multilateral instruments such as International Conventions and Agreements related to:
I. UNECE Regulations II. UNECE Conventions
- Road Safety - Facilitation of transport
- Energy saving and trade
- Environmental protection
Page Page 2828 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
I. UNECE RegulationsI. UNECE Regulations InfrastructureInfrastructure
European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries (AGR)
Trans-European North-SouthMotorway Project (TEM)
Vienna convention (signalisation)
Page Page 2929 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Comparison of economic return from Comparison of economic return from different types of infrastructuredifferent types of infrastructure
Source: The World Bank
World Bank supported infrastructure projectsWorld Bank supported infrastructure projects
6
1215
19 20
29
0
10
20
30
Ave
rag
e ec
on
om
ic r
ates
of
retu
rn (
%)
Page Page 3030 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Comparison of land used for roadsComparison of land used for roadsas % of country’s total surfaceas % of country’s total surface
0.60.3
0.7 0.8
0.3
0.7 0.70.6 0.5
1.4
0.1
0.6
0.2
0
1
2
3
4
5
A CZ D DK E F GB H I NL P PL S
perc
enta
ge
Average 0.5Average 0.5
Source: CE based on Eurostat and IRF
Page Page 3131 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of Road Safety Evolution of Road Safety Performance (EU27)Performance (EU27)
757680
96
135
100
60
80
100
120
140
1990 2000 2001 2005 2006 2007
Source: EU Energy & Transport in Figures, 2009
Road fatalities (all road vehicles)Road fatalities (all road vehicles)2000 = 1002000 = 100
This has been achieved through:
1. Major improvements of the human factor2. Major improvements of the used
infrastructure3. Major improvements of the vehicle
technology
Page Page 3232 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
II. UNECE ConventionsII. UNECE Conventions
The role of road transport is so vital that:
of 57 international transport conventions, 33 are UN Conventions aimed at facilitating road
transport and trade
Road Transport benefits from facilitation instruments
Road Transport benefits from facilitation instruments
Page Page 3333 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
G20 leaders call for facilitation G20 leaders call for facilitation of trade and road transport!of trade and road transport!
G20 leaders call for facilitation G20 leaders call for facilitation of trade and road transport!of trade and road transport!
Page Page 3434 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Any penalty on road transport Any penalty on road transport is an even greater penalty to tradeis an even greater penalty to trade
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
USD
Billi
ons
Transport Costs only All Costs *
Source: Hague Consulting Group, 1998Source: Hague Consulting Group, 1998 * includes lost opportunities* includes lost opportunities
Page Page 3535 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
An IRU-ITF Survey 2008
An IRU-ITF Survey 2008
Securing trade entails protection from Securing trade entails protection from organised crime – Secure Parking needed!organised crime – Secure Parking needed!
Securing trade entails protection from Securing trade entails protection from organised crime – Secure Parking needed!organised crime – Secure Parking needed!
1 in 6 drivers attacked in the past five years (30% more than once)
1 in 6 drivers attacked in the past five years (30% more than once)
17%
5-year attack rate
Page Page 3636 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
TRANSPark SearchTRANSPark SearchTRANSPark SearchTRANSPark Search
Sites around Berlin Sites around Berlin
Site Close-upSite Close-up
Route Planning Route Planning
Page Page 3737 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU BWTO GraphsIRU BWTO Graphs(Border Waiting Times Observatory)(Border Waiting Times Observatory)
IRU BWTO GraphsIRU BWTO Graphs(Border Waiting Times Observatory)(Border Waiting Times Observatory)
Page Page 3838 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Inefficient transport/customs procedures discourage investment Inefficient transport/customs procedures discourage investment and make companies and national economies less competitiveand make companies and national economies less competitive
Inefficient logistics
High transaction (trade) costs
Increased inventories
Poor Competitiveness
Reduced FDI
Lower transport volumes
Road transportRoad transportmust be facilitated!must be facilitated!
