the roman calendar
DESCRIPTION
The Roman Calendar. “Like sands through the hour glass, so to our the days of our lives…”. Terms to know. Week ran A-H (8 day cycle) Kalends (Juno) 1 st of month Nones 5 th 7 th (March, May, July, October) Ides (Jupiter) 13 th 15 th (March, May, July, October). Terms to know. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Roman Calendar
“Like sands through the hour glass, so to our the days of our
lives…”
Terms to know Week ran A-H (8 day
cycle) Kalends (Juno)
1st of month Nones
5th
7th (March, May, July, October)
Ides (Jupiter) 13th 15th (March, May, July,
October)
Terms to know
N = NefastusNP = Nefastus
PulicusC = ComitialisF = Faustus
How to
read a
Roman Calendar
Kalends (1st) of May (MAI)
comitialis
Nones (7th) fastus
Lemuria Festival
nefastus
Ides (15th)
Nefastus publicus
Festivals and GamesLudi = gamesRituals carried out at state expenseDidn’t matter how many attend AS LONG
AS it is DONE CORRECTLYFree entertainment – wealthy individuals
Chariot races Theatrical performances (plays, mimes) Large animal displays and hunts Gladiatorial battles Miniature sea battles
JANUARY (Janvs)
1 January – COMPITALIA - LaresCompitum = a point at which four small
farms meetFarmCity
February (Februa)13-22 – PARENTALIA – Spirits of dead
(Manes)15 – LUPERCALIA – Faunus?
Roman ideas of decorum and conservatism?
March (Mars)Original New YearBegin of…Start of…Throughout month:
Salii (12) + rituals Uniform Ancient Latin Leaping Nights
March (Mars)1st – Sanctuary of Mars in Regia
Shields1st – Sacred Fire – Vesta14th and 19th – Horse races15th – ANNA PERENNA
annare perennareque17th LIBERALIA – Liber Pater19th – QUINQUARTRUUS (festival sacred to
Minerva)
Salii + major Roman Priests24th - return
APRIL (aperire, "to open“ )
4th and 11th – two feasts of Cybele Games
15th – FORDICIDIA – Tellus Mater forda Unborn calf + Parilia
19th – CERELIA – Ceres21st – PARILIA – Pales
Farm City
APRIL
28th April – 3 May – FLORALIA – Flora Farm City Puritanical Romans…
Unfixed date – near endFERIAE LATINAE Unity and friendship Alba Longa Consuls and important magistrates
SEX LICENSEOn the FLORALIA you arepermitted to enjoy yourselfA LOT!
May (?Maia- goddess of spring)
9th, 11th, 13th – LEMURIA – festival of the dead – Lemures
14th
Pons Siblicius – oldest bridge – Tiber Straw puppets Theory 1 Theory 2
Unfixed date – AMBARVALIA (farm) (AMBURBIUM in city) Suovetaurilia in city vs. farm
June (Juno)
9-15th – VESTALIA – Vesta15th – clean storehouse24th – festival of Fortuna
Open to slaves
July (Julius Caesar)
6th-13th – games in honour of Apollo23rd – NEPTUNALIA - Neptune
August (Augustus)
12th – festival of Hercules Cacus NO WOMEN
13th – festival to Diana Latins and Romans under Servius Tullius Summer holiday for slaves – a day off
21st – CONSUALIA – Consus Circus Maximus
23rd – VOLCANUS - Vulcan
September (Septum “seven”)
5-19th – Ludi Romani – not religious13th – anniversary of dedication of Jupiter’s
temple on Capitol – 507BC Jupiter Optimus Maximus Statues of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva (triad)
October (octo, "eight“)
13th – FONTONALIA15th – Mars
Chariot races Head of horse Tail of horse – Regia Blood of horse – ashes of calf
from Fordicidia
November (novem, "nine“)
4-17th - Ludi Plebis15th – feast in honour of Jupiter
December (decem, "ten“)
Unfixed date – BONA DEA – Good Goddess Fauna? ONLY WOMEN Clodius Pulcher – dressed as a woman!
17-23rd – SATURNALIA Latium Business Slaves