Transport costs representup to 15% of the export value
Page Page 3939 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Source: NELTI Final Report, www.iru.org
from 0.5 day
to 4.5 days
Border waiting times are costlyBorder waiting times are costlyfor national economiesfor national economies
Page Page 4040 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Implementation does not require large financial outlay, but mainly administrative/organisational measures
For exampleThe UNECE International Convention on the
Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods and the TIR Convention
Reduce number and duration of border controls
Cheap
Goal
Investment in UN border facilitation is Investment in UN border facilitation is not only cheap, but sometimes costlessnot only cheap, but sometimes costless
Page Page 4141 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Today’s TopicsToday’s Topics
I. This is the IRU - Structure and Priorities
II. Road transport regulation andUN Conventions
III. Contribution of road transport to the logistics chain, economic development and the environment
Page Page 4242 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
GlobalisationGlobalisationand the Logistics Chainand the Logistics Chain
The combined efforts of29 companies in 18 countries
Source: IRUSource: IRU
What does it take to have a cup of coffee in a café? What does it take to have a cup of coffee in a café?
Road transport has becomea vital production tool!
Page Page 4343 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport is the only mode Road transport is the only mode to provide door-to-door serviceto provide door-to-door service
Why China grows:Why China grows:the Asian Modelthe Asian Model
Source: UBS Investment BankReal GDP growth, 5Y average Real GDP growth, 5Y average
00
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88Real GDP growth in %Real GDP growth in %
If you invest more,
If you add more labour,
If you have more labour with more investments you will have growth!
Page Page 4545 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
New opportunities resulting fromNew opportunities resulting fromthe reopening of the Silk Roadthe reopening of the Silk Road
Sea transportSea transportKey:Key:
to US West Coastto US West Coastto US West Coastto US West Coast
Saturated
Saturated
Satu
rate
d
Satu
rate
d
Page Page 4646 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of sea containersEvolution of sea containersin portsin ports
Evolution of sea containersEvolution of sea containersin portsin ports
Page Page 4747 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Satellite Intercepts of the World’s Satellite Intercepts of the World’s Telecommunications in a 24-Hour PeriodTelecommunications in a 24-Hour Period
Modern Activity Gap: The blank swath in the northern Modern Activity Gap: The blank swath in the northern hemisphere is centred on Central Asia!hemisphere is centred on Central Asia!
Source: Centre for Strategic International Studies (CSIS), Washington, DC
Page Page 4848 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
If the Silk Road worked for Marco Polo, If the Silk Road worked for Marco Polo, then why shouldn’t it work for trade then why shouldn’t it work for trade
and road transport today?and road transport today?
Itineraries of the Ancient Silk Itineraries of the Ancient Silk Road up to 700 years agoRoad up to 700 years ago
Page Page 4949 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Interconnecting all the businesses Interconnecting all the businesses along the reopened Silk Roadalong the reopened Silk Road
Sea transportSea transport Land transportLand transportKey:Key:
to US West Coastto US West Coastto US West Coastto US West Coast
To To East East CoastCoast
Saturated
Saturated
Satu
rate
d
Satu
rate
d
To Black SeaTo Black SeaDiesel fuel = 30 cents/litreDiesel fuel = 30 cents/litreLabour costs = $200/monthLabour costs = $200/monthTo US East CoastTo US East Coast
Page Page 5050 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Interconnecting all the businesses Interconnecting all the businesses along the reopened Silk Roadalong the reopened Silk Road
Sea transportSea transport Land transportLand transportKey:Key:
to US West Coastto US West Coastto US West Coastto US West Coast
To To East East CoastCoast
Saturated
Saturated
Satu
rate
d
Satu
rate
d
To Mid EastTo Mid East
To EU To EU To CISTo CIS
Launch of historicLaunch of historicBeijing-Brussels CaravanBeijing-Brussels Caravan
BeijingBeijing
BrusselsBrussels
Page Page 5252 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Black Sea Ring HighwayBlack Sea Ring HighwayTruck Caravan, April 2007Truck Caravan, April 2007
The Caravan was initiated with the aim of The Caravan was initiated with the aim of promoting the future BSEC Ring Highway and promoting the future BSEC Ring Highway and identifying the physical road conditions and the identifying the physical road conditions and the non-physical barriers to road transport.non-physical barriers to road transport.
Page Page 5353 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU New Euro-Asian Land IRU New Euro-Asian Land Transport Initiative - NELTITransport Initiative - NELTI
• Launched in September Launched in September 20082008
• Commercial transport Commercial transport deliveries performed by deliveries performed by transport operators from transport operators from 12 Euro-Asian countries12 Euro-Asian countries
• 5 routes5 routes
• In cooperation with the In cooperation with the Asian Development BankAsian Development Bank
Page Page 5454 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport Euro-Asia Road transport Euro-Asia feasibility studyfeasibility study
Road Transport and Road Transport and
the environmentthe environment
Page Page 5656 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU’s 3 “i”s for IRU’s 3 “i”s for Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development
11.. InnovationInnovation – develop ever more effective “at- – develop ever more effective “at-source” technical measures & operating source” technical measures & operating practices to reduce environmental impact.practices to reduce environmental impact.
2.2. IncentivesIncentives – encourage faster introduction by – encourage faster introduction by transport operators of best available transport operators of best available technologies and practices.technologies and practices.
3.3. InfrastructureInfrastructure – ensure free-flowing traffic – ensure free-flowing traffic through adequate investment in new through adequate investment in new infrastructure, to remove bottlenecks and infrastructure, to remove bottlenecks and missing links and make full use of existing missing links and make full use of existing infrastructure.infrastructure.
Page Page 5757 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Evolution of Commercial Evolution of Commercial Vehicle Toxic EmissionsVehicle Toxic Emissions
0
20
40
60
80
100
CO HC NOx particulates
per
cen
tag
e (1
990
= 1
00)
Euro 0 (1990) Euro I (1993) Euro II (1996) Euro III (2000) Euro IV (2005) Euro V (2008) Euro VI (2014)
- 88%- 88% - 95%- 95% - 97%- 97% - 98%- 98%
Source: EU Commission 2008Source: EU Commission 2008
Page Page 5858 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
European Standard VehiclesEuropean Standard Vehicles vs. Modular Concept vs. Modular Concept
Two vehicles instead of three• Less total fuel consumption• Less emissions per tonkm • Less total room on road• Lower cost per tonne/km• Less road damage
• Possible to decouple to shorter combinations
• Standard loading units• Same volume of cargo
EU regular combinations
13.6 m
7.82 m 7.82 m
13.6 m
Modular Concept
13.6 m7.82 m
13.6 m 7.82 m
Page Page 5959 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
IRU “30 by 30” ResolutionIRU “30 by 30” Resolution
The road transport sector has The road transport sector has voluntarily committed, on the basis voluntarily committed, on the basis of innovative technologies and of innovative technologies and practices, to reduce CO2 emissions practices, to reduce CO2 emissions by 30% by 2030 based on by 30% by 2030 based on transport performance in tkm and transport performance in tkm and pkm and related to the base year 2007.pkm and related to the base year 2007.
- 30% CO- 30% CO22 by 2030 by 2030
Road Transport and OilRoad Transport and Oil
In road transport,In road transport,oil is Black Gold !oil is Black Gold !In road transport,In road transport,oil is Black Gold !oil is Black Gold !
Page Page 6262 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
What is the “real” price in US$ / barrelWhat is the “real” price in US$ / barrelof one litre of diesel?of one litre of diesel?
The current spot price in New York is $70 / barrel
But!Fuel price at the pump The "real price"
UK: £1.138 / litre UK: $285 / barrel
US: $0.728 / litre US: $116 / barrel
RUS: $0.66 / litre (= 19.33 Rub) RUS: $105 / barrel
Source: National governments; OPEC 2006
We need an Energy PolicyWe need an Energy Policy instead of a fiscal policy! instead of a fiscal policy!
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
UK
Italy
Germany
France
Japan
Canada
USA
Crude Oil Price Distrib. Cost & Margin Tax (VAT, Excise duty)
19%19%
25%25%
34%34%
48%48%
50%50%
44%44%
60%60%
US$/litreUS$/litre
Page Page 6464 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport has no viable Road transport has no viable alternative to petrol and diesel fuel!alternative to petrol and diesel fuel!
Petrol / gasoline 1 1
Diesel Fuel 1 1
Propane (C3H3) 8 1.9
Butane (C4H10) 8 1.4
Hydrogen (H2) - Gas at 200 BAR 25 22
Hydrogen (H2) - Liquid at -253°C 4 5.8
Metal Hydride - Magnesium 5 3.2
Metal Hydride - Vanadium 10 1.7
Metal Hydride - Iron-Titanium 20 3.2
Methanol (CH3OH) 2.2 2.1
Ethanol (C2H5OH) 1.62 1.53
Lead Battery 70 12
Weight & volume of fuel tank for same amount of energy
Weightcoefficient
Volumecoefficient
Page Page 6565 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
Road transport is 100% dependent on oil Need to diversify the energy market
Page Page 6666 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010
www.iru.orgwww.iru.org
Page Page 6767 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2